Sport Ethics: Applications for Fair Play

by Lumpkin, Angela; Stoll, Sharon Kay; Beller, Jennifer

• ISBN13: 9780072462098
• ISBN10: 0072462094
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-07-01
• Publisher: MCGRAW

Summary

This text challenges students to examine how to respond to moral issues and dilemmas in sport. The book includes philosophic theory that has proven effective in the moral development of athletes. The theory is balanced with applications and thought-provoking questions. Each chapter provides a historical and sociological perspective on the issues facing youth, interscholastic, intercollegiate, Olympic, and professional sport.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. v
Theoretical Framework for Moral Reasoning	p. 1
The Process of Moral Reasoning	p. 3
Everyday Ethical Problems in Sport	p. 5
Is This a Scenario about Moral Values? Why?	p. 7
A Certain Perspective	p. 9
Impartiality	p. 9
Consistency	p. 10
Reflection	p. 11
Summary	p. 17
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 17
Values, Principles, and You	p. 21
Making Choices	p. 21
What Is an Ethical Dilemma?	p. 21
Selecting Values	p. 23
Moral Values	p. 26
Selecting Four Values	p. 27
Justice: Moral Value One	p. 28
Honesty: Moral Value Two	p. 29
Responsibility: Moral Value Three	p. 29
Beneficence: Moral Value Four	p. 29
Writing Principles	p. 30
Justice: Principle One--Do Not Be Unfair	p. 31
Honesty: Principle Two--Do Not Lie, Cheat, or Steal	p. 31
Responsibility: Principle Three--Do Not Be Irresponsible	p. 31
Beneficence: Principle Four--Do Not Be Uncivil	p. 31
Questioning a Principle	p. 31
Colliding Values in Everyday Life	p. 33
The Problem with Principles--Never Tell a Lie	p. 34
A Principle and Its Demands	p. 35
A Scenario about Cheating	p. 36
Summary	p. 37
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 39
Application and Strategy: Thinking about the Game Plan	p. 41
Steps in Thinking Through a Moral Problem	p. 43
Are Any Moral Principles Violated?	p. 43
Are Any Moral Rules Violated?	p. 43
Is This Case an Exception?	p. 43
Are the Rules Justified?	p. 44
How Can the Rules Be Changed?	p. 45
Obstacles and Fallacies in Reasoning	p. 46
Skepticism	p. 46
Cultural and Relative Ethics	p. 47
Dogmatism	p. 47
False Obstruction of Theory and Practice	p. 47
Other Obstacles: Fallacies in Reasoning	p. 47
The Fallacy of Authority	p. 47
Ad Hominem Arguments	p. 47
Misplaced and Improperly Placed Authority	p. 48
The Appeal to Force	p. 48
The Appeal to Pity and Ridicule	p. 48
Begging the Question	p. 48
Equivocation	p. 48
Psychological Obstacles	p. 48
A Final Comment on Courage	p. 48
Summary	p. 49
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 50
Application of Moral Reasoning to Sport	p. 53
Intimidation, Competition, and Sportsmanship	p. 55
Intimidation and Its Role in Competition	p. 55
Defining Intimidation	p. 55
Coaching Intimidation: Purposeful	p. 56
Coaching Intimidation: Nonpurposeful	p. 57
Intimidation from the Player's Point of View	p. 57
Intimidation by the Athlete: Purposeful	p. 59
Physical Intimidation: Purposeful	p. 60
Nonpurposeful Psychological and Physiological Intimidation	p. 61
Physical Intimidation: Nonpurposeful	p. 62
External Forms of Intimidation	p. 63
Summary	p. 63
Issues and dilemmas	p. 64
Violence in Sport	p. 67
Types and Purposes of Rules	p. 68
Constitutive Rules	p. 68
Proscriptive Rules	p. 68
Sportsmanship Rules	p. 69
Ethical Conduct or Not	p. 70
Is Winning the Only Thing?	p. 70
Categorical Imperatives	p. 72
How Violence Affects Sport	p. 72
Why Violence Exists	p. 72
Why Violent Behavior Is Taught	p. 73
Why Violence Is Condoned	p. 74
Why and How Violence Is Rewarded	p. 75
The Impact of Violence on Sport	p. 75
Recommendations	p. 76
Summary	p. 78
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 78
Eligibility in Sport	p. 85
Historical and Sociological Perspectives	p. 85
Youth Sport	p. 86
Interscholastic Sport	p. 87
Intercollegiate Sport	p. 89
Olympic Sport	p. 95
Eligibility and Moral Reasoning	p. 96
Ethical Dilemmas Regarding Eligibility	p. 97
Summary	p. 100
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 101
Sport Elimination	p. 109
Competitive Athletics Are Not For Everyone	p. 109
Factors Leading to Sport Dropout	p. 111
Lack of Skills	p. 111
Not Fun Anymore	p. 115
Pressures to Win	p. 118
Sport Burnout	p. 121
Physical Burnout	p. 121
Psychological Burnout	p. 124
Social Burnout	p. 126
Summary	p. 127
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 128
Commercialized Sport	p. 137
Sport for Public Relations and Promotions	p. 139
Youth Sport	p. 139
Interscholastic Sport	p. 140
Intercollegiate Sport	p. 141
Professional Sport	p. 143
Commercialized Sport as a Business	p. 144
Youth Sport and Interscholastic Sport	p. 145
Intercollegiate Sport	p. 145
Professional Sport	p. 147
Sport as Entertainment	p. 147
Youth and Interscholastic Sport	p. 147
Intercollegiate Sport	p. 148
Professional Sport	p. 148
Sport as a Transmitter of Economic Values	p. 150
Economic Concerns and Rule Violations	p. 150
Youth Sport	p. 150
Intercollegiate Sport	p. 150
Ethical Dilemmas Relative to Commercialization	p. 153
Summary	p. 155
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 156
Racial Equity: African Americans in Sport	p. 163
Historical Perspective of Racial Inequity in Sport	p. 164
From Exclusion to Opportunities Limited by Economic Realities	p. 164
School Segregation Gives Way to Integration	p. 165
Integration of Intercollegiate Sport	p. 165
Professional Sport	p. 167
Societal Attitudes	p. 167
Are Organizational Policies Affecting African Americans Disproportionately?	p. 169
Role Models	p. 169
Stacking and a Quota System	p. 170
African American Athletes as Portrayed in the Media	p. 171
Dispelling Myths	p. 171
Recommendations	p. 173
Summary	p. 173
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 175
Gender Equity in Sport	p. 183
Historical Perspectives	p. 183
Gender Inequity in Sport	p. 184
Limited Opportunities	p. 185
Governing Organizations and Policies for Women's Intercollegiate Athletics	p. 186
Title IX	p. 186
Outcomes of Change	p. 188
Interscholastic Sport Changes for Girls	p. 188
Societal Attitudes	p. 190
Continuing Questions	p. 192
Moral Education	p. 194
Summary	p. 195
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 196
Application of Moral Reasoning in Other Physical Activity Settings	p. 205
Ergogenic Aids for Sport Performance	p. 207
Use of Ergogenic Aids	p. 208
Stimulants	p. 208
Depressants	p. 210
Anabolic Steroids	p. 210
Human Growth Hormone	p. 212
Blood Doping	p. 213
Beta-Blockers	p. 213
The Dilemmas of Drug Testing	p. 214
Opposition to Drug Testing	p. 214
Thwarting Drug Testing	p. 215
Justifications for Drug Testing	p. 215
Educating against Drug Use in Sport	p. 215
Other Related Issues	p. 216
Taking Ergogenic Aids that May Cause Health Problems	p. 216
Using Ergogenic Aids for Weight Gain and Loss	p. 217
Possible Changes in How Drugs Are Viewed in Sport	p. 217
Summary	p. 218
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 219
Ethical Considerations of Technology in Sport	p. 227
A Sporting Challenge	p. 229
An Alternative Argument	p. 230
Direct Harm	p. 231
Technology in a Bottle	p. 232
Summary: The Fine Line	p. 232
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 234
Sport Science, Physical Education, and Research	p. 239
Professional Responsibility in the Workplace	p. 239
Professional Responsibility as Part of Our Social and Ethical Responsibilities to Society	p. 240
Understanding Professional Responsibility	p. 241
Sport Science Example	p. 241
Discussion	p. 242
A Question of Professional Loyalty	p. 243
Being a Professional and Its Relationship to Professional Ethics	p. 244
Codes of Ethics	p. 244
Codes of Ethics in Physical Education	p. 246
Codes of Ethics in Sport Science and Research	p. 246
Human Subjects Review Boards in Research	p. 247
Informed Consent in Research	p. 248
Summary	p. 249
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 250
Epilogue: Morality in Sport	p. 255
Moral Reasoning: A Review	p. 255
Moral and Nonmoral Values: A Review	p. 256
Moral Reasoning in Relation to Sport and Social Issues: A Review	p. 257
Moral Reasoning In Relation to the Sport Science Discipline: A Review	p. 258
Issues and Dilemmas	p. 259
A Look to the Future	p. 262
Glossary	p. 265
Index	p. 270
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