Understanding Music

by Yudkin, Jeremy

• ISBN13: 9780130811257
• ISBN10: 0130811254
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-03-22
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

"Jeremy Yudkin's" book is a rich music appreciation program that supports the ultimate goal of teaching active listening. By focusing on music of the Western tradition in its social, historical, and global context, this book engages readers in an active listening experience of music through a lively narrative text and innovative activities. Topic coverage includes music around the world, the fundamentals of music, the art of listening, the Middle Ages, the Renaissance, the Baroque Era, the Classic Era, Beethoven, the Nineteenth Century, and the Twentieth Century. For those interested in developing active listening skills and a deeper appreciation for music.

Table of Contents

PREFACE	xix	(8)
FOREWORD	xxvii
CHAPTER 1 MUSIC AROUND THE WORLD	1	(23)
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY OF MUSIC	2	(3)
MUSIC AS A REFLECTION OF SOCIETY	5	(10)
THE UNITED STATES: A TEST CASE	5	(2)
WORLD MUSIC: VIEW FROM A SATELLITE	7	(1)
WHAT TO LISTEN FOR IN MUSIC AROUND THE WORLD	8	(1)
ATTITUDE TOWARD MUSIC OF THE PAST	9	(1)
TEXTURE	9	(1)
MELODY	10	(1)
RHYTHM	10	(1)
TONE COLOR: VOICES AND INSTRUMENTS	11	(2)
MUSICAL CONTEXT	13	(1)
ATTITUDES TOWARD THE PARTICIPATION OF WOMEN	13	(1)
TIME	14	(1)
LISTENING TO MUSIC FROM AROUND THE WORLD	15	(3)
JAPANESE SHAKUHACHI MUSIC	15	(2)
GAMELAN MUSIC FROM THE INDONESIAN ISLAND OF JAVA	17	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Listening Sketch for Shakuhachi Music: Koku-Reibo (A Bell Ringing in the Empty Sky)	18	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Listening Sketch for Javanese Gamelan Music: Gangsaran -- Bima Kurda -- Gangsaran	20	(3)
AFRICAN DRUMMING AND MBIRA MUSIC	21	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Listening Sketch for Mbira Music: Chemetengure/Mudendero	23	(1)
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTALS	24	(41)
THE ELEMENTS OF MUSIC	25	(17)
SOUND AND TEXTURE	25	(2)
PITCH	27	(1)
NOTATION	28	(3)
INTERVALS	31	(1)
CONSONANCE AND DISSONANCE	31	(1)
MELODY	32	(2)
HARMONY	34	(1)
KEY AND TONALITY	35	(1)
SCALES	36	(2)
KEY SIGNATURES	38	(1)
CHORDS	39	(1)
CADENCES	40	(1)
RHYTHM	40	(1)
BEAT	41	(1)
MEASURE & METER	42	(1)
Box: Figuring Out the Meter	42	(4)
TEMPO	45	(1)
DYNAMICS	45	(1)
MUSICAL FORM	46	(1)
MAKING MUSIC: VOICES	47	(1)
MAKING MUSIC: INSTRUMENTS	48	(1)
THE ORCHESTRA	49	(11)
STRINGS	51	(2)
WOODWINDS	53	(2)
BRASS	55	(1)
PERCUSSION	56	(1)
KEYBOARD INSTRUMENTS	57	(3)
REHEARSALS	60	(1)
EMOTION IN MUSIC	61	(1)
PERFORMANCES	62	(1)
HISTORICAL PERIODS AND INDIVIDUAL STYLE	63	(2)
CHAPTER 3 THE ART OF LISTENING	65	(15)
SOUND, RHYTHM, AND TEXTURE	66	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Paul Dukas, Fanfare from La Peri	67	(1)
MUSIC AND WORDS, KEY, DISSONANCE	68	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Schubert, Song for voice and piano, Gretchen am Spinnrade (Gretchen at the Spinning Wheel)	68	(3)
FORM, DYNAMICS, TEMPO, METER, CADENCES, AND KEY	71	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Minuet and Trio from Symphony No. 18 in F Major, K. 130	71	(4)
BEATS, METER, FORM AND TONE COLOR	74	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Benny Harris, Crazeology	75	(2)
TEXTURE, CHROMATICISM, AND WORD-PAINTING	77	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Maddalena Casulana, Madrigal, Morte, te chiamo (Death, I Call on You)	77	(2)
ALASTAIR REID, "A LESSON IN MUSIC"	79	(1)
CHAPTER 4 THE MIDDLE AGES: 400--1400	80	(16)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MEDIEVAL MUSIC	82	(1)
Box: Medieval Technology	82	(1)
THE MUSIC OF THE MIDDLE AGES	83	(2)
PART ONE: PLAINCHANT	83	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Kyrie (plainchant)	85	(2)
PART TWO: SECULAR SONG AND POLYPHONY	86	(1)
SECULAR SONG	86	(1)
POLYPHONY	86	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Beatriz de Dia, Song, A chantar	87	(2)
Box: Performance of Medieval Music	89	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Perotinus, Viderunt Omnes	92	(1)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences: The Medieval Audience	93	(2)
LATE MEDIEVAL POLYPHONIC SONG	94	(1)
THE END OF THE MIDDLE AGES	94	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Guillaume de Machaut, Secular song (rondeau), Doulz Viaire Gracieus	95	(1)
CHAPTER 5 THE RENAISSANCE: 1400--1600	96	(20)
LIFE AND TIMES IN THE RENAISSANCE	97	(2)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF RENAISSANCE MUSIC	99	(1)
MUSIC IN THE EARLY RENAISSANCE	99	(1)
THE RENAISSANCE MASS	100	(1)
THE MID-RENAISSANCE	100	(1)
JOSQUIN DESPREZ (C. 1440-1521)	100	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Venantius Fortunatus, Plainchant hymn, Pange Lingua	101	(2)
JOSQUIN'S PANGE LINGUA MASS	102	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Josquin Desprez, Kyrie from the Pange Lingua Mass	103	(5)
THE LATE RENAISSANCE	104	(1)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences: Patronage	105	(1)
THE COUNTER-REFORMATION AND THE MUSIC OF PALESTRINA	106	(1)
THE RENAISSANCE MOTET	107	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina, Motet, from the Song of Songs, Vineam Meam Non Custodivi	108	(4)
THE RENAISSANCE SECULAR SONG	110	(1)
THE MADRIGAL	110	(1)
Box: Musical Borrowing	110	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Thomas Morley, Two English Madrigals	112	(2)
THE RISE OF INSTRUMENTAL MUSIC	113	(1)
Box: The Importance of Dancing	113	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Giovanni Gabrieli, Canzona Duodecimi Toni	114	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Tielman Susato, Ronde and Saltarelle	115	(1)
CHAPTER 6 THE BAROQUE ERA: 1600-1750	116	(41)
LIFE IN THE BAROQUE ERA	117	(2)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences: Audiences in the Baroque Era	119	(1)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE MUSIC	120	(1)
THE EARLY BAROQUE (1600-1700)	121	(2)
MONTEVERDI AND THE FIRST GREAT OPERA	123	(1)
THE STORY OF THE OPERA	123	(1)
Box: An Argument over the Future of Music	123	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Claudio Monteverdi, Excerpts from the opera Orfeo	124	(4)
OPERA IN THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY	127	(1)
HENRY PURCELL AND ENGLISH OPERA	127	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Henry Purcell, Dido's lament from the opera Dido and Aeneas	128	(3)
SONATA AND CONCERTO	129	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Arcangelo Corelli, Trio Sonata, Op. 3, No. 7, for two violins and basso continuo	131	(6)
FRENCH MUSIC	132	(2)
THE LATE BAROQUE (1700-1750)	134	(3)
LATE BAROQUE OPERA	134	(1)
THE LATE BAROQUE CONCERTO	135	(1)
ANTONIO VIVALDI (1678-1741)	135	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Antonio Vivaldi, First Movement from Violin Concerto, Op. 8, No. 1, La Primavera ("Spring"), from The Four Seasons	137	(3)
JOHANN SEBASTIAN BACH (1685-1750)	138	(2)
Box: Musical Imitations	140	(1)
Box: A Musical Offering	141	(1)
BATCH'S MUSIC	141	(1)
BACH'S ORGAN MUSIC	141	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Johann Sebastian Bach, Toccata and Fugue in D minor	142	(2)
BACH'S KEYBOARD, INSTRUMENTAL, AND ORCHESTRAL MUSIC	143	(1)
BACH'S VOCAL CHURCH MUSIC	143	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Johann Sebastian Bach, First Movement from Brandenburg Concerto No. 2 in F Major	144	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Johann Sebastian Bach, St. Matthew Passion (excerpt)	147	(5)
GEORGE FRIDERIC HANDEL (1685-1759)	149	(2)
HANDEL'S MUSIC	151	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE George Frideric Handel, Giulio Cesare, Act III, Scene 4	152	(1)
Box: Castratos	153	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE George Frideric Handel, "Halleluyah" Chorus from Messiah	155	(2)
CHAPTER 7 THE CLASSIC ERA: 1750-1800	157	(36)
FROM ABSOLUTISM TO ENLIGHTENMENT TO REVOLUTION	158	(4)
THE MUSICAL PUBLIC	161	(1)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CLASSIC MUSIC	162	(2)
GENRES OF CLASSIC MUSIC	163	(1)
OPERA	163	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Giovanni Pergolesi, Opera, La Serva Padrona (Duet from Act I)	164	(7)
SYMPHONY	169	(1)
CHAMBER MUSIC	169	(2)
CONVENTION IN CLASSIC MUSIC	171	(1)
FORMS OF CLASSIC MUSIC	171	(3)
SONATA FORM	171	(1)
ARIA FORM	172	(1)
MINUET AND TRIO FORM	173	(1)
RONDO FORM	173	(1)
SUMMARY	173	(1)
THE EARLY CLASSIC PERIOD	174	(1)
THE CLASSIC MASTERS	174	(1)
FRANZ JOSEPH HAYDN (1732-1809)	175	(1)
Box: Haydn's Contract	175	(2)
HAYDN'S MUSIC	176	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Joseph Haydn, Minuet And Trio From Symphony No. 45 in F-sharp Minor	177	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Joseph Haydn, Fourth Movement From String Quartet, Op. 33, No. 2, in E-flat Major	179	(2)
WOLFGANG AMADEUS MOZART (1756-1791)	181	(1)
Box: Leopold Mozart	181	(1)
Box: The Boy Genius	182	(1)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences: Composers and Patrons in the Classic Era	184	(2)
MOZART'S MUSIC	185	(1)
Box: Musical Forgeries	186	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE: Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Second Movement From Piano Concerto No. 21 In C Major, K. 467	187	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Wolfgang Amadeus Mozari, First Movement From Symphony No. 40 in G minor, K. 550	190	(3)
CHAPTER 8 BEETHOVEN	193	(27)
BEETHOVEN'S LIFE	194	(2)
BEETHOVEN'S EARLY LIFE	195	(1)
THE HEROIC PHASE	195	(1)
Box: Beethoven's Personality	196	(2)
PERSONAL CRISIS AND HALT TO PRODUCTIVITY	197	(1)
LATE YEARS	197	(1)
BEETHOVEN'S MUSIC	198	(1)
Box: Beethoven's Work Habits	198	(1)
LISTENING EXAMPLES	199	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Ludwig Van Beethoven Six Easy Variations on a Swiss Tune for Piano Solo	199	(1)
BEETHOVEN'S FIFTH SYMPHONY	200	(1)
Box: Music Critics	201	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Ludwig Van Beethoven, Symphony No. 5 In C Minor	202	(13)
Box: Beethoven's Piano-playing	215	(1)
BEETHOVEN'S LATE MUSIC	215	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Ludwig van Beethoven, Third Movement from Piano Sonata In E Major, Op. 109	216	(4)
CHAPTER 9 THE NINETEENTH CENTURY	220	(96)
THE AGE OF ROMANTICISM	221	(8)
THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION	222	(1)
POLITICAL, INTELLECTUAL, AND SOCIAL CHANGES	222	(2)
THE NEW ARTISTIC SPIRIT	224	(3)
MUSIC FOR ALL	227	(1)
THE NEW SOUND	227	(2)
Box: The History of the Pianoforte, 1700-1860	229	(6)
DYNAMICS	230	(1)
TEMPO AND EXPRESSION	230	(1)
MELODY	230	(1)
HARMONY	230	(1)
FORM	230	(2)
PROGRAM MUSIC	232	(1)
MASSIVE AND MINIATURE	232	(1)
FAVORITE ROMANTIC GENRES	232	(1)
FAVORITE ROMANTIC INSTRUMENTS	233	(1)
THE INDIVIDUAL AND THE CROWD	233	(1)
WOMEN IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY MUSIC	234	(1)
ROMANTIC SONG	234	(1)
PART ONE: EARLY ROMANTICISM	235	(2)
FRANZ SCHUBERT (1797-1828)	235	(1)
SCHUBERT'S MUSIC	236	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Schubert, Song, Die Forelle (The Trout)	237	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Schubert, Fourth Movement from Quintet in A Major, D. 667 (The Trout)	239	(4)
HECTOR BERLIOZ (1803-1869)	241	(1)
BERLIOZ'S MUSIC	242	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Hector Berlioz, First Movement From Symphonie fantastique (Fantastical Symphony)	243	(7)
FELIX MENDELSSOHN (1809-1847)	248	(1)
MENDELSSOHN'S MUSIC	249	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Felix Mendelssohn, First Movement from Concerto in E minor for Violin and Orchestra, Op. 64	250	(3)
FANNY MENDELSSOHN HENSEL (1805-1847)	252	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Fanny Mendelssohn Hensel, Lied from Songs Without Words, Op. 8, No. 3	253	(1)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences	254	(2)
FRYDERYK CHOPIN (1810-1849)	255	(1)
CHOPIN'S MUSIC	255	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Fryderyk Chopin, Prelude in E Minor, Op. 28, for piano	256	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Fryderyk Chopin, Waltz in D-flat Major, Op. 64, No. 1, for piano solo (Minute Waltz)	258	(3)
ROBERT SCHUMANN (1810-1856)	259	(2)
SCHUMANN'S MUSIC	261	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Robert Schumann, Traumerei (Dreaming), from Kinderszenen, Op. 15, for piano	261	(1)
CLARA SCHUMANN (1819-1896)	262	(1)
Box: Clara Schumann	263	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Clara Schumann, Third Movement from Trio in G minor for piano, violin, and cello	264	(2)
PART TWO: MID-ROMANTICISM	266	(15)
WORKS FOR SOLO PIANO	266	(1)
SYMPHONIC PROGRAM MUSIC	266	(1)
OPERA	266	(1)
NATIONALISM	267	(1)
FRANZ LISZT (1811-1886)	267	(2)
LISZT'S MUSIC	269	(1)
Box: Critical Views of Liszt	270	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Liszt, Transcendental Etude No. 10 in F Minor	271	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Franz Liszt, Symphonic Poem, Hamlet	273	(5)
VERDI AND WAGNER	276	(1)
GIUSEPPE VERDI (1813-1901)	276	(1)
VERDI'S MUSIC	277	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Giuseppe Verdi, Otello (excerpt)	278	(5)
RICHARD WAGNER (1813-1883)	282	(1)
Box: The Ring Cycle	283	(1)
Box: The Bayreuth Festival	284	(2)
WAGNER'S MUSIC	285	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Richard Wagner, Prelude and Liebestod from the music drama Tristan und Isolde	286	(6)
THE NATIONALIST COMPOSERS	291	(1)
RUSSIA	291	(1)
BOHEMIA	291	(1)
MORAVIA	291	(1)
SCANDINAVIA	291	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Bedrich Smetana, Symphonic Poem, The Moldau	292	(3)
SPAIN	294	(1)
FRANCE	294	(1)
PYOTR ILYICH TCHAIKOVSKY (1840-1893)	294	(1)
TCHAIKOVSKY'S MUSIC	295	(1)
Box: Copyright	295	(4)
LISTENING GUIDE Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, First Movement from Symphony No. 4 in F Minor	296	(3)
PART THREE: LATE ROMANTICISM	299	(3)
JOHANNES BRAHMS (1833-1897)	299	(1)
BRAHMS'S MUSIC	300	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Johannes Brahms, Wiegenlied (Lullaby), Op. 49, No. 4	302	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Johannes Brahms, Fourth Movement from Symphony No. 4 In E Minor	303	(6)
GIACOMO PUCCINI (1858-1924)	308	(1)
PUCCINI'S MUSIC	308	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Giacomo Puccini, Un bel di (One fine day) from Madama Butterfly	309	(2)
GUSTAV MAHLER (1860-1911)	311	(1)
Box: Alma Mahler	312	(2)
MAHLER'S MUSIC	312	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Gustav Mahler, Fourth Movement, Urlicht (Primeval Light) From Symphony No. 2 In C Minor (Resurrection)	314	(2)
CHAPTER 10 THE TWENTIETH CENTURY I: THE CLASSICAL SCENE	316	(91)
AN OVERVIEW	317	(3)
HISTORY AND THE ARTS, 1900-1939	317	(2)
1939 TO THE PRESENT	319	(1)
GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TWENTIETH-CENTURY MUSIC	320	(3)
THE REPLACEMENT OF TONALITY	320	(1)
MELODY	321	(1)
RHYTHM	322	(1)
LENGTH	322	(1)
TONE COLOR AND SOUND	322	(1)
THE BEGINNINGS OF CHANGE	323	(1)
IMPRESSIONISM AND SYMBOLISM	323	(2)
CLAUDE DEBUSSY (1862-1918)	324	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Claude Debussy, Prelude a L'apres-midi d'un faune	325	(3)
PRIMITIVISM	328	(2)
IGOR STRAVINSKY (1882-1971)	328	(1)
STRAVINSKY AND NEO-CLASSICISM	329	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Igor Stravinsky, First Movement from Concerto In E-flat (Dumbarton Oaks) for Chamber Orchestra	330	(5)
STRAVINSKY'S MUSIC	333	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Igor Stravinsky, Le Sacre du Printemps (The Rite of Spring), opening section	335	(3)
EXPRESSIONISM	338	(4)
ARNOLD SCHOENBERG (1874-1951)	339	(3)
Box: Schoenberg and Atonality	342	(2)
SCHOENBERG'S MUSIC	342	(1)
SCHOENBERG'S STUDENTS	343	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Arnold Schoenberg, Madonna from Pierrot Lunaire	344	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Arnold Schoenberg, Theme and Sixth Variation from Variations for Orchestra, Op. 31	346	(5)
ALBAN BERG (1885-1935)	348	(1)
BERG'S MUSIC	348	(1)
BERG'S WOZZECK, ACT III, SCENES 3, 4, AND 5	349	(1)
WOZZECK, ACT III, SCENE 3	350	(1)
WOZZECK, ACT III, SCENE 4	350	(1)
WOZZECK, ACT III, SCENE 5	350	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Alban Berg, Wozzeck, Act III, Scenes 3, 4, and 5	351	(9)
ANTON WEBERN (1883-1945)	358	(1)
WEBERN'S MUSIC	359	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Anton Webern, Third Movement from Five Movements for String Quartet, Op. 5	360	(2)
OTHER COMPOSERS ACTIVE BEFORE WORLD WAR II: BARTOK, SHOSTAKOVICH, BRITTEN, IVES, COPLAND	361	(1)
BELA BARTOK (1881-1945)	361	(1)
BARTOK'S MUSIC	361	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Bela Bartok, Fifth Movement (Allegro molto) from String Quartet No. 4	362	(4)
DMITRI SHOSTAKOVICH (1906-1975)	364	(1)
BENJAMIN BRITTEN (1913-1976)	365	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Benjamin Britten, Sanctus from War Requiem	366	(4)
THE AMERICAN SCENE	368	(1)
CHARLES IVES (1874-1954)	369	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Charles Ives, Second Movement from Three Places in New England ("Putnam's Camp, Redding, Conn.")	370	(3)
AARON COPLAND (1900-1990)	371	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Aaron Copland, Fanfare for the Common Man	373	(1)
BUILDING BRIDGES	374	(1)
GEORGE GERSHWIN (1898-1937)	374	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE George Gershwin, "Bess, You Is My Woman Now" from Porgy and Bess	374	(5)
LEONARD BERNSTEIN (1918-1990)	377	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Leonard Bernstein, "Make Our Garden Grow" from Candide	379	(2)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences: Audiences for Music in the Twentieth Century	381	(1)
AFTER THE WAR: MODERNISM, THE SECOND STAGE	382	(1)
TOTAL SERIALISM	382	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Pierre Boulez, Structures I	383	(2)
Box: Who Cares If You Listen?	385	(2)
THE RADICAL SIXTIES: NEW SOUNDS, FREEDOM, AND CHANCE	385	(1)
NEW SOUNDS	385	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Krzysztof Penderecki, Threnody for the Victims of Hiroshima	387	(3)
FREEDOM AND CHANCE	389	(1)
POSTMODERNISM	390	(1)
Box: Music in the Late Twentieth Century	391	(2)
POSTMODERN MUSIC	392	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Lukas Foss, Third Movement (Recitative--after Monteverdi) from Renaissance Concerto for Flute and Orchestra	393	(4)
Box: The Kronos Quartet	397	(2)
FUSION	398	(1)
INCLUSION	399	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Pauline Oliveros, Sound Patterns	400	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Olly Wilson, Sometimes	401	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Joan Tower, Wings	402	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Ellen Taaffe Zwilich, Third Movement (Rondo) From Symphony No. 1	404	(3)
CHAPTER 11 THE TWENTIETH CENTURY II: JAZZ, AN AMERICAN ORIGINAL	407	(24)
THE HISTORY OF JAZZ	409	(1)
ORIGINS	409	(1)
BAND MUSIC	409	(1)
RAGTIME	409	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Scott Joplin, Maple Leaf Rag, for piano solo	410	(2)
THE BLUES	411	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Bessie Smith, Florida-Bound Blues (voice and piano)	412	(4)
DIXIELAND	414	(1)
SWING	415	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Louis Armstrong, Hotter Than That	416	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Duke Ellington, It Don't Mean a Thing (If It Ain't Got That Swing)	419	(4)
BEBOP	421	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE The Charlie Parker Quartet, Confirmation	423	(4)
COOL JAZZ	424	(1)
FREE JAZZ	425	(1)
FUSION	426	(1)
Box: Jazz and Classical	427	(2)
THE NINETIES	427	(2)
LISTENING GUIDE Wynton Marsalis, Harriet Tubman	429	(2)
CHAPTER 12 THE TWENTIETH CENTURY III: POPULAR MUSIC	431	(43)
STYLES OF POPULAR MUSIC	432	(1)
BEGINNINGS: 1850-1950	432	(1)
Special Box Feature: Composers, Patrons, and Audiences: Patronage and Commercialization	433	(2)
Box: Copyright and Royalties for Popular Music	435	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Frank Sinatra, Blue Moon	436	(2)
Box: Some of the Most Successful Popular Songs Before 1950	438	(1)
THE FORTUNATE FIFTIES	438	(3)
ROCK AND ROLL: THE BEGINNINGS	439	(1)
ELVIS PRESLEY	440	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Elvis Presley, Blue Suede Shoes	441	(4)
REBELLION	443	(1)
EARLY ROCK AND ROLL: STRUCTURE AND STYLE	444	(1)
EARLY ROCK AND ROLL: BLACK AND WHITE	444	(1)
THE TURBULENT SIXTIES	445	(1)
Box: John F. Kennedy's Inaugural Address (Extracts)	446	(1)
Box: Martin Luther King's "I Have a Dream" Speech (Extracts)	446	(4)
THE BEATLES	447	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE The Beatles, It Won't Be Long	450	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE The Beatles, Strawberry Fields Forever	451	(2)
BOB DYLAN	452	(1)
LISTENING GUIDE Bob Dylan, Sad-Eyed Lady of the Lowlands	453	(4)
JIMI HENDRIX	456	(1)
ADDITIONAL NOTES TO THE SIXTIES	456	(1)
MOTOWN	456	(1)
Box: The Stratocaster	457	(3)
SURFING SONGS	458	(1)
FOLK	458	(1)
COUNTRY	458	(1)
THE BRITISH BLUES REVIVAL	459	(1)
THE 1970S AND 1980S: VARIETY, LEGACY, AND CHANGE	460	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Michael Jackson, Billie Jean	463	(1)
Box: Censorship in Popular Music	463	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Madonna, Material Girl	466	(1)
THE NINETIES: RAP, RAGE, AND REACTION	467	(3)
LISTENING GUIDE Queen Latifah, Unity	470	(4)
GLOSSARY AND MUSICAL EXAMPLE LOCATOR	474	(5)
CREDITS	479	(4)
INDEX	483