Western Civilization

by Unknown

• ISBN13: 9780618102136
• ISBN10: 0618102132
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-07-13
• Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing

Table of Contents

Preface	xvi
About the Authors	xxiv
Crisis and Recovery in Late Medieval Europe, 1300--1500	355	(38)
The Crisis of the Western Christian Church	356	(6)
The Babylonian Captivity, 1309--1377	357	(1)
The Great Schism, 1378--1417	358	(2)
Heresy and the Council of Constance, 1414--1418	360	(1)
The Reunion and Reform of the Papacy, 1415--1513	361	(1)
War, Disorder, and Revolts in Western Europe, 1300--1450	362	(9)
England, France, and the Hundred Years' War, 1337--1453	362	(6)
Italy	368	(3)
Economy and Society	371	(7)
The Plague and Demographic Crisis	371	(3)
Trade and Agriculture	374	(4)
The Consolidation of the Late Medieval Governments, 1450--1500	378	(12)
France, England, and Scandinavia	378	(1)
Eastern Europe and Russia	379	(2)
The Ottoman Empire	381	(3)
The Union of Crowns in Spain	384	(3)
The Limits of Consolidation: Germany	387	(1)
Summary	388	(1)
Suggested Reading	389	(1)
Weighing the Evidence A Painting of the Plague	390	(3)
The Renaissance	393	(36)
Humanism and Culture in Italy, 1300--1500	394	(9)
The Emergence of Humanism	394	(2)
Early Humanism	396	(1)
Humanistic Studies	397	(3)
The Transformation of Humanism	400	(2)
Humanism and Political Thought	402	(1)
The Arts in Italy, 1250--1550	403	(7)
The Artistic Renaissance	404	(4)
Art and Patronage	408	(2)
The Spread of the Renaissance, 1350--1536	410	(8)
Vernacular Literatures	410	(1)
The Impact of Printing	411	(1)
Humanism Outside Italy	412	(2)
Thomas More and Desiderius Erasmus	414	(3)
Renaissance Art in the North	417	(1)
The Renaissance and Court Society	418
The Elaboration of the Court	419	(1)
The Court of Mantua	419	(1)
Castiglione and the European Gentleman	420	(2)
The Renaissance Papacy	422	(2)
Summary	424	(1)
Suggested Reading	425
Information Technology The Print Revolution	414	(12)
Weighing the Evidence The Art of Renaissance Florence	426	(3)
European Overseas Expansion to 1600	429	(32)
The European Background, 1250--1492	430	(5)
Navigational Innovations	430	(1)
Lands Beyond Christendom	431	(3)
The Revolution in Geography	434	(1)
Portuguese Voyages of Exploration, 1350--1515	435	(5)
The Early Voyages	437	(1)
The Search for a Sea Route to Asia	438	(1)
The Portuguese in Asia	438	(2)
Spanish Voyages of Exploration, 1492--1522	440	(4)
The Role of Columbus	440	(3)
Columbus's Successors	443	(1)
Spain's Colonial Empire, 1492--1600	444	(9)
The Americas Before the European Invasion	444	(4)
The Spanish Conquests	448	(2)
Colonial Organization	450	(1)
The Colonial Economy	450	(2)
The Debate over Indian Rights	452	(1)
The Columbian Exchange	453	(5)
Disease	453	(2)
Plants and Animals	455	(1)
Culture	456	(1)
Summary	456	(1)
Suggested Reading	457	(1)
Weighing the Evidence The Ships of Exploration	458	(3)
The Age of the Reformation	461	(38)
The Reformation Movements, CA. 1517--1545	462	(10)
The Late Medieval Context	462	(2)
Martin Luther and the New Theology	464	(3)
The Reformation of the Communities	467	(3)
John Calvin and the Reformed Tradition	470	(2)
The Radical Reform of the Anabaptists	472	(1)
The Empire of Charles V (R. 1519--1556)	472	(6)
Imperial Challenges	473	(2)
German Politics	475	(2)
The Religious Settlement	477	(1)
The English Reformation, 1520--1603	478	(5)
Henry VIII and the Monarchical Reformation	478	(2)
Reform and Counter-Reform Under Edward and Mary	480	(1)
The Elizabethan Settlement	480	(3)
France, Scandinavia, and Eastern Europe, 1523--1560	483	(3)
France	483	(2)
Scandinavia	485	(1)
Eastern Europe	485	(1)
The Late Reformation, CA. 1545--1600	486	(8)
Catholic Reform, 1512--1600	486	(4)
Confessionalization	490	(1)
The Regulation of Religious Life	491	(2)
Summary	493	(3)
Suggested Reading	496	(4)
Weighing the Evidence A Reformation Woodcut	494	(5)
Europe in the Age of Religious Wars, 1560--1648	499	(40)
Economic Change and Social Tensions	500	(5)
Economic Transformation and the New Elites	500	(2)
Economic Change and the Common People	502	(1)
Coping with Poverty and Violence	502	(2)
The Hunt for Witches	504	(1)
Imperial Spain and the Limits of Royal Power	505	(9)
The Revolt of the Netherlands	505	(6)
The Failure of the Invincible Armada	511	(1)
Successes at Home and Around the Mediterranean	511	(2)
Spain in Decline, 1600--1648	513	(1)
Religious and Political Conflict in France and England	514	(9)
The French Religious Wars, 1562--1598	514	(3)
The Consolidation of Royal Authority in France, 1598--1643	517	(1)
Precarious Stability in England: The Reign of Elizabeth I, 1558--1603	518	(3)
Rising Tensions in England, 1603--1642	521	(2)
The Holy Roman Empire and the Thirty Years' War, 1555--1648	523	(6)
Peace Through Diversity, 1556--ca. 1618	523	(1)
The Thirty Years' War, 1618--1648	524	(3)
The Effects of the War	527	(2)
Writing, Drama, and Art in an Age of Upheaval	529	(7)
Literacy and Literature	529	(2)
The Great Age of Theater	531	(1)
Sovereignty in Ceremony, Image, and Word	531	(2)
Baroque Art and Architecture	533	(1)
Summary	534	(1)
Suggested Reading	535	(1)
Weighing the Evidence Art at Court	536	(3)
Europe in the Age of Louis XIV, ca. 1640--1715	539	(34)
France in the Age of Absolutism	540	(8)
The Last Challenge to Absolutism: The Fronde, 1648--1653	540	(2)
France Under Louis XIV, 1661--1715	542	(1)
The Life of the Court	543	(2)
The Burdens of War and the Limits of Power	545	(3)
English Civil War and Its Aftermath	548	(5)
Civil War and Regicide, 1642--1649	548	(3)
The Interregnum, 1649--1660	551	(1)
The Restoration, 1660--1685	552	(1)
The Glorious Revolution, 1688	552	(1)
New Powers in Central and Eastern Europe	553	(7)
The Consolidation of Austria	553	(1)
The Rise of Brandenburg-Prussia	554	(1)
Competition Around the Baltic: The Demise of Poland and the Zenith of Swedish Power	555	(2)
The Expansion of Russia	557	(3)
The Expansion of Overseas Trade and Settlement	560	(10)
The Growth of Trading Empires: The Success of the Dutch	560	(1)
The ``Golden Age'' of the Netherlands	561	(2)
The Growth of Atlantic Colonies and Commerce	563	(5)
The Beginning of the End of Traditional Society	568	(1)
Summary	569	(1)
Suggested Reading	569	(1)
Weighing the Evidence Table Manners	570	(3)
A Revolution in World-View	573	(30)
The Revolution in Astronomy, 1543--1632	574	(8)
The Inherited World-View and the Sixteenth-Century Context	574	(3)
The Copernican Challenge	577	(1)
The First Copernican Astronomers	578	(1)
Galileo and the Triumph of Copernicanism	579	(3)
The Scientific Revolution Generalized, CA. 1600--1700	582	(8)
The Promise of the New Science	582	(2)
Scientific Thought in France: Descartes and a New Cosmology	584	(3)
Science and Revolution in England	587	(1)
The Newtonian Synthesis: The Copernican Revolution Completed	588	(1)
Other Branches of Science	589	(1)
The New Science: Society, Politics, and Religion	590	(10)
The Beginnings of Scientific Professionalism	590	(2)
The New Science, the State, and the Church	592	(4)
The New Science and Human Affairs at the End of the Seventeenth Century	596	(2)
Summary	598	(1)
Suggested Reading	599	(1)
Weighing the Evidence Modern Maps	600	(3)
Europe on the Threshold of Modernity, ca. 1715--1789	603	(40)
The Enlightenment	604	(13)
Voltaire: The Quintessential Philosophe	604	(3)
The Variety of Enlightenment Thought	607	(4)
The Growth of Public Opinion	611	(2)
Art in the Age of Reason	613	(4)
European States in the Age of Enlightenment	617	(7)
France During the Enlightenment	617	(1)
Monarchy and Constitutional Government in Great Britain	618	(2)
``Enlightened'' Monarchy	620	(1)
Enlightenment and Tradition: The Case of Austria	621	(1)
Catherine the Great and the Empire of Russia	622	(2)
The Widening Scope of Warfare	624	(7)
A Century of Warfare: Circumstances and Rationales	625	(1)
The Power of Austria and Prussia	626	(1)
The Atlantic World: Trade, Colonization, Competition	626	(3)
Great Britain and France: Wars Overseas	629	(2)
Economic Expansion and Social Change	631
More Food and More People	631	(2)
The Growth of Industry	633	(2)
Control and Resistance	635	(2)
Summary	637	(3)
Suggested Reading	640	(4)
Information Technology Newspapers	614	(24)
Weighing the Evidence Gardens	638	(5)
An Age of Revolution, 1789--1815	643
The Beginnings of Revolution, 1775--1789	644	(9)
Revolutionary Movements in Europe	644	(2)
The American Revolution and the Kingdom of France	646	(1)
The Crisis of the Old Regime	647	(3)
1789: A Revolution Begins	650	(3)
The Phases of the Revolution, 1789--1799	653	(8)
The First Phase Completed, 1789--1791	653	(3)
The Second Phase and Foreign War, 1791--1793	656	(1)
The Faltering Republic and the Terror, 1793--1794	657	(3)
Thermidorian Reaction and the Directory, 1794--1799	660	(1)
The Napoleonic Era and the Legacy of Revolution, 1799--1815	661	(13)
Napoleon: From Soldier to Emperor, 1799--1804	661	(2)
Conquering Europe, 1805--1810	663	(3)
Defeat and Abdication, 1812--1815	666	(3)
The Legacy of Revolution for France and the World	669	(3)
The View from Britain	672	(1)
Summary	673	(1)
Suggested Reading	673	(1)
Weighing the Evidence Political Symbols	674
Glossary	1	(16)
Credits	17	(2)
Index	19