Overview of Verb Tenses | |
The Simple Tenses | |
The Progressive Tenses | |
The Perfect Tenses | |
The Perfect Progressive Tenses | |
Summary Chart of Verb Tenses | |
Spelling of -ing and -ed Forms | |
Present and Past, Simple and Progressive | |
Simple Present | |
Present Progressive | |
Stative Verbs | |
am/is/are being t+ Adjective | |
Regular and Irregular Verbs | |
Regular Verbs: Pronunciation of -ed Endings | |
Irregular Verbs: An Alphabetical List | |
Troublesome Verbs: raise/rise, set/sit, lay/lie | |
Simple Past | |
Past Progressive | |
Using Progressive Verbs with always to Complain | |
Using Expressions of Place with Progressive Verbs | |
PERFECT AND PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSES | |
Present Perfect | |
Present Perfect Progressive | |
Past Perfect | |
Past Perfect Progressive | |
FUTURE TIME | |
Simple Future: will and be going to | |
will vs.be going to | |
Expressing the Future in Time Clauses | |
Using the Present Progressive and the Simple Present to Express Future Time | |
Future Progressive | |
Future Perfect | |
Future Perfect Progressive | |
Adverb Clauses Of Time and Review of Verb Tenses | |
Adverb Clauses of Time: Form | |
Using Adverb Clauses to Show Time Relationships | |
Subject-Verb Agreement | |
Final -s/-es Use, Pronunciation, and Spelling | |
Basic Subject-Verb Agreement | |
Subject-Verb Agreement: Using Expressions of Quantity | |
Subject-Verb Agreement: Using there + be | |
Subject-Verb Agreement: Some Irregularities | |
Nouns | |
Regular and Irregular Plural Nouns | |
Possessive Nouns | |
Using Nouns as Modifiers | |
Count and Noncount Nouns | |
Noncount Nouns | |
Some Common Noncount Nouns | |
Basic Article Usage | |
General Guidelines For Article Usage | |
Expressions of Quantity | |
Using a few and few a little and little | |
Using of in Expressions of Quantity | |
all (of) and both (of) | |
Singular Expressions of Quantity: one, each, every | |
Pronouns | |
Personal Pronouns | |
Personal Pronouns: Agreement with Generic Nouns and Indefinite Pronouns | |
Personal Pronouns: Agreement With Collective Nouns | |
Reflexive Pronouns | |
Using you, one, and they as Impersonal Pronouns | |
Forms of other | |
Common Expressions with other | |
MODALS, Part 1 | |
Introduction | |
Polite Questions with I as the Subject | |
Polite Questions with you as the Subject | |
Polite Requests with would you mind | |
Expressing Necessity: must, have to, have got to | |
Lack of Necessity and Prohibition: have to and must in the Negative | |
Advisability: should, ought to, had better | |
The Past Form of should | |
Expectations: be supposed to | |
Making Suggestions: let's, why don't, shall we | |
Making Suggestions: could vs. should | |
MODALS, Part 2 | |
Degrees of Certainty: Present Time | |
Degrees of Certainty: Present Time Negative | |
Degrees of Certainty: Past Time | |
Degrees of Certainty: Future Time | |
Progressive Forms of Modals | |
Ability: can and could | |
Using would to Express a Repeated Action in the Past | |
Expressing Preference: would rather | |
Combining Modals with Phrasal Modals | |
Summary Chart of Modals and Similar Expressions | |
The Passive | |
Forming the Passive | |
Using the Passive | |
Indirect Objects Used as Passive Subjects | |
The Passive Form of Modals and Phrasal Modals | |
Stative Passive | |
Common Stative Passive Verbs + Prepositions | |
The Passive with get | |
Participial Adjectives | |
Noun Clauses | |
Introduction | |
Noun Clauses Beginning with a Question Word | |
Noun Clauses Beginning with whether or if | |
Question Words Followed by Infinitives | |
Noun Clauses Beginning with that | |
Quoted Speech | |
Reported Speech: Verb Forms in Noun Clauses | |
Using The Subjunctive in Noun Clauses | |
Using -ever Words | |
Adjective Clauses | |
Introduction | |
Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Subject | |
Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Verb | |
Adjective Clause Pronouns Used as the Object of a Preposition | |
Usual Patterns of Adjective Clauses | |
Using whose | |
Using where in Adjective Clauses | |
Using when in Adjective Clauses | |
Using Adjective Clauses to Modify Pronouns | |
Punctuating Adjective Clauses | |
Using Expressions of Quantity in Adjective Clauses | |
Using Noun + of which | |
Using which to Modify a Whole Sentence | |
Reducing Adjective Clauses to Adjective Phrases: Introduction | |
Changing an Adjective Clause to an Adjective Phrase | |
Gerunds And Infinitives, Part 1 | |
Gerunds: Introduction | |
Using Gerunds as the Objects of Prepositions | |
Common Preposition Combinations Followed by Gerunds | |
Common Verbs Followed by Gerunds | |
go + Gerund | |
Special Expressions Followed by -ing | |
Common Verbs Followed by Infinitives | |
Common Verbs Followed by Either Infinitives or Gerunds | |
Reference List of Verbs Followed by Gerunds | |
Reference List of Verbs Followed by Infinitives | |
it + Infinitive Gerunds and Infinitives as Subjects | |
Gerunds and Infinitives, Part 2 | |
Infinitive of Purpose: in order to | |
Adjectives Followed by Infinitives | |
Using Infinitives With too and enough | |
Passive and Past Forms of Infinitives and Gerunds | |
Using Gerunds or Passive Infinitives Following need | |
Using a Possessive to Modify a Gerund | |
Using Verbs of Perception | |
Using the Simple Form after let and help | |
Using Causative Verbs: make, have, get | |
Coordinating Conjunctions | |
Parallel Structure | |
Using Paired Conjunctions: both and not only but also either or neither nor | |
Combining Independent Clauses with Coordinating Conjunctions | |
Adverb Clauses | |
Introduction | |
Using Adverb Clauses to Show Cause and Effect | |
Expressing Contrast (Unexpected Result): Using even though | |
Showing Direct Contrast: while and whereas | |
Expressing Conditions in Adverb Clauses: if-Clauses | |
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using whether or not and even if | |
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using in case and in the event that | |
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using unless | |
Adverb Clauses of Condition: Using only if | |
Reduction of Adverb Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases | |
Introduction | |
Changing Time Clauses to Modifying Adverbial Phrases | |
Expressing The Idea of "During The Same Time" in Modifying Adverbial Phrases | |
Expressing Cause and Effect in Modifying Adverbial Phrases | |
Using upon + -ing in Modifying Adverbial Phrases | |
Connectives that Express Cause and Effect, Contrast. and Condition | |
Using because of and due to | |
Using Transitions to Show Cause and Effect: therefore and consequently | |
Summary of Patterns and Punctuation | |
Other Ways of Expressing Cause and Effect: such . that and so . that | |
Expressing Purpose: Using so that | |
Showing Contrast (Unexpected Result) | |
Showing Direct Contrast | |
Expressing Conditions: Using otherwise and or (else) | |
Summary of Connectives: Cause and Effect, Contrast, Condition | |
Conditional Sentences and Wishes | |
Overview of Basic Verb Forms Used in Conditional Sentences | |
True in the Present or Future | |
Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Present or Future | |
Untrue (Contrary to Fact) in the Past | |
Using Progressive Verb Forms in Conditional Sentences | |
Using "Mixed Time" in Conditional Sentences | |
Omitting if | |
Implied Conditions | |
Using as if / as though | |
Verb Forms Following wish | |
Using would to Make Wishes about the Future | |
Appendix: Supplementary Grammar Units | |
Basic Grammar Terminology | |
Subjects, Verbs, and Objects | |
Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases | |
Adjectives | |
Adverbs | |
The Verb be | |
Linking Verbs | |
Questions | |
Forms of Yes/No and Information Questions | |
Question Words | |
Shortened Yes/No Questions | |
Negative Questions | |
Tag Questions | |
Contractions | |
Negatives | |
Using not and Other Negative Words | |
D-2 | |
D-3 | |
Preposition Combinations | |
Preposition Combinations with Adjectives and Verbs | |
Connectives to Give Examples and to Continue an Idea | |
Connectives to Give Examples | |
Connectives to Continue the Same Idea | |
Verb Form Review Exercises | |
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