Small Groups: Key Readings

by Levine,John M.; Levine,John M.

• ISBN13: 9780863775949
• ISBN10: 0863775942
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Nonspecific Binding
• Copyright: 2006-03-13
• Publisher: Psychology Pres

Summary

Research on small groups is highly diverse because investigators who study such groups vary in their disciplinary identifications, theoretical interests, and methodological preferences. The goal of this volume is to capture that diversity, and thereby convey the breadth and excitement of small group research by acquainting students with work on five fundamental aspects of groups. These are: group composition (the number and type of people who belong to the group); group structure (the status systems, norms, and roles that constrain interactions among group members); group conflict (arising from competition among members for scarce resources, both tangible and intangible); group performance (cooperative efforts among members to create joint products and achieve common goals); and group ecology (the physical, social, and temporal environments in which the group operates). Although these five aspects of groups are all important, they have not received equal research attention. In an effort to reflect thisrelative interest, more space has been devoted to conflict and performance than to composition, structure, and ecology. The volume also includes an introductory chapter by the editors which provides an overview of the history of and current state-of-the-art in the field. Together with introductions to each section, discussion questions and suggestions for further reading, make the volume an ideal text for senior undergraduate and graduate courses on group dynamics.

Table of Contents

About the Editors	xi
Acknowledgments	xiii
Small Groups: An Overview	1	(10)
John M. Levine
Richard L. Moreland
PART 1 Group Composition	11	(54)
The Contribution of Influence and Selection to Adolescent Peer Group Homogeneity: The Case of Adolescent Cigarette Smoking	21	(16)
Susan T. Ennett
Karl E. Bauman
Some Effects of Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women	37	(18)
Rosabeth Moss Kanter
Effects of Crew Composition on Crew Performance: Does the Whole Equal the Sum of Its Parts?	55	(10)
Aharon Tziner
Dov Eden
PART 2 Group Structure	65	(46)
Status, Expectations, and Behavior: A Meta-Analytic Review and Test of the Theory	73	(10)
James E. Driskell
Brian Mullen
Asymmetries in Attachments to Groups and to Their Members: Distinguishing Between Common-Identity and Common-Bond Groups	83	(14)
Deborah A. Prentice
Dale T. Miller
Jenifer R. Lightdale
The ``Friendly'' Poker Game: A Study of an Ephemeral Role	97	(14)
Louis A. Zurcher, Jr.
PART 3 Conflict in Groups	111	(76)
Effects of Group Identity on Resource Use in a Simulated Commons Dilemma	119	(14)
Roderick M. Kramer
Marilynn B. Brewer
Status, Ideology, and Integrative Complexity on the U.S. Supreme Court: Rethinking the Politics of Political Decision Making	133	(24)
Deborah H. Gruenfeld
Being Better by Being Right: Subjective Group Dynamics and Derogation of In-Group Deviants When Generic Norms are Undermined	157	(20)
Jose M. Marques
Dominic Abrams
Rui G. Serodio
Does Power Corrupt?	177	(10)
David Kipnis
PART 4 Group Performance	187	(234)
A: Decision Making	189	(10)
Collective Induction	199	(8)
Patrick R. Laughlin
Thomas A. Shippy
Social Transition Schemes: Charting the Group's Road to Agreement	207	(20)
Norbert L. Kerr
Pooling of Unshared Information in Group Decision Making: Biased Information Sampling During Discussion	227	(14)
Garold Stasser
William Titus
Threat, Cohesion, and Group Effectiveness: Testing a Social Identity Maintenance Perspective on Groupthink	241	(24)
Marlene E. Turner
Anthony R. Pratkanis
Preston Probasco
Craig Leve
The Effects of Repeated Expressions on Attitude Polarization During Group Discussions	265	(32)
Markus Brauer
Charles M. Judd
Melissa D. Gliner
Productivity	289	(8)
Many Hands Make Light the Work: The Causes and Consequences of Social Loafing	297	(12)
Bibb Latane
Kipling Williams
Stephen Harkins
Impact of Group Goals, Task Component Complexity, Effort, and Planning on Group Performance	309	(18)
Laurie R. Weingart
Transactive Memory: Learning Who Knows What in Work Groups and Organizations	327	(30)
Richard L. Moreland
Leadership	347	(10)
Self-Monitoring and Trait-Based Variance in Leadership: An Investigation of Leader Flexibility Across Multiple Group Situations	357	(12)
Stephen J. Zaccaro
Roseanne J. Foti
David A. Kenny
The Contingency Model: A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness	369	(14)
Fred E. Fiedler
Self-Categorization and Leadership: Effects of Group Prototypicality and Leader Stereotypicality	383	(18)
Sarah C. Hains
Michael A. Hogg
Julie M. Duck
The Romance of Leadership	401	(20)
James R. Meindl
Sanford B. Ehrlich
Janet M. Dukerich
PART 5 Group Ecology	421	(94)
Coming Out in the Age of the Internet: Identity ``Demarginalization'' Through Virtual Group Participation	433	(20)
Katelyn Y. A. McKenna
John A. Bargh
Stability, Bistability, and Instability in Small Group Influence Patterns	453	(16)
Holly Arrow
Socialization in Organizations and Work Groups	469	(30)
Richard L. Moreland
John M. Levine
Beyond Task and Maintenance: Defining External Functions in Groups	499	(16)
Deborah Gladstein Ancona
David F. Caldwell
Appendix: How to Read a Journal Article in Social Psychology	515	(10)
Christian H. Jordan
Mark P. Zarna
Author Index	525	(14)
Subject Index	539