Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 11th Edition, Comprehensive

by Morley,Deborah

Edition:

11th

ISBN13:

9781418860554

ISBN10:

1418860557

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

3/8/2006

Publisher(s):

Course Technology

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Summary

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow gives a classic, well-rounded introduction to computer concepts with a modern twist! Known for its readability and breadth of topics covered, this book will ensure that you have the comprehensive, current knowledge of computer concepts and issues needed to succeed in our technocentric society. This 11th Edition offers exciting new features and updates to make its content more approachable and meaningful.

Preface

iii

MODULE Introduction 2

Introduction to the World of Computers

(48)

Overview

(1)

Computers in Your Life

(5)

Why Learn About Computers?

(1)

Computers in the Home

(1)

Computers in Education

(1)

Computers in the Workplace

(2)

Computers on the Go

(1)

What Is a Computer and What Does It Do?

(9)

Data vs. Information

(1)

Computers Then and Now

(3)

Hardware

(1)

Software

(3)

Computer Users and Professionals

(1)

Computers to Fit Every Need

(10)

Mobile Devices

(1)

Personal Computers

(7)

Midrange Servers

(1)

Mainframe Computers

(1)

Supercomputers

(2)

Computer Networks and the Internet

(8)

What Are the Internet and the World Wide Web?

(1)

Accessing a Network or the Internet

(4)

Surfing the Web

(1)

Searching the Web

(1)

E-Mail

(1)

Computers and Society

(14)

Benefits of a Computer-Oriented Society

(1)

Risks of a Computer-Oriented Society

(1)

Differences in Online Communications

(1)

The Anonymity Factor

(1)

Information Integrity

(1)

Summary

(2)

Review Activities

(2)

Projects

(3)

Web Activities

(1)

Expert Insight on Personal Computers

(2)

MODULE Hardware

(128)

The System Unit: Processing and Memory

(42)

Overview

(1)

Data and Program Representation

(7)

Digital Data Representation

(1)

Representing Numerical Data: The Binary Numbering System

(1)

Coding Systems for Text-Based Data

(1)

Coding Systems for Other Types of Data

(3)

Representing Programs: Machine Language

(1)

Inside the System Unit

(13)

The Motherboard

(1)

The CPU

(4)

Memory

(2)

Fans, Heat Sinks, and Other Cooling Components

(1)

Expansion Slots and Cards

(1)

Buses

(2)

Ports

(3)

How the CPU Works

(6)

Typical CPU Components

(3)

The System Clock and the Machine Cycle

(3)

Making Computers Faster and Better Now and in the Future

(15)

Improving the Performance of Your System Today

(2)

Strategies for Making Faster and Better Computers

(3)

Future Trends

(2)

Summary

(2)

Review Activities

(2)

Projects

(3)

Web Activities

(1)

Storage

(36)

Overview

(1)

Storage Systems Characteristics

(3)

Storage Devices and Storage Media

(1)

Volatility

(1)

Random vs. Sequential Access

(1)

Logical vs. Physical Representation

(1)

Magnetic Disks vs. Optical Discs

100

(1)

Magnetic Disk Systems

100

(9)

Floppy Disks and Drives

100

(2)

Hard Disk Drives

102

(6)

High-Capacity Removable Magnetic Disks and Cartridges

108

(109)

Optical Disc Systems

109

(5)

Read-Only Discs: CD-ROM and DVD-ROM Discs

110

(2)

Recordable Discs: CD-R, DVD-R, DVD+R, and DVD+R DL Discs

112

(1)

Rewritable Discs: CD-RW, DVD-RW, DVD+RW, DVD-RAM, and Blue Laser Discs

112

(2)

Flash Memory Systems

114

(3)

Flash Memory Media

115

(1)

Flash Memory Drives

116

(1)

Other Types of Storage Systems

117

(5)

Remote Storage Systems

117

(2)

Smart Cards

119

(1)

Holographic Storage

120

(1)

Storage Systems for Large Computer Systems and Networks

120

(2)

Magnetic Tape Systems

122

(1)

Comparing Storage Alternatives

122

(10)

Summary

124

(2)

Review Activities

126

(2)

Projects

128

(3)

Web Activities

131

(1)

Input and Output

132

(48)

Overview

133

(1)

Keyboards

133

(2)

Pointing Devices

135

(6)

The Mouse

135

(2)

Electronic Pens

137

(2)

Touch Screens

139

(1)

Other Pointing Devices

139

(2)

Scanners, Readers, and Digital Cameras

141

(11)

Scanners

141

(3)

Readers

144

(5)

Digital Cameras

149

(3)

Audio Input

152

(2)

Voice Input Systems

152

(1)

Music Input Systems

153

(1)

Display Devices

154

(9)

Display Device Characteristics

154

(6)

Flat-Panel Display Technologies

160

(2)

Data and Multimedia Projectors

162

(1)

Printers

163

(5)

Printer Characteristics

163

(2)

Laser Printers

165

(1)

Ink-Jet Printers

165

(1)

Special-Purpose Printers

166

(2)

Multifunction Devices

168

(1)

Audio Output

168

(12)

Summary

170

(2)

Review Activities

172

(2)

Projects

174

(3)

Web Activities

177

(1)

Expert Insight on Hardware

178

(2)

MODULE Software

180

(84)

System Software: Operating Systems and Utility Programs

182

(38)

Overview

183

(1)

System Software vs. Application Software

183

(1)

The Operating System

184

(10)

Functions of an Operating System

185

(3)

Processing Techniques for Increased Efficiency

188

(3)

Differences Among Operating Systems

191

(3)

Operating Systems for Desktop PCs and Servers

194

(7)

DOS

194

(1)

Windows

194

(4)

Mac OS

198

(1)

UNIX

199

(1)

Linux

199

(2)

NetWare

201

(1)

Solaris

201

(1)

Operating Systems for Handheld PCs and Mobile Devices

201

(3)

Embedded and Mobile Versions of Windows

201

(2)

Palm OS

203

(1)

Embedded Linux

203

(1)

Symbian OS

204

(1)

Operating Systems for Larger Computers

204

(1)

Utility Programs

204

(7)

File Management Programs

206

(2)

Search Tools

208

(1)

Diagnostic and Disk Management Programs

208

(1)

File Compression Programs

208

(1)

Uninstall Utilities

209

(1)

Backup and Recovery Utilities

210

(1)

Antivirus, Antispyware, Firewalls, and Other Security Programs

210

(1)

The Future of Operating Systems

211

(9)

Summary

212

(2)

Review Activities

214

(2)

Projects

216

(3)

Web Activities

219

(1)

Application Software

220

(44)

Overview

221

(1)

The Basics of Application Software

221

(11)

Software Ownership Rights

221

(3)

Installed vs. Web-Based Software

224

(3)

Software Suites

227

(1)

Desktop vs. Mobile Software

228

(1)

Common Software Commands

229

(3)

Word Processing Concepts

232

(4)

What Is Word Processing?

232

(1)

Creating a Word Processing Document

233

(1)

Tables, Graphics, and Templates

234

(1)

Word Processing and the Web

235

(1)

Spreadsheet Concepts

236

(3)

What Is a Spreadsheet?

236

(1)

Creating a Spreadsheet

236

(3)

Charts and What-If Analysis

239

(1)

Spreadsheets and the Web

239

(1)

Database Concepts

239

(4)

What Is a Database

240

(1)

Creating a Database

241

(1)

Queries and Reports

242

(1)

Databases and the Web

243

(1)

Presentation Graphics Concepts

243

(3)

What Is a Presentation Graphic?

243

(1)

Creating a Presentation

244

(1)

Finishing a Presentation

245

(1)

Presentation Graphics and the Web

246

(1)

Graphics and Multimedia Concepts

246

(5)

Graphics Software

246

(2)

Audio Editing Software

248

(1)

Video Editing and DVD Authoring Software

248

(1)

CD and DVD Burning Software

249

(1)

Media Players

249

(1)

Graphics, Multimedia, and the Web

249

(2)

Other Types of Application Software

251

(13)

Desktop and Personal Publishing Software

252

(1)

Educational, Entertainment, and Reference Software

252

(1)

Accounting and Personal Finance Software

252

(1)

CAD and Other Types of Design Software

252

(1)

Project Management and Collaboration Software

253

(1)

Note Taking and Personal Productivity Software

253

(1)

Summary

254

(2)

Review Activities

256

(2)

Projects

258

(3)

Web Activities

261

(1)

Expert Insight on Software

262

(2)

MODULE Networks and the Internet

264

(144)

Computer Networks

266

(44)

Overview

267

(1)

What Is a Network?

267

(1)

Networking and Communications Applications

268

(9)

Mobile Phones

268

(1)

Paging and Messaging

269

(1)

Global Positioning Systems (GPSs)

270

(1)

Monitoring Systems

270

(2)

Satellite Radio

272

(1)

Videoconferencing

272

(1)

Collaborative Computing

273

(1)

Telecommuting

274

(1)

Digital Data Distribution

274

(2)

Telemedicine

276

(1)

Types of Networks

277

(4)

Network Topologies

277

(1)

Network Architectures

278

(1)

LANs, WANs, and Other Types of Networks

279

(2)

How Does Data Travel Over a Network?

281

(7)

Data Transmission Characteristics

281

(2)

Wired vs. Wireless Connections

283

(1)

Wired Network Transmission Media

284

(2)

Wireless Network Transmission Media

286

(2)

Communications Protocols

288

(9)

Ethernet

289

(1)

Token Ring

290

(1)

Wi-Fi (802.11)

291

(1)

Mesh Networks, WiMAX, Mobile-Fi, and xMax

292

(1)

Bluetooth and Ultra Wideband (UWB)

293

(1)

TCP/IP and Wireless Application Protocol (WAP)

294

(3)

Phoneline and Powerline Networks

297

(1)

Networking Hardware

297

(13)

Network Adapters

297

(1)

Modems

298

(2)

Hubs, Switches, and Other Networking Hardware

300

(2)

Summary

302

(2)

Review Activities

304

(2)

Project

306

(3)

Web Activities

309

(1)

The Internet and World Wide Web

310

(52)

Overview

311

(1)

Evolution of the Internet

311

(7)

From Arpanet to Internet2

312

(2)

The Internet Community Today

314

(3)

Myths About the Internet

317

(1)

Getting Set Up to Use the Internet

318

(7)

Type of Device

318

(1)

Type of Connection and Internet Access

319

(4)

Selecting an ISP and Setting Up Your PC

323

(2)

Searching the Internet

325

(7)

Search Sites

326

(2)

Search Strategies

328

(2)

Evaluating Search Results

330

(1)

Citing Internet Resources

331

(1)

Beyond Browsing and E-Mail

332

(15)

Discussion Groups, Instant Messaging, and Other Types of Online Communications

332

(2)

Online Shopping and Investing

334

(3)

Online Entertainment

337

(3)

Peer-to-Peer File Sharing

340

(1)

Online News and Research

340

(4)

Online Education and Writing

344

(3)

Censorship and Privacy Issues

347

(6)

Censorship

347

(2)

Web Browsing Privacy

349

(4)

E-Mail Privacy

353

(1)

The Future of the Internet

353

(9)

Summary

354

(2)

Review Activities

356

(2)

Projects

358

(3)

Web Activities

361

(1)

Network and Internet Security

362

(46)

Overview

363

(1)

Why Be Concerned About Network and Internet Security?

363

(1)

Unauthorized Access, Unauthorized Use, and Computer Sabotage

364

(8)

Hacking

364

(3)

Interception of Communications

367

(1)

Computer Sabotage

367

(5)

Protecting Against Unauthorized Access, Unauthorized Use, and Computer Sabotage

372

(11)

Access Control Systems

372

(4)

Firewalls and Antivirus Software

376

(2)

Encryption and Other Security Tools

378

(4)

Take Caution with Employees

382

(1)

Online Theft, Fraud, and Other Dot Cons

383

(6)

Theft of Data, Information, and Other Resources

384

(1)

Identity Theft

384

(1)

Online Auction Fraud

385

(1)

Internet Scams, Spoofing, and Phishing

386

(2)

Spyware

388

(1)

Protecting Against Online Theft, Fraud, and Other Dot Cons

389

(6)

Protecting Against Identity Theft

389

(2)

Protecting Against Other Dot Cons

391

(1)

Protecting Against Spyware

392

(1)

Using Digital Signatures and Digital Certificates

393

(2)

Personal Safety Issues

395

(1)

Cyberstalking

395

(1)

Online Pornography

395

(1)

Protecting Against Cyberstalking and Other Personal Safety Concerns

396

(1)

Safety Tips for Adults

396

(1)

Safety Tips for Children

396

(1)

Network and Internet Security Legislation

396

(12)

Summary

398

(2)

Review Activities

400

(2)

Projects

402

(3)

Web Activities

405

(1)

Expert Insight on Networks and the Internet

406

(2)

MODULE Web Applications

408

(76)

Multimedia and the Web

410

(38)

Overview

411

(1)

What Is Web-Based Multimedia?

411

(3)

Web-Based Multimedia Applications

411

(2)

Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Web-Based Multimedia

413

(1)

Multimedia Elements

414

(7)

Text

414

(1)

Graphics

415

(3)

Animation

418

(2)

Audio

420

(1)

Video

420

(1)

Multimedia Web Site Design

421

(8)

Basic Design Principles

421

(2)

Determining the Intended Audience and Objectives

423

(1)

Using Flowcharts, Page Layouts, and Storyboards

424

(2)

Navigational Design Considerations

426

(2)

Access Considerations

428

(1)

Multimedia Web Site Development

429

(9)

Creating the Multimedia Elements

430

(1)

Creating the Web Site

430

(7)

Testing, Publishing, and Maintaining the Site

437

(1)

The Future of Web-Based Multimedia

438

(10)

Summary

440

(2)

Review Activities

442

(2)

Projects

444

(3)

Web Activities

447

(1)

E-Commerce

448

(36)

Overview

449

(1)

What Is E-Commerce?

449

(5)

Advantages of E-Commerce

450

(2)

Disadvantages of E-Commerce

452

(2)

Types of E-Commerce Web Sites

454

(2)

Manufacturer and E-Tailer Web Sites

454

(1)

Brokerage Sites

454

(2)

E-Commerce Business Models

456

(3)

Business to Consumer (B2C)

456

(2)

Business to Business (B2B)

458

(1)

Consumer to Consumer (C2C)

458

(1)

Business to Government (B2G)

458

(1)

Intermediary Hubs

459

(1)

Implementing Web-Based E-Commerce

459

(14)

Step 1: Select Appropriate Business Models and Types of Web Sites

460

(1)

Step 2: Select the Desired E-Commerce Applications

460

(1)

Step 3: Develop Procedures for Handling Electronic Financial Transactions

461

(6)

Step 4: Design and Develop an Effective Web Site

467

(1)

Step 5: Implement Appropriate Sales and Marketing Strategies

468

(5)

Security Issues

473

(11)

Summary

474

(2)

Review Activities

476

(2)

Projects

478

(3)

Web Activities

481

(1)

Expert Insight on Web-Based Multimedia and E-Commerce

482

(2)

MODULE Systems

484

(132)

Information Systems and System Development

486

(44)

Overview

487

(1)

What Is an Information System?

487

(1)

Who Uses Information Systems?

488

(1)

Executive Management

489

(1)

Middle Management

489

(1)

Operational Management

489

(1)

Nonmanagement Workers

489

(1)

Types of Information Systems

489

(19)

Office Systems

491

(1)

Transaction Processing Systems

492

(3)

Management Information Systems (MISs)

495

(1)

Decision Support Systems (DSSs)

495

(1)

Geographic Information Systems (GISs)

496

(1)

Enterprise-Wide and Inter-Enterprise Systems

496

(5)

Design and Manufacturing Systems

501

(1)

Artificial Intelligence Systems

502

(6)

Responsibility for System Development

508

(3)

The Information Systems Department

508

(2)

Outsourcing Companies

510

(1)

The System Development Life Cycle (SDLC)

511

(9)

Preliminary Investigation

512

(1)

System Analysis

513

(2)

System Design

515

(1)

System Acquisition

516

(2)

System Implementation

518

(2)

System Maintenance

520

(1)

Approaches to System Development

520

(10)

The Traditional Approach

520

(1)

Prototyping

521

(1)

End-User Development

521

(1)

Summary

522

(2)

Review Activities

524

(2)

Projects

526

(3)

Web Activities

529

(1)

Program Development and Programming Languages

530

(44)

Overview

531

(1)

Approaches to Program Design and Development

531

(3)

Structured Programming

531

(1)

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)

532

(1)

Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP)

533

(1)

The Program Development Life Cycle (PDLC)

534

(17)

Problem Analysis

534

(1)

Program Design

535

(7)

Program Coding

542

(3)

Program Debugging and Testing

545

(5)

Program Implementation and Maintenance

550

(1)

Tools for Facilitating Program Development

551

(2)

Application Lifecycle Management (ALM) Tools

551

(1)

Application Generators

552

(1)

Software-Asset Management Tools

553

(498)

Device Software Development Tools

553

(1)

Programming Languages

553

(21)

What Is a Programming Language?

552

(2)

Categories of Programming Languages

554

(2)

Popular Programming Languages

556

(10)

Summary

566

(2)

Review Activities

568

(2)

Projects

570

(3)

Web Activities

573

(1)

Databases and Database Management Systems

574

(42)

Overview

575

(1)

What Is a Database?

575

(6)

Relational Databases: A Simple Example

576

(2)

Individuals Involved with a Database Management System

578

(1)

The Evolution of Databases

578

(1)

Advantages and Disadvantages of the Database Approach

579

(2)

Data Concepts and Characteristics

581

(8)

Data Hierarchy

581

(1)

Entity Relationships

581

(1)

Data Definition

582

(2)

The Data Dictionary

584

(1)

Data Integrity, Security, and Privacy

584

(4)

Data Organization

588

(1)

Database Classifications

589

(2)

Single-User vs. Multiuser Database Systems

589

(1)

Client-Server Database Systems

590

(1)

N-Tier Database Systems

590

(1)

Centralized vs. Distributed Database Systems

591

(1)

In-Memory Databases

591

(1)

Database Models

591

(10)

The Hierarchical and Network Database Models

593

(1)

The Relational Database Model

593

(6)

The Object-Oriented Database Model

599

(2)

Multidimensional Databases

601

(1)

Databases and the Web

601

(15)

Examples of Web Databases in Use

601

(4)

How Web Databases Work

605

(1)

Summary

606

(2)

Review Activities

608

(2)

Projects

610

(3)

Web Activities

613

(1)

Expert Insight on Systems

614

(2)

MODULE Computers and Society

616

Computer Security and Privacy

618

(40)

Overview

619

(1)

Why Be Concerned About Computer Security?

619

(1)

Hardware Loss, Damage, and System Failure

620

(7)

Hardware Loss

620

(1)

Hardware Damage

620

(1)

System Failure and Other Disasters

620

(1)

Protecting Against Hardware Loss, Damage, and System Failure

621

(6)

Software Piracy and Digital Counterfeiting

627

(3)

Software Piracy

627

(1)

Digital Counterfeiting

628

(1)

Protecting Against Software Piracy and Digital Counterfeiting

629

(1)

Why Be Concerned About Information Privacy?

630

(1)

Databases, Electronic Profiling, Spam, and Other Marketing Activities

631

(9)

Databases and Electronic Profiling

631

(3)

Spam and Other Marketing Activities

634

(2)

Protecting the Privacy of Personal Information

636

(4)

Electronic Surveillance and Monitoring

640

(8)

Computer Monitoring Software

640

(1)

Video Surveillance

641

(2)

Employee Monitoring

643

(3)

Presence Technology

646

(1)

Protecting Personal and Workplace Privacy

647

(1)

Computer Security and Privacy Legislation

648

(10)

Summary

650

(2)

Review Activities

652

(2)

Projects

654

(3)

Web Activities

657

(1)

Intellectual Property Rights, Ethics, Health, Access, and the Environment

658

Overview

659

(1)

Intellectual Property Rights

659

(4)

Copyrights

659

(2)

Trademarks

661

(1)

Patents

662

(1)

Ethics

663

(12)

Ethical Use of Copyrighted Material

664

(2)

Ethical Use of Resources and Information

666

(3)

Computer Hoaxes and Digital Manipulation

669

(2)

Ethical Business Practices and Decision Making

671

(4)

Computers and Health

675

(7)

Physical Health

675

(4)

Emotional Health

679

(3)

Access to Technology

682

(7)

The Digital Divide

683

(3)

Assistive Technology

686

(3)

Environmental Concerns

689

(4)

Green Computing

689

(1)

Recycling and Disposal of Computing Equipment

690

(3)

Related Legislation

693

Summary

694

(2)

Review Activities

696

(2)

Projects

698

(3)

Web Activities

701

(1)

Expert Insight on Computers and Society

702

References and Resources Guide

(1)

Computer History Timeline

(6)

Coding Charts

(2)

ASCII and EBCDIC

(1)

Unicode

(1)

Guide to Buying a PC

(5)

Analyzing Needs

(1)

Listing Alternatives

(2)

System Troubleshooting and Upgrading

(2)

E-Mail Fundamentals

(2)

Sending E-Mail

(1)

Receiving E-Mail

(1)

Managing E-Mail

(2)

Answers to Self-Quiz

Credits

(1)

Glossary/Index

Understanding Computers: Today and Tomorrow, 11th Edition, Comprehensive

9781418860554

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Table of Contents