Our goal was to produce a book that provides a wide variety of suggestions for instructional practice that is consistent with our beliefs in effective teaching techniques. We have tried very hard to include only those recommendations that have been validated through research and that teachers tend to regard as practical. This task has not been easy because of the multitude of ideas now in the literature. Rather than offer a comprehensive review of these ideas, we have sifted through them in a search for those that have proved both practical and effective.