Terrorism in the Twenty-First Century

by Combs, Cindy C.

• ISBN13: 9780130208873
• ISBN10: 0130208876
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-09-01
• Publisher: Taylor & Francis

Summary

For undergraduate-level courses in Political Violence, Terrorism, and Criminal Justice. Unbiased in perspective, this text 1) examines the known facets of contemporary terrorismexplaining what terrorism is, who carries it out, how terrorist acts are committed, 2) analyzes the laws and special forces which nations within the international community have created to meet this challenge, and 3) predicts forthcoming patterns of terrorism in the new century. Post Cold War in focus and written specifically for undergraduate students, it helps them evaluate the dimensions of the problems presented by contemporary terrorism, and challenges them to develop solutions.

Table of Contents

Preface	ix	(2)
Acknowledgments	xi
Introduction	1	(2)
1 An Idea Whose Time Has Come?	3	(15)
Modern Definitions of an Old Concept	5	(2)
Crucial Components of Terrorism	7	(5)
Typologies of Terrorism: Useful Tools	12	(2)
Tactics and Labels	14	(1)
Conclusion	15	(1)
Evaluation	16	(2)
2 Not a Modern Phenomenon	18	(14)
Tyrannicide: "To Go Too Fast"	19	(2)
State Terrorism: France's Reign of Terror	21	(1)
Guerrilla Warfare: Selective Violence	22	(2)
Cyclical Nature of Terror	24	(3)
Contemporary Events, Historical Roots	27	(2)
Evaluation	29	(3)
3 Ideology and Terrorism: Rights from Wrongs?	32	(16)
The Rationalization of Violence	33	(2)
Rebellion and the Right of Self-Determination	35	(4)
Terrorist Beliefs and Images	39	(2)
Causes of the Left and Right	41	(3)
Conclusion	44	(1)
Evaluation	45	(3)
4 Criminals or Crusaders?	48	(18)
Profile of a Terrorist	48	(3)
Can We Generalize about a "Typical" Terrorist?	51	(6)
Terrorism Is Different Today	57	(2)
Trends in Terrorist Recruitment and Membership	59	(4)
Case Study: Abu Nidal	63	(1)
Evaluation	64	(2)
5 Terrorism by the State	66	(21)
Internal Terrorism: The Beast That Lurks Within	66	(5)
How Real Is State Terrorism?	71	(2)
Terrorism as an Instrument of Foreign Policy	73	(1)
Waging War by Proxy: Surrogate Terrorism	74	(2)
Reluctant Bedfellows: The Arms Bazaar	76	(1)
Silent Partners: Syria, Iran, Libya, and Sudan Wage Subtle War	77	(6)
Conclusion	83	(1)
Evaluation	84	(3)
6 Terrorism, Inc.	87	(18)
Networking	87	(2)
Shared Strategic Planning	89	(1)
Terrorism Is Big Business	90	(1)
Case Study 1: Libyan Protector	91	(2)
Case Study 2: Iranian Fedayeen	93	(2)
NORAID: The U.S. Terror Connection	95	(1)
Training and Equipping the Terrorists	96	(2)
The Internationalization of Terrorism: An RAF Case Study	98	(1)
Narcoterrorism	99	(1)
Conclusion	100	(2)
Evaluation	102	(3)
7 How Do They Operate?	105	(22)
Training Sites	106	(2)
Training Topics: What Do They Learn at Camp?	108	(3)
Case Study: OPEC Kidnapping in Vienna	111	(1)
Potential for Destruction: The Terrorist's Arsenal	112	(2)
"Science Fiction" Weapons	114	(5)
Terrorist Tactics	119	(6)
Evaluation	125	(2)
8 The Media: A Weapon for Both Sides?	127	(22)
Legal Issues of the Right of Access	129	(2)
Censorship: The Ugly Word	131	(4)
Complicity: A Very Serious Charge	135	(4)
Terrorist Goals Regarding Media	139	(2)
Government Goals with Respect to Media	141	(2)
Media Goals in Terrorist Events	143	(1)
Conclusion	144	(2)
Evaluation	146	(3)
9 Legal Perspectives on Terrorism	149	(18)
Laws of War	152	(4)
Pivacy of Air and Sea	156	(3)
Protection of Diplomatic Personnel and Heads of State	159	(1)
Summary: Protection of the Innocent against Specific Crimes	160	(2)
Terrorism: A Political Crime?	162	(1)
Evaluation	163	(4)
10 Counterterrorism: The Use of Special Forces	167	(13)
Nations without Defenses	168	(1)
Strike Forces: A First Line of Defense?	169	(8)
Conclusion	177	(1)
Evaluation	178	(2)
11 Terrorism, Intelligence, and the Law	180	(18)
Legal Initiatives to Counter Terrorism	180	(1)
Canada's Legal War with the FLQ	181	(1)
The "Temporary" British Problem in Northern Ireland	182	(2)
Germany's "Moderate" Legislation	184	(1)
Italy and the "Penititi"	185	(2)
Investigation: The Intelligence Initiative	187	(3)
Case Studies: Government Use of Intelligence/Investigation	190	(4)
Intelligence Gathering and Counterintelligence by Terrorists	194	(1)
Conclusion	195	(1)
Evaluation	195	(3)
12 Security Measures: A Frail Defense	198	(16)
Three Facets of Security	199	(2)
Case Study: Airport Security in the United States	201	(2)
The Costs of Security	203	(2)
Case Study: Protecting Public Transportation	205	(2)
Preventive Security	207	(1)
Case Study: Who Arms Iran?	207	(2)
Threat Assessment: How Do You Know When You Are at Risk?	209	(1)
Conclusion	210	(1)
Evaluation	211	(3)
13 Future Trends	214	(18)
Banality and Terror	214	(2)
Trends in Terrorism	216	(1)
Case Study: Right-Wing Terrorism in the United States	217	(2)
A Generational Difference	219	(1)
The Use of "Unthinkable" Weapons	220	(1)
Graphic Evidence	221	(8)
Conclusion	229	(1)
Evaluation	230	(2)
Index	232