Transportation Infrastructure Security Utilizing Intelligent Transportation Systems

by Fries, Ryan; Chowdhury, Mashrur; Brummond, Jeffrey

• ISBN13: 9780470286296
• ISBN10: 0470286296
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-11-10
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

When integrated into the transportation system infrastructure, and in vehicles themselves, Intelligent Transportation Systems, or ITS, help monitor and manage traffic flow, reduce congestion, provide alternate routes to travelers, enhance productivity, and save lives, time, and money. Here is the first comprehensive treatment of techniques to leverage ITS in support of security and safety for surface transportation infrastructure. Case studies of current ITS approaches to security issues such as freight security, disaster and evacuation response, HAZMAT incidents, rail security, and ITS Wide Area Alerts show the reader how to design, model, and implement a variety of projects.

Author Biography

Ryan Fries is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, Illinois. MASHRUR CHOWDHURY is an Associate Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina. JEFFREY BRUMMOND is Principal Systems Architect at Iteris.

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xvii
Introduction	p. 1
Concept of Security	p. 1
Transportation and Security	p. 4
Security in the ITS Context	p. 6
Scope and Audience of the Book	p. 10
Content and Organization	p. 11
References	p. 12
Review Questions	p. 13
Need for Surface Transportation Infrastructure Security	p. 14
Vulnerabilities	p. 14
Common Characteristics of Surface Transportation Systems	p. 16
Common Threats to Surface Transportation Systems	p. 17
Earthquakes	p. 17
Fires	p. 18
Terrorist Attacks	p. 18
HAZMAT	p. 19
Blackouts	p. 20
Hurricanes	p. 20
Floods	p. 21
Biological and Chemical Attacks	p. 22
Derailment	p. 23
Cyber Attacks	p. 23
Defending against Threats Both External and Internal	p. 24
Why Transportation Infrastructure Security Is Important	p. 26
Focus Areas	p. 27
Summary	p. 28
References	p. 28
Review Questions	p. 30
Leveraging its to Reduce Risk and Exposure Using its Security Areas	p. 31
Introduction	p. 31
Disaster Response and Evacuation	p. 35
Freight and Commercial Vehicle Security	p. 40
HAZMAT Security	p. 44
ITS Wide Area Alert	p. 47
Rail Security	p. 49
Transit Security	p. 50
Transportation Infrastructure Security	p. 54
Traveler Security	p. 57
Conclusions	p. 58
References	p. 59
Review Questions	p. 59
Risk Assessment Framework	p. 60
Risk Assessment Framework	p. 61
Critical Assets	p. 64
Risks Assessment Methods	p. 64
Mitigation and Countermeasures	p. 70
Selection of Options	p. 71
Opportunities and Challenges	p. 72
Application of the Framework	p. 72
References	p. 72
Review Questions	p. 73
Application of Risk Assessment and Management Tools	p. 74
Application of Risk Assessment Methods	p. 74
Blue Ribbon Panel Method	p. 74
Fault-Tree Analysis	p. 84
Weibull Hazards Model Example	p. 93
Application of Evacuation Models and Traffic Models for Response Planning	p. 94
Application of Other Methods	p. 99
References	p. 99
Review Questions	p. 100
Fundamentals of Computer Network Security for Its	p. 102
Introduction	p. 102
Elements of Computer Network Security	p. 103
Importance of Computer Network Security	p. 104
Approach to Computer Network Security	p. 104
Policy	p. 105
Current State	p. 106
Security Requirements	p. 106
Recommended Controls	p. 106
Accountability	p. 107
Timetable	p. 107
Continuing Attention	p. 108
Computer Network Security in ITS	p. 108
Network Security Objectives	p. 108
Confidentiality	p. 109
Authentication	p. 112
Message Integrity and Nonrepudiation	p. 113
Availability	p. 114
Access Control	p. 116
Future of Network Security and Its Impacts on Securing ITS Network	p. 117
References	p. 117
Review Questions	p. 118
Securing Its	p. 120
Introduction	p. 120
Security Objectives	p. 123
Confidentality	p. 123
Integrity	p. 123
Availability	p. 123
Security Threats	p. 124
Deception	p. 124
Disruption	p. 124
Usurpation	p. 124
(Unauthorized) Disclosure	p. 124
Security Services	p. 125
Information Security	p. 125
ITS Personnel Security	p. 125
Operational Security	p. 126
Security Management	p. 126
Securing ITS Subsystems	p. 127
Securing Communications between Subsystems	p. 128
Security and ITS Standards	p. 133
National Transportation Communications for ITS Protocol	p. 133
Traffic Management Data Dictionary and Message Sets	p. 137
Commercial Vehicle Information Systems and Networks	p. 137
Archived Data	p. 139
Dedicated Short Range Communications	p. 139
Incident Management	p. 140
Transit Communications Interface Profiles	p. 140
Advanced Traveler Information Systems	p. 142
Conclusions	p. 143
References	p. 143
Review Questions	p. 144
Its Security Areas and Multimodal Transportation Security	p. 146
Protecting People	p. 146
Airports	p. 146
Public Transit	p. 149
Perception of Security	p. 153
Protecting Vehicles and Infrastructure	p. 154
Airports	p. 154
Public Transit	p. 156
Rail Vehicles and Infrastructure	p. 159
Ships and Ports	p. 160
Protecting Freight	p. 162
Containers	p. 162
HAZMAT	p. 164
Liquids	p. 165
Military Freight	p. 165
The Future	p. 166
References	p. 167
Review Questions	p. 169
Process for Developing a Regional Transportation Security Plan	p. 171
Introduction	p. 171
Developing a Regional Transportation Security Architecture	p. 173
Security in a Regional ITS Architecture Development Process	p. 174
Developing a Regional Transportation Security Architecture	p. 181
Developing a Project Security Plan	p. 183
Conclusion	p. 186
References	p. 186
Review Questions	p. 187
Issues and Opportunites for Transportation Infrastructure Security	p. 188
ITS Security versus Privacy	p. 188
Public and Private Roles	p. 189
Stakeholder Cooperation and Coordination Requirements	p. 192
Information Sharing	p. 193
Resource Sharing Agreements	p. 194
Funding Sources and Constraints	p. 195
Human Resources	p. 195
Future Directions and Opportunities	p. 196
References	p. 197
Review Questions	p. 198
National Its Architecture Subsystem Security Descriptions	p. 199
Securing Architecture Flows	p. 211
Usdot Fhwa Final Rule	p. 237
Usdot Fta Policy on Transit Projects	p. 261
Weibull Distribution Support	p. 274
Index	p. 277
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