Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
Purchase Benefits
What is included with this book?
History and Methods | p. 1 |
The Evolution of Work | p. 3 |
Changes in the World of Work | p. 4 |
The Social Organization of Work | p. 4 |
Consequences of Work for Individuals | p. 6 |
Consequences of Work for Society | p. 7 |
Social Stratification | p. 8 |
A History of Work | p. 8 |
Hunting and Gathering Societies | p. 8 |
Early Agricultural Societies | p. 10 |
Imperial Societies | p. 13 |
Feudal Society | p. 15 |
Merchant Capitalism | p. 18 |
The Industrial Revolution | p. 20 |
The Factory System | p. 21 |
Mass Production under Monopoly Capitalism | p. 26 |
Postindustrial Society | p. 28 |
Studying the World of Work | p. 34 |
Techniques of Analysis | p. 34 |
Ethnographies | p. 35 |
Case Studies | p. 37 |
Sample Surveys | p. 39 |
Units of Analysis | p. 40 |
The Worker and the Labor Force | p. 40 |
Industry | p. 46 |
Occupation | p. 47 |
Workplaces | p. 54 |
Other Units of Analysis | p. 54 |
Problems in Studying Work | p. 54 |
Lack of Information | p. 54 |
Hard-to-Measure Characteristics | p. 55 |
The Personal Context of Work | p. 59 |
Work and Family | p. 61 |
The Life-Cycle Perspective | p. 62 |
Individual Life Cycle | p. 62 |
The Career | p. 63 |
The Family Life Cycle | p. 64 |
Socialization and Work | p. 65 |
Informal Socialization | p. 65 |
Formal Socialization | p. 66 |
Socialization in the Workplace | p. 67 |
The Working Years | p. 69 |
Entering the Labor Force | p. 69 |
Occupational Mobility | p. 72 |
Retirement | p. 74 |
Alternative Cycles | p. 76 |
Integrating Work and Family Life | p. 76 |
Role Conflict and Role Overload | p. 76 |
Work Arrangements among Couples | p. 79 |
The Arrival of Children | p. 82 |
Homemakers and Home Production as a Career | p. 83 |
The Income Squeeze | p. 84 |
The Impact of the Family on Work | p. 85 |
The "Empty Nest" | p. 85 |
Proposals for Combining Family and Work | p. 85 |
Repackaging Jobs | p. 85 |
Family-Related Fringe Benefits | p. 86 |
Meaningful Work | p. 89 |
What Is Job Satisfaction? | p. 90 |
Theories of Alienation | p. 90 |
Theories of Self-Actualization | p. 92 |
What Determines Job Satisfaction? | p. 93 |
Self-Direction | p. 93 |
Belongingness | p. 95 |
Technology | p. 96 |
Organizational Structure and Policies | p. 97 |
Participation | p. 98 |
Individual Differences in the Experience of Work | p. 99 |
Great Expectations | p. 101 |
Responses to Work | p. 101 |
Attitudes toward Work | p. 101 |
Behavioral Responses to Work | p. 103 |
The Future of Job Satisfaction | p. 107 |
Barriers and Disruptions at Work | p. 110 |
Discrimination in Hiring | p. 111 |
Equal Rights Legislation | p. 112 |
Continuing Forms of Hiring Discrimination | p. 114 |
Discrimination in Pay and Promotions | p. 118 |
Racial Discrimination | p. 118 |
Gender Discrimination | p. 119 |
The Debate over Comparable Worth | p. 120 |
Sexual Harassment | p. 122 |
Managing the Diverse Workforce of the 2000s | p. 124 |
Unemployment | p. 124 |
Layoffs | p. 125 |
Coping with Unemployment | p. 127 |
Hazardous Work and Disability | p. 128 |
Industrial Accidents | p. 129 |
Occupational Diseases | p. 130 |
Regulating Workplace Safety and Health | p. 134 |
Stressful Jobs | p. 134 |
Environmental Degradation | p. 135 |
Living with Disability | p. 136 |
Safety and Health in the Workplace of the Future | p. 137 |
Collective Responses to Work | p. 140 |
Why Do People Need Labor Organizations? | p. 141 |
Union Membership | p. 142 |
An Outline of North American Labor History | p. 142 |
Local Craft Unions | p. 143 |
Workers' Political Parties | p. 143 |
Early National Unions | p. 144 |
General Unions: The Knights and the Wobblies | p. 146 |
The AFL and Craft Unionism | p. 149 |
The CIO and Industrial Unionism | p. 150 |
The Postwar Retrenchment | p. 152 |
Facing New Challenges | p. 153 |
Lessons from Labor's History | p. 156 |
Labor Unions at the Beginning of the Twenty-First Century | p. 156 |
Current Union Roles | p. 157 |
Growing and Declining Unions | p. 160 |
Innovative Union Programs for the 2000s | p. 163 |
Industries and Technologies | p. 171 |
Technology and Organization | p. 175 |
Defining Technology | p. 176 |
Operations Technology | p. 176 |
Materials | p. 176 |
Knowledge | p. 176 |
Defining Organization | p. 177 |
How Does Technology Influence Work? | p. 178 |
Changing Technologies | p. 178 |
What Is Skill? | p. 179 |
Acquiring New Skills | p. 180 |
How Do Organizations Influence Work? | p. 181 |
The Division of Labor and Changing Organizational Structures | p. 181 |
Organizational Structure as Labor Control | p. 182 |
Rediscovering the Worker | p. 184 |
The Growth of Bureaucracy | p. 185 |
Defining Bureaucracy | p. 185 |
Bureaucratic Control | p. 186 |
Customizing Bureaucracies | p. 188 |
Informal Work Cultures | p. 188 |
Limitations of Bureaucracy | p. 190 |
Top-Heavy Management | p. 190 |
The Centralization of Control in the Economy | p. 190 |
Reduced Creativity | p. 191 |
Corporate Accountability | p. 191 |
Direct Worker Participation | p. 193 |
Technological and Organizational Determinism | p. 195 |
From Field, Mine, and Factory | p. 198 |
Postindustrial Society? | p. 199 |
Occupations and Industries | p. 200 |
Raw Materials: Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing | p. 200 |
Agriculture | p. 200 |
Forestry | p. 204 |
Fishing | p. 205 |
Mining | p. 206 |
Construction | p. 208 |
Manufacturing | p. 210 |
Craft Workers | p. 210 |
Machine Operators and Assemblers | p. 211 |
Unskilled Labor | p. 213 |
Working-Class Culture | p. 215 |
Three Key Manufacturing Industries | p. 215 |
Automobiles | p. 215 |
Steel | p. 217 |
Textiles | p. 218 |
Global Competition and the New World Order | p. 220 |
The Wrong Policies at the Wrong Time | p. 220 |
Unexplored Alternatives | p. 223 |
The High-Technology Workplace | p. 226 |
Competing Views of High Technology | p. 227 |
Microprocessor Technologies and Skill Requirements | p. 228 |
The Skill-Upgrading Thesis | p. 229 |
The Deskilling Thesis | p. 230 |
The Mixed-Effects Position | p. 231 |
Training for Changing Skill Requirements | p. 233 |
Changing Job Content | p. 234 |
Engineering | p. 235 |
Assembly Jobs | p. 236 |
Machine Work | p. 237 |
Skilled Maintenance Work | p. 238 |
Clerical Work | p. 238 |
Middle Management | p. 238 |
Technical Workers | p. 239 |
Telecommuting | p. 239 |
Job Displacement and Job Creation | p. 241 |
Job Displacement | p. 241 |
Job Creation | p. 243 |
Increasing Segmentation? | p. 244 |
Public Policy and Employment | p. 245 |
Working with High Technology | p. 246 |
Computer Technology and the Meaning of Work | p. 246 |
Computer Technology and Organizational Dynamics | p. 246 |
Union Responses | p. 250 |
Services | p. 254 |
What Are Services? | p. 255 |
Characteristics of Services | p. 255 |
Sources of the Demand for Services | p. 257 |
The Rise of the Service Society | p. 258 |
Sectoral Transformation | p. 258 |
Tertiarization | p. 259 |
Types of Service Industries | p. 261 |
Professional Services | p. 261 |
Business Services | p. 261 |
Producer Services | p. 261 |
Distributive Services | p. 262 |
Social Services | p. 262 |
Personal Services | p. 264 |
Compensation in Services | p. 265 |
Service Interaction | p. 266 |
Standards | p. 266 |
The Role of Employers | p. 267 |
The Worker's Perspective | p. 271 |
The Future of Service Work | p. 273 |
Occupations and Professions | p. 277 |
Professions and Professionals | p. 281 |
How Sociologists Recognize Professions | p. 282 |
Abstract, Specialized Knowledge | p. 283 |
Autonomy | p. 285 |
Authority | p. 285 |
Altruism | p. 287 |
Evaluating the Four Hallmarks | p. 288 |
How Powerful Are the Professions? | p. 288 |
Monopolizing Knowledge | p. 288 |
Power within the Professions | p. 289 |
Changes in the Professions | p. 290 |
Are the Professions Meritocracies? | p. 292 |
Changing Degrees of Professionalization | p. 295 |
Professionalization | p. 295 |
Deprofessionalization | p. 297 |
The Semiprofessions and the Paraprofessions | p. 300 |
The Semiprofessions | p. 300 |
The Paraprofessions | p. 302 |
The Future of the Professions | p. 303 |
Executives, Managers, and Administrators | p. 307 |
Types of Management Roles | p. 308 |
Executives | p. 308 |
Managers | p. 308 |
Administrators | p. 309 |
Staff and Line Managers | p. 309 |
Executives, Managers, and Administrators at Work | p. 309 |
Demand for Managers | p. 309 |
The Self-Employed Worker | p. 310 |
Supply of Managers | p. 311 |
The Managerial Career | p. 313 |
Continuities and Discontinuities in Management Roles | p. 315 |
Changes in Scale | p. 316 |
Changes in Environment | p. 316 |
Changes in Specialization | p. 317 |
Changes in Technology | p. 319 |
Tracking Management Performance | p. 320 |
The Behavioral Approach | p. 321 |
The Organizational Culture Approach | p. 322 |
The Future of Executives, Managers, and Administrators | p. 324 |
Clerical and Sales Workers | p. 328 |
History of Clerical Work | p. 329 |
Demand for Clerical Workers | p. 330 |
Supply of Clerical Workers | p. 331 |
Transforming the Clerical Occupations | p. 335 |
Office Technology | p. 335 |
Work Reorganization | p. 338 |
The Future of Clerical Workers | p. 341 |
History of Sales Work | p. 341 |
Demand for Sales Workers | p. 342 |
Product Marketing | p. 342 |
Type of Firm | p. 345 |
Knowledge Base | p. 347 |
Supply of Sales Workers | p. 348 |
The Future of Sales Workers | p. 349 |
Marginal Jobs | p. 352 |
What Is a Marginal Job? | p. 353 |
Illegal or Morally Suspect Occupations | p. 353 |
Unregulated Work | p. 353 |
Contingent Work | p. 355 |
Underemployment | p. 356 |
How Do Jobs Become Marginal? | p. 356 |
Marginal Occupational Groups | p. 357 |
Employers Who Marginalize Jobs | p. 361 |
By Industry | p. 363 |
By Firm | p. 364 |
By Employment Contract | p. 365 |
Why Are Some Workers Considered Marginal? | p. 366 |
Geographic Isolation | p. 366 |
Educational Level | p. 368 |
Disabling Conditions | p. 368 |
Job Displacement | p. 368 |
Age | p. 369 |
Race and Ethnicity | p. 370 |
Gender | p. 370 |
Interacting Characteristics | p. 371 |
Marginal Workers and Social Class | p. 371 |
The Future of Marginal Jobs | p. 372 |
Dual Labor Markets | p. 372 |
Internal Labor Markets | p. 373 |
Work in the Twenty-First Century | p. 375 |
The World of the Large Corporation | p. 377 |
The Power of the Large Corporation | p. 378 |
Public Concerns about Corporate Power | p. 378 |
Types of Corporate Market Power | p. 380 |
The Legal Status of Corporations | p. 382 |
Merger Mania | p. 384 |
The First Five Merger Waves | p. 384 |
The Current Megamerger Frenzy | p. 386 |
Increased Diversification | p. 388 |
The Effects of Increasing Size and Concentration | p. 390 |
A Slowdown of Mergers? | p. 392 |
Intercorporate Linkages | p. 392 |
Interlocking Directorates | p. 392 |
The Role of Banks | p. 393 |
Subcontracting | p. 394 |
The Small-Firm Sector | p. 396 |
Satellites, Loyal Opposition, and Free Agents | p. 396 |
The Birth of New Jobs | p. 398 |
Economic Revitalization | p. 398 |
Work in a Global Economy | p. 402 |
How Has the Global Economy Developed? | p. 403 |
Theories of Industrial Development | p. 403 |
Emergence of the Contemporary World Economy | p. 406 |
The World Economy Today | p. 408 |
The Role of Multinational Corporations | p. 408 |
Slowed Growth in the Industrialized Nations | p. 410 |
The End of U.S. Economic Dominance | p. 411 |
Protectionism, Free Trade, and Fair Trade | p. 412 |
Trading Blocks: Regional Solutions to Lagging Growth | p. 413 |
Combined and Uneven Development in Less Developed Nations | p. 413 |
How Do Work Practices Differ around the Globe? | p. 415 |
Least Developed Nations | p. 415 |
Developing Nations | p. 416 |
State-Regulated Capitalism | p. 417 |
German Codetermination | p. 418 |
Scandinavian Autonomous Work Groups | p. 419 |
Macroplanning in Japan | p. 421 |
China | p. 424 |
The Four Tigers | p. 424 |
Eastern Europe and Russia | p. 425 |
Competing Organizational Forms | p. 426 |
International Labor Solidarity | p. 427 |
The Future of Work | p. 433 |
Pivotal Work Trends | p. 434 |
Computer Technology | p. 434 |
An Integrated World Economy | p. 435 |
Female and Minority Workers | p. 435 |
The Face of Work in the Twenty-First Century | p. 436 |
The Innovative Sector | p. 436 |
The Marginal Sector | p. 444 |
Achieving a Brighter Future | p. 448 |
Increasing Innovation | p. 448 |
Reducing Marginal Employment | p. 450 |
Expanding Leisure | p. 450 |
Expanding Public Goods | p. 451 |
Employed Civilians by Detailed Occupation, Sex, Race, and Hispanic Origin, 2000 | p. 454 |
Glossary | p. 460 |
References | p. 468 |
Index | p. 494 |
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved. |
The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.
The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.