Understanding Nursing Research Reading and Using Research in Practice

by Macnee, Carol L.

• ISBN13: 9780781742719
• ISBN10: 0781742714
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2003-10-08
• Publisher: LWW

Summary

Unique in its full-color design and reader-friendly conversational tone, this text links understanding of nursing research directly with evidence-based practice. The text begins with the results of the research and explains the steps of the research process to answer key questions about how the conclusions were reached, how the study was done, who was in the study, and why it was done that way. Distinguished by icons, qualitative and quantitative research are integrated throughout the text. Each chapter includes clinical vignettes and highlighted key concepts and ends with an out-of-class exercise referencing the clinical vignette and stimulating critical thinking for the next chapter. A Connection Website features student study activities(connection.LWW.com/go/macnee).

Author Biography

Carol L. Macnee, RN, PHD: Director of Research and Professor, East Tennessee State University College of Nursing, Johnson City

Table of Contents

Using Nursing Research in Practice	1	(16)
Introduction	2	(1)
Questions for Patient Care	3	(9)
Published Abstract: What Would You Conclude?	12	(1)
Systematic Reviews in Evidence-Based Practice	13	(3)
Components and Language of Research Reports	16	(24)
Components of Published Research Reports	18	(12)
Research Reports and the Research Process	30	(8)
Published Report--What Did You Conclude?	38	(2)
Discussions and Conclusions	40	(15)
What Is the Answer to My Question? What Did the Study Conclude?
The End of a Research Report--Discussions and Conclusions	41	(1)
Discussions	42	(5)
Conclusions	47	(4)
Common Errors in Research Reports	51	(2)
Published Reports--What Would You Conclude?	53	(2)
Descriptive Results	55	(22)
Why Did the Authors Reach Their Conclusion--What Did They Actually Find?
Differentiating Description From Inference	56	(2)
Understanding the Language of Results Sections	58	(14)
Connecting Results That Describe to Conclusions	72	(2)
Common Errors in the Reports of Descriptive Results	74	(1)
Published Report--What Would You Conclude?	75	(2)
Inferential Results	77	(24)
Why Did the Authors Reach Their Conclusion--What Did They Actually Find?
The Purpose of Inferential Statistics	78	(2)
Probability and Significance	80	(3)
Parametric and Nonparametric Statistics	83	(1)
Bivariate and Multivariate Tests	84	(10)
Hypothesis Testing	94	(1)
In-Class Study Data	95	(1)
Connecting Inferential Statistical Results to Conclusions	96	(2)
Common Errors in Results Sections	98	(1)
Published Report--What Would You Conclude?	99	(2)
Samples	101	(24)
To What Types of Patients Do These Research Conclusions Apply--Who Was in the Study?
Samples Versus Populations	102	(9)
Differences in Qualitative and Quantitative Sampling	111	(3)
Strengths and Weaknesses of Different Sampling Approaches	114	(2)
Sample Size	116	(3)
Common Errors in Reports of Samples	119	(1)
Connecting Sampling to the Study Results and Conclusions	120	(1)
Published Reports--Have You Changed Your Mind?	121	(4)
Sampling Errors and Ethics--What Can Go Wrong?	125	(21)
Informed Consent	126	(9)
Problems With the Sampling Process	135	(3)
Problems With Sampling Outcomes	138	(3)
Common Errors in the Reports of Sampling	141	(1)
Published Reports--What Do They Say About Consent and the Sampling Process?	142	(4)
Data Collection Methods	146	(33)
How Were Those People Studied--Why Was the Study Done That Way?
Revisiting Study Variables	147	(8)
Methods for Constructing the Meaning of Variables in Qualitative Research	155	(2)
Methods to Measure Variables in Quantitative Research	157	(6)
Errors in Data Collection in Qualitative Research	163	(3)
Errors in Data Collection in Quantitative Research	166	(8)
Common Errors in Written Reports of Data Collection Methods	174	(1)
Connecting Data Collection Methods to Sampling, Results, and Discussion/Conclusion	175	(1)
Published Reports--Would You Use These Studies in Clinical Practice?	176	(3)
Research Designs: Planning the Study	179	(32)
How Were Those People Studied--Why Was the Study Done That Way?
Research Designs: Why Are They Important?	180	(9)
Qualitative Research Designs	189	(6)
Quantitative Research Designs	195	(7)
How Can One Get the Wrong Design for the Right Question?	202	(4)
Common Errors in Published Reports of Research Designs	206	(1)
Published Reports--Did Design Affect Your Conclusion?	207	(4)
Background and the Research Problem	211	(21)
Why Ask That Question? What Do We Already Know?
Sources of Problems for Research	212	(2)
Background Section of Research Reports	214	(5)
Literature Review Sections of Research Reports	219	(7)
Linking the Literature Review to the Study Design	226	(2)
Published Reports--Has the Case Been Made for the Research Study?	228	(1)
Common Errors in Reports of the Background and Literature Review	228	(4)
The Research Process	232	(21)
How Is the Research Process Related to a Published Research Report?
The Research Process	233	(12)
Research Process Contrasted to the Research Report	245	(2)
Factors That Affect the Research Process	247	(2)
Generating Knowledge Can Be Fun!	249	(1)
Published Reports--What Do You Conclude Now?	250	(3)
The Role of Research in Nursing	253	(20)
History of Nursing Research	254	(2)
Linking Theory, Education, and Practice With Research	256	(3)
Evidence-Based Practice: Pros and Cons	259	(1)
Quality Improvement: Framed With the Research Process	260	(2)
Where Are We Going? Roles of Nurses in Research	262	(1)
Finding Answers Through Research	263	(3)
Fictional Article: What Would You Conclude?	266	(7)
Appendix A-1: Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Children With Type I Diabetes	273	(9)
Appendix A-2: Fecal Incontinence in Hospitalized Patients Who Are Acutely III	282	(9)
Appendix A-3: Homeless Patients' Experience of Satisfaction With Care	291	(8)
Appendix A-4: Evaluating the Impact of Peer, Nurse Case-Managed, and Standard HIV Risk-Reduction Programs on Psychosocial and Health-Promoting Behavioral Outcomes Among Homeless Women	299	(13)
Appendix A-5: Mexican American Family Survival, Continuity, and Growth: The Parental Perspective	312	(10)
Appendix A-6: Factors Associated With Participation by Mexican Migrant Farmworkers in a Tuberculosis Screening Program	322	(11)
Appendix A-7: Trajectory of Certain Death at an Unknown Time: Children With Neurodegenerative Life-Threatening Illnesses	333	(10)
Appendix A-8: Distress and Growth Outcomes in Mothers of Medically Fragile Infants	343	(14)
Appendix A-9: Exercise in Heart Failure: A Synthesis of Current Research	357	(13)
Appendix A-10: Effect of Positioning on SvO2 in the Critically III Patient With a Low Ejection Fraction	370	(9)
Appendix B: Fictional Article: Demographic Characteristics as Predictors of Nursing Students' Choice of Type of Clinical Practice	379	(5)
Appendix C: Historical Analysis of Siderail Use in American Hospitals	384	(6)
Appendix D: Sample In-Class Data Collection Tool	390	(2)
Appendix E: In-Class Study Data for Practice Exercise in Chapter 5	392	(2)
Glossary	394	(12)
Index	406