Social and Personal Ethics (with InfoTrac)

by Shaw, William H.

• ISBN13: 9780534640248
• ISBN10: 0534640249
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-04-19
• Publisher: Thomson-Wadsworth

Summary

Part I: ETHICAL THEORY. 1. An Introduction to Ethics. The Nature of Morality. Normative Theories of Ethics. 2. Ethical Relativism. James Rachels, "The Challenge of Cultural Relativism." 3. Three Rival Ethical Perspectives. Aristotle, "Happiness, Function, and Virtue." Immanuel Kant, "Good Will, Duty, and the Categorical Imperative." John Stuart Mill, "Utilitarianism." Part II: ISSUES IN APPLIED ETHICS. 4. Suicide and Euthanasia. Richard B. Brandt, "The Morality and Rationality of Suicide." Daniel Callahan, "When Self-Determination Runs Amok." Dan W. Block, "Voluntary Active Euthanasia." John Hardwig, "Is There a Duty to Die?" 5. Abortion. John T. Noonan, "An Almost Absolute Value in History." Mary Anne Warren, "The Moral Status of Abortion." Don Marquis, "An Argument that Abortion is Wrong." Judith Jarvis Thomson, "A Defense of Abortion." Rosalind Hursthouse, "Virtue Theory and Abortion." 6. Animals and Environmental Ethics. Peter Singer, "The Place of Nonhumans in Environmental Issues." Tibor R. Machan, "Do Animals Have Rights?" Christopher D. Stone, "Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights of Natural Objects." William F. Baxter, "People or Penguins." J. Baird Callicott, "The Search for an Environmental Ethic." Mylan J. Engel, Jr., "Why You are Committed to the Immorality of Eating Meat." 7. Sexuality and Intimate Relationships. Helen E. Longino, "Pornography, Oppression, and Freedom." Ellen Willis, "Feminism, Moralism, and Pornography." John Corvino, "Why Shouldn't Tommy and Jim Have Sex?" Michael Pakaluk, "Homosexuality and the Common Good." Mike W. Martin, "Adultery and Fidelity." Nicholas Dixon, "Alcohol and Rape." 8. Liberty, Paternalism, and Freedom of Expression. John Stuart Mill, "On Liberty." Gerald Dworkin, "Paternalism." Robert E. Goodin, "Permissible Paternalism: Saving Smokers from Themselves." David Boaz, "A Drug Free America or a Free America?" Charles R. Lawrence III, "If He Hollers Let Him Go: Regulating Racist Speech." 9. The Responsibilities of Citizens. Plato, "Crito." David Lyons, "Moral Judgment, Historical Reality, and Civil Disobedience." Loren Lomasky and Geoffrey Brennan, "Is There a Duty to Vote?" William A. Galston, "Some Arguments for Conscription." 10. Gun Control. Daniel D. Polsby, "The False Promise of Gun Control." Nicholas Dixon, "Handguns and Violent Crime." Michael Huemer, "Is There a Right to Own a Gun?" 11. Punishment. William H. Shaw, "Punishment and the Criminal Justice System." Ernest van den Haag, "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense." Jeffrey H. Reiman, "Justice, Civilization, and the Death Penalty." 12. War and Terrorism. R. M. Hare, "Loyalty and Obedience." Robert K. Fullinwider, "Terrorism, Innocence, and War." Michael Ignatieff, "Human Rights, the Laws of War, and Terrorism." Mark Bowden, "The Dark Art of Interrogation." 13. Affirmative Action and Discrimination. Richard A. Wasserstrom, "One Way to Understand and Defend Programs of Preferential Treatment." Louis P. Pojman, "The Case Against Affirmative Action." Luke Charles Harris and Uma Narayan, "Affirmative Action as Equalizing Opportunity." David Benatar, "The Second Sexism." 14. Economic Justice. Peter Singer, "Rich and Poor." Robert N. Van Wyk, "World Hunger and the Extent of Our Positive Duties." Ian Maitland, "The Great Non-Debate Over International Sweatshops." John Orlando, "The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing." John Isbister, "Welfare and Social Justice." D.W. Haslett, "Is Inheritance Justified?" 15. Ethics in Business. Michael J. Phillips, "The Inconclusive Case Against Manipulative Advertising." Thomas L. Carson, "The Ethics of Sales." Michael Davis, "Some Paradoxes of Whistleblowing." Joseph R. DesJardins and Ronald Duska, "Drug Testing in Employment."

Table of Contents

Preface	ix
Part I: Ethical Theory
1. An Introduction to Ethics
The Nature of Morality	2	(12)
Normative Theories of Ethics	14	(21)
2. Ethical Relativism
James Rachels, "The Challenge of Cultural Relativism"	35	(11)
3. Three Rival Ethical Perspectives
Aristotle, "Happiness, Function, and Virtue"	46	(7)
Immanuel Kant, "Good Will, Duty, and the Categorical Imperative"	53	(8)
John Stuart Mill, "Utilitarianism"	61	(9)
Part II: Issues in Applied Ethics
4. Suicide and Euthanasia
Richard B. Brandt, "The Morality and Rationality of Suicide"	70	(9)
Dan W. Brock, "Voluntary Active Euthanasia"	79	(10)
Daniel Callahan, "When Self-Determination Runs Amok"	89	(7)
John Hardwig, "Is There a Duty to Die?"	96	(9)
5. Abortion
John T. Noonan, Jr., "An Almost Absolute Value in History"	105	(5)
Mary Anne Warren, "The Moral Status of Abortion"	110	(9)
Don Marquis, "An Argument That Abortion Is Wrong"	119	(9)
Judith Jarvis Thomson, "A Defense of Abortion"	128	(11)
Rosalind Hursthouse, "Virtue Theory and Abortion"	139	(8)
6. Animals and Environmental Ethics
Peter Singer, "The Place of Nonhumans in Environmental Issues"	147	(7)
Tibor R. Machan, "Do Animals Have Rights?"	154	(7)
Christopher D. Stone, "Should Trees Have Standing? Toward Legal Rights for Natural Objects"	161	(5)
William F. Baxter, "People or Penguins"	166	(5)
J. Baird Callicott, "The Search for an Environmental Ethic"	171	(10)
Mylan Engel, Jr., "Why You Are Committed to the Immorality of Eating Meat"	181	(9)
7. Pornography and Sexual Morality
Helen E. Longino, "Pornography, Oppression, and Freedom"	190	(6)
Ellen Willis, "Feminism, Moralism, and Pornography"	196	(5)
Nicholas Dixon, "Alcohol and Rape"	201	(9)
John Corvino, "Why Shouldn't Tommy and Jim Have Sex?"	210	(9)
Michael Pakaluk, "Homosexuality and the Common Good"	219	(7)
Mike W. Martin, "Adultery and Fidelity"	226	(9)
8. Liberty, Paternalism, and Freedom of Expression
John Stuart Mill, "On Liberty"	235	(9)
Gerald Dworkin, "Paternalism"	244	(9)
Robert E. Goodin, "Permissible Paternalism: Saving Smokers from Themselves"	253	(7)
David Boaz, "A Drug-Free America-or a Free America?"	260	(7)
Charles R. Lawrence III, "If He Hollers Let Him Go: Regulating Racist Speech on Campus"	267	(9)
9. The Responsibilities of Citizens
Plato, "Crito"	276	(8)
David Lyons, "Moral Judgment, Historical Reality, and Civil Disobedience"	284	(9)
Loren E. Lomasky and Geoffrey Brennan, "Is There a Duty to Vote?"	293	(11)
William A. Galston, "Some Arguments for Conscription"	304	(8)
10. Gun Control
Daniel D. Polsby, "The False Promise of Gun Control"	312	(7)
Nicholas Dixon, "Handguns and Violent Crime"	319	(9)
Michael Huemer, "Is There a Right to Own a Gun?"	328	(8)
11. Punishment and the Death Penalty
William H. Shaw, "Punishment and the Criminal Justice System"	336	(8)
Ernest van den Haag, "The Ultimate Punishment: A Defense"	344	(6)
Jeffrey H. Reiman, "Justice, Civilization, and the Death Penalty"	350	(8)
U.S. Supreme Court, Atkins v. Virginia	358	(8)
12. War and Terrorism
Robert K. Fullinwider, "Terrorism, Innocence, and War"	366	(8)
Michael Ignatieff, "Human Rights, the Laws of War, and Terrorism"	374	(8)
Mark Bowden, "The Dark Art of Interrogation"	382	(9)
R.M. Hare, "Loyalty and Obedience"	391	(8)
13. Affirmative Action
Richard A. Wasserstrom, "One Way to Understand and Defend Programs of Preferential Treatment"	399	(7)
Louis P. Pojman, "The Case Against Affirmative Action"	406	(8)
T. Alexander Aleinikoff, "A Case for Race-Consciousness"	414	(9)
U.S. Supreme Court, "The University of Michigan Affirmative Action Cases"	423	(9)
14. Economic Justice
Peter Singer, "Rich and Poor"	432	(8)
Robert N. Van Wyk, "World Hunger and the Extent of Our Positive Duties"	440	(8)
Ian Maitland, "In Defense of International Sweatshops"	448	(9)
John Orlando, "The Ethics of Corporate Downsizing"	457	(9)
John Isbister, "Welfare and Social Justice"	466	(9)
D.W. Haslett, "Is Inheritance Justified?"	475	(9)
15. Ethics in Business
Michael J. Phillips, "The Inconclusive Ethical Case Against Manipulative Advertising"	484	(12)
Thomas L. Carson, "The Ethics of Sales"	496	(9)
Michael Davis, "Some Paradoxes of Whistleblowing"	505	(9)
Joseph R. DesJardins and Ronald Duska, "Drug Testing in Employment"	514	(7)
For Further Reading	521