Understanding Architecture : Its Elements, History, and Meaning,9780813390451

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Understanding Architecture : Its Elements, History, and Meaning

by Roth, Leland M.

Edition:

2nd

ISBN13:

9780813390451

ISBN10:

0813390451

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

7/25/2006

Publisher(s):

Perseus Books

Other versions by this Author

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Summary

"Understanding Architecture continues to be the only text in the field to examine architecture, as a cultural phenomenon as well as an artistic and technological achievement. Authoritative and clearly written, this is the definitive text for the survey of Western architecture course and an insightful visual guide for the general reader."--BOOK JACKET.

Author Biography

Leland M. Roth is Marion Dean Ross Professor of Architectural History at the University of Oregon at Eugene. He is the author of American Architecture: A History; A Concise History of American Architecture; McKim, Mead & White, Architects; and other works. He lives in Eugene, Oregon.

List of Illustrations

Preface to the Second Edition

xxxiii

Introduction: Architecture, the Unavoidable Art

(8)

Part I The Elements of Architecture

1 "Commoditie": How Does the Building Function?

(14)

Function,

(13)

2 "Firmeness": Structure, or How Does the Building Stand Up?

(30)

The Elements of Structure: The Post and Lintel,

(2)

The Classical Orders,

(2)

Structural Frames,

(1)

The Arch,

(2)

Vaults,

(1)

Domes,

(6)

Trusses,

(1)

Space Frames and Geodesic Domes,

(1)

Shells,

(3)

Suspension Structures,

(7)

Building Technology and Risk,

(1)

Structure As Cultural Expression,

(3)

3 "Delight": Space in Architecture

(12)

4 "Delight": Seeing Architecture

(36)

Visual Perception,

(4)

Proportion,

(4)

Scale,

(1)

Rhythm,

(4)

Texture,

(5)

Light,

(1)

Color,

(3)

Ugliness,

(1)

Ornament,

(13)

5 "Delight": Architectural Acoustics, Shape, and Sound

103

(16)

6 The Architect: From High Priest to Profession

119

(18)

7 Architecture: Part of the Natural Environment

137

(16)

8 Architecture, Memory, and Economics

153

(3)

Chronological Table

156

(3)

Part II The History and Meaning of Architecture

9 The Beginnings of Architecture: From Caves to Cities

159

(22)

Early Hominids,

160

(2)

Neanderthals and Homo sapiens,

162

(4)

Neolithic Dwellings and Structures,

166

(8)

Bronze Age Europe,

174

(3)

The Invention of Architecture,

177

(4)

10 The Architecture of Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt

181

(34)

Mesopotamia: The Land Between the Rivers,

181

(7)

Egypt: The Gift of the Nile,

188

(1)

The Landscape of Egypt,

188

(2)

The Culture of Egypt,

190

(3)

Egyptian History,

193

(1)

Egyptian Funerary Architecture,

194

(7)

Egyptian Tombs,

201

(2)

The Temple of Amon at Karnak and Other Egyptian Temples,

203

(4)

Egyptian Villages and Houses,

207

(2)

Late Egyptian Architecture,

209

(1)

An Architecture for Eternity,

210

(5)

11 Greek Architecture

215

(32)

The Geography of Greece,

215

(2)

Minoan and Mycenaean Greece,

217

(3)

The Greek Character,

220

(1)

The Greek Polk,

221

(1)

Greek City Planning,

222

(4)

Domestic Architecture,

226

(1)

Public Buildings,

226

(3)

The Greek Temple,

229

(11)

Hellenistic Architecture,

240

(2)

An Architecture of Excellence,

242

(5)

12 Roman Architecture

247

(28)

Roman History,

247

(2)

The Roman Character,

249

(1)

Roman Religion and the Roman Temple,

250

(1)

Roman Urban Planning,

251

(4)

The Enclosure and Manipulation of Space,

255

(7)

Domestic Architecture,

262

(2)

Public Buildings,

264

(6)

Later Roman "Baroque" Architecture,

270

(1)

An Architecture of Universality,

271

(4)

13 Early Christian and Byzantine Architecture

275

(26)

The Transformation of the Roman Empire,

275

(3)

Early Christian Architecture,

278

(8)

The Movement of Peoples,

286

(2)

Monasticism,

288

(1)

Byzantine Architecture,

288

(9)

The Architecture of Islam,

297

(1)

An Architecture of Heaven,

298

(3)

14 Medieval Architecture

301

(52)

The Early Middle Ages,

302

(21)

The High Middle Ages: Gothic Architecture,

323

(30)

15 Renaissance Architecture

353

(44)

Italy in the Fifteenth Century,

354

(1)

The Renaissance Patron,

355

(1)

Humanism,

355

(2)

Roman Building Scale Reachieved: Brunelleschi's Dome,

357

(1)

Vitruvius and Ideal Form,

358

(4)

Brunelleschi and Rationally Ordered Space,

362

(3)

Idealized Forms and the Centrally Planned Church,

365

(2)

Alberti's Latin Cross Churches,

367

(5)

Bramante and the New Saint Peter's, Rome,

372

(4)

Residential Architecture: Merchant Prince Palaces,

376

(5)

Mannerism: Renaissance Perfection in Play,

381

(1)

The Palazzo del Te,

382

(4)

Late Italian Renaissance Gardens,

386

(3)

The Renaissance Exported,

389

(2)

An Architecture of Humanist Ideals,

391

(6)

16 Baroque and Rococo Architecture

397

(42)

An Architecture for the Senses,

398

(2)

Baroque Churches in Rome,

400

(2)

An Architecture of Emotional Power,

402

(4)

The Central Plan Modified: Bernini's Churches,

406

(3)

Borromini's Churches,

409

(3)

Guarini's Churches,

412

(2)

Baroque Scale,

414

(1)

French Baroque: Versailles,

415

(5)

English Baroque,

420

(4)

The Baroque Staircase,

424

(5)

Rococo Architecture: The End of the Baroque,

429

(6)

An Architecture of Artifice,

435

(4)

17 The Origins of Modernism: Architecture in the Age of Enlightenment, 1720-1790

439

(30)

The Emergence of Art and Architectural History,

443

(3)

A Rational Architecture: Sainte-Geneviève, Paris,

446

(1)

"Speaking Architecture,"

447

(4)

Designing the City,

451

(1)

The English Garden: "Consult the Genius of the Place,"

452

(6)

Eclecticism and the Architecture of Revolutions,

458

(4)

The Industrial Revolution,

462

(3)

An Architecture of Rationality,

465

(4)

18 The Development of Modernism: The Nineteenth Century

469

(50)

Eclecticism,

469

(3)

Neoclassicism,

472

(3)

The Gothic Revival,

475

(6)

Egyptian Revival,

481

(1)

Creative Eclecticism,

482

(4)

The Architecture of the New Industrialism,

486

(5)

Industry and Urban Growth,

491

(1)

Reaction to the Machine,

492

(5)

Academic Eclecticism and the École des Beaux-Arts,

497

(12)

The Rise of National Vernaculars,

509

(2)

An Architecture of Its Own Time,

511

(8)

19 Versions of Modern Architecture, 1914-1970

519

(48)

Modernism: Phase One, 1914-1945,

519

(1)

Functional Utilitarianism and the Rise of International Modernism,

520

(15)

A Counter Architecture to Rationalism: German Expressionism in the 1920's,

535

(2)

Modernism: Phase Two, 1945-1970,

537

(2)

To Speak or Not to Speak: Diverse Modernisms,

539

(20)

An Architecture of Perfect Function: Success or Failure?

559

(8)

20 Late-Twentieth-Century Architecture: Postmodernism

567

(50)

Late Modernism,

569

(5)

High Tech,

574

(3)

Megastructures,

577

(3)

The International Architect,

580

(1)

Ironic Classicism,

580

(4)

Populist Modernism,

584

(2)

Latent Classicism,

586

(1)

Fundamental or Essentialist Classicism,

587

(1)

Canonic Classicism,

588

(4)

Creative Postmodern Traditionalism,

592

(6)

Neoexpressionism,

598

(2)

Deconstructivism,

600

(2)

Critical Regionalism,

602

(5)

Community,

607

(1)

Green or Sustainable Architecture,

608

(9)

Glossary

617

(18)

Index

635

Understanding Architecture : Its Elements, History, and Meaning

9780813390451

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents