Whaley & Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing,9780815192701

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Whaley & Wong's Essentials of Pediatric Nursing

by Wong, Donna L.

Edition:

1st

ISBN13:

9780815192701

ISBN10:

0815192703

Format:

Hardcover

Pub. Date:

1/1/1997

Publisher(s):

Elsevier Science Health Science div

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Summary

Whaley and Wong's "Essentials Pediatric Nursing", by renowned author Donna Wong, is known for being completely accurate, thoroughly up-to-date, comprehensive, and easy for students to understand. Today's students will find the book's appearance highly apppealing, with superior illustrations and a beautiful full-color design throughout, making key information in the text easy to find. This edition features additional coverage of key topics emphasized in today's nursing education and practice, such as family, home care, cultural awareness, and critical thinking. Content continually updated through Donna Wong's/Mosby's Pediatric Nursing Home Page on the Internet.

UNIT ONE CHILDREN, THEIR FAMILIES, AND THE NURSE

(105)

CHAPTER 1 Perspectives of Pediatric Nursing

(19)

HEALTH DURING CHILDHOOD

(8)

"Healthy People 2000"

(1)

Mortality

(1)

Infant mortality

(2)

Childhood mortality

(2)

Morbidity

(1)

Childhood morbidity

(2)

The new morbidity

(1)

Evolution of child health care in the United States

(2)

PEDIATRIC NURSING

(10)

Philosophy of care

(1)

Family-centered care

(1)

Atraumatic care

(1)

Primary nursing

(1)

Case management

(1)

Role of the pediatric nurse

(1)

Therapeutic relationship

(1)

Family advocacy/caring

(1)

Disease prevention/health promotion

(1)

Health teaching

(1)

Support/counseling

(1)

Restorative role

(1)

Coordination/collaboration

(1)

Ethical decision making

(1)

Research

(1)

Health care planning

(1)

Future trends

(4)

CHAPTER 2 Nursing Process in Care of the Child and Family

(11)

CRITICAL THINKING AND NURSING PROCESS

(2)

Assessment

(1)

NURSING DIAGNOSIS

(8)

Diagnostic statement

(1)

Problem/human response

(1)

Etiology/related or contributing factors

(1)

Signs and symptoms/defining characteristics

(1)

Planning

(1)

Nursing care plans

(2)

Implementation

(1)

Evaluation

(1)

Documentation

(3)

CHAPTER 3 Social, Cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

(29)

CULTURE

(6)

Social roles

(1)

Guilt and shame orientation

(1)

Subcultural influences

(1)

Ethnicity

(1)

Social class/occupation

(1)

Poverty

(1)

Affluence

(1)

Religion

(1)

Schools

(1)

Peer cultures

(1)

Biculture

(1)

The child and family in North America

(1)

Minority-group membership

(1)

Cultural shock

(1)

CULTURAL/RELIGIOUS INFLUENCES ON HEALTH CARE

(22)

Susceptibility to health problems

(1)

Hereditary factors

(1)

Socioeconomic factors

(1)

Customs and folkways

(1)

Cultural relativity

(1)

Relationships with health care providers

(1)

Food customs

(1)

Health beliefs and practices

(1)

Health beliefs

(1)

Health practices

(1)

Folklore related to prenatal influences

(1)

Religious beliefs

(6)

Importance of culture and religion to nurses

(9)

CHAPTER 4 Family Influences on Child Health Promotion

(23)

GENERAL CONCEPTS

(2)

Definition of family

(1)

Family theories

(1)

Family systems theory

(1)

Family stress theory

(1)

Developmental theory

(1)

Family nursing interventions

(1)

FAMILY FUNCTION AND STRUCTURE

(3)

Family function

(1)

Family structure

(1)

Nuclear family

(1)

Single-parent family

(1)

Binuclear family

(1)

Reconstituted family

(1)

Extended family

(1)

Alternative family structures

(1)

Family strengths

(1)

FAMILY ROLES AND RELATIONSHIPS

(3)

Parental roles

(1)

Role learning

(1)

Family size and configuration

(1)

Family size

(1)

Spacing of children and ordinal position

(1)

Sibling interaction

(1)

Multiple births

(1)

PARENTING

(5)

Motivation for parenthood

(1)

Preparation for parenthood

(1)

Transition to parenthood

(1)

Support systems

(1)

Parenting behaviors

(1)

Parental styles of control

(1)

Limit-setting and discipline

(1)

Minimizing misbehavior

(1)

General guidelines for implementing discipline

(1)

Types of discipline

(2)

SPECIAL PARENTING SITUATIONS

(9)

Parenting the adopted child

(1)

The adoptive family

(2)

Parenting and divorce

(1)

Impact of divorce on children

(2)

Custody and parenting partnerships

(1)

Single-parenting

(1)

Parenting in reconstituted families

(1)

Parenting in dual-earner families

(1)

Working mothers

(1)

Accommodating contemporary parenting situations

(3)

CHAPTER 5 Developmental Influences on Child Health Promotion

(23)

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

(6)

Foundations of growth and development

(1)

Stages of development

(1)

Patterns of growth and development

(2)

Individual differences

(1)

Biologic growth and physical development

(1)

External proportions

(1)

Biologic determinants of growth and development

(1)

Skeletal growth and maturation

(1)

Neurologic maturation

(1)

Lymphoid tissues

(1)

Development of organ systems

(1)

Physiologic changes

(1)

Metabolism

(1)

Temperature

(1)

Sleep and rest

(1)

Temperament

(1)

Significance of temperament

(1)

DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALITY AND MENTAL FUNCTION

(5)

Theoretic foundations of personality development

(1)

Psychosexual development (Freud)

(1)

Psychosocial development (Erikson)

(1)

Theoretic foundations of mental development

(1)

Cognitive development (Piaget)

(1)

Language development

(1)

Moral development (Kohlberg)

(1)

Spiritual development

(1)

Development of self-concept

(1)

Body image

(1)

Self-esteem

(1)

ROLE OF PLAY IN DEVELOPMENT

(3)

Classification of play

(1)

Content of play

(1)

Social character of play

(1)

Functions of play

(1)

Sensorimotor development

(1)

Intellectual development

(1)

Socialization

(1)

Creativity

(1)

Self-awareness

(1)

Therapeutic value

(1)

Moral value

(1)

Toys

(1)

Toy safety

(1)

SELECTED FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE DEVELOPMENT

(8)

Heredity

(1)

Neuroendocrine factors

(2)

Nutrition

100

(1)

Interpersonal relationships

100

(1)

Socioeconomic level

100

(1)

Disease

101

(1)

Environmental hazards

101

(1)

Stress in childhood

101

(1)

Coping

101

(1)

Influence of the mass media

102

(1)

Reading materials

102

(1)

Movies

102

(1)

Television

102

(4)

UNIT TWO ASSESSMENT OF THE CHILD AND FAMILY

106

(73)

CHAPTER 6 Communication and Health Assessment of the Child and Family

106

(28)

COMMUNICATION

107

(1)

Verbal communication--the power of words

107

(1)

Avoidance language

107

(1)

Distancing language

107

(1)

Nonverbal communication--paralanguage

107

(1)

Confirming and disconfirming behaviors

108

(1)

GUIDELINES FOR COMMUNICATION AND INTERVIEWING

108

(1)

Establishing a setting for communication

108

(1)

Appropriate introduction

108

(1)

Role clarification and explanation of the interview

108

(1)

Preliminary acquaintance

108

(1)

Assurance of privacy and confidentiality

109

(1)

COMMUNICATING WITH FAMILIES

109

(9)

Communicating with parents

109

(1)

Encouraging the parent to talk

109

(1)

Directing the focus

110

(1)

Listening and cultural awareness

110

(1)

Using silence

111

(1)

Being empathic

111

(1)

Defining the problem

111

(1)

Solving the problem

112

(1)

Providing anticipatory guidance

112

(1)

Avoiding blocks to communication

112

(1)

Communicating with families through an interpreter

112

(1)

Communicating with children

113

(1)

Communication related\to development of thought processes

113

(2)

Communication techniques

115

(3)

Play

118

(1)

HISTORY TAKING

118

(5)

Performing a health history

118

(1)

Identifying information

118

(1)

Chief complaint

118

(1)

Present illness

119

(1)

Past history

120

(1)

Review of systems

121

(1)

Family medical history

121

(1)

Psychosocial history

122

(1)

Sexual history

122

(1)

FAMILY ASSESSMENT

123

(3)

Assessment of family structure

123

(2)

Assessment of family function

125

(1)

NUTRITIONAL ASSESSMENT

126

(8)

Dietary intake

126

(1)

Clinical examination

127

(3)

Evaluation of nutritional assessment

130

(4)

CHAPTER 7 Physical and Developmental Assessment of the Child

134

(45)

GENERAL APPROACHES TOWARD EXAMINING THE CHILD

135

(1)

Sequence of the examination

135

(1)

Preparation of the child

135

(1)

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION

135

(38)

Growth measurements

138

(1)

Length

139

(1)

Height

140

(1)

Weight

140

(1)

Skinfold thickness and arm circumference

140

(1)

Head circumference

141

(1)

Physiologic measurements

141

(1)

Temperature

141

(3)

Pulse

144

(1)

Respiration

145

(1)

Blood pressure

145

(2)

General appearance

147

(1)

Skin

148

(1)

Accessory structures

148

(1)

Lymph nodes

149

(1)

Head and neck

149

(1)

Eyes

150

(1)

Inspection of external structures

150

(1)

Inspection of internal structures

151

(1)

Vision testing

152

(4)

Ears

156

(1)

Inspection of external structures

156

(1)

Inspection of internal structures

156

(2)

Auditory testing

158

(2)

Nose

160

(1)

Inspection of external structures

160

(1)

Inspection of internal structures

160

(1)

Mouth and throat

160

(1)

Inspection of internal structures

161

(1)

Chest

162

(1)

Lungs

163

(1)

Auscultation

164

(1)

Heart

165

(1)

Auscultation

166

(1)

Abdomen

166

(1)

Inspection

166

(1)

Auscultation

167

(1)

Palpation

167

(1)

Genitalia

168

(1)

Male genitalia

168

(1)

Female genitalia

169

(1)

Anus

170

(1)

Back and extremities

170

(1)

Spine

170

(1)

Extremities

170

(1)

Joints

171

(1)

Muscles

171

(1)

Neurologic assessment

171

(1)

Cerebellar functioning

172

(1)

Reflexes

173

(1)

Cranial nerves

173

(1)

DEVELOPMENTAL ASSESSMENT

173

(6)

Denver II

173

(3)

Revised Prescreening Developmental Questionaire (R-PDQ)

176

(1)

Developmental screening and interpretation

176

(3)

UNIT THREE THE NEWBORN

179

(108)

CHAPTER 8 Health Promotion of the Newborn and Family

179

(42)

ADJUSTMENT TO EXTRAUTERINE LIFE

180

(3)

Immediate adjustments

180

(1)

Respiratory system

180

(1)

Circulatory system

180

(1)

Physiologic status of other systems

180

(1)

Thermoregulation

181

(1)

Hemopoietic system

181

(1)

Fluid and electrolyte balance

181

(1)

Gastrointestinal system

181

(1)

Renal system

182

(1)

Integumentary system

182

(1)

Musculoskeletal system

182

(1)

Defenses against infection

182

(1)

Endocrine system

182

(1)

Neurologic system

182

(1)

Sensory functions

183

(1)

NURSING CARE OF THE NEWBORN AND FAMILY

183

(38)

Assessment

183

(1)

Initial assessment: Apgar scoring

184

(1)

Clinical assessment of gestational age

184

(8)

Transitional assessment: periods of reactivity

192

(1)

Behavioral assessment

193

(1)

Assessment of attachment behaviors

193

(3)

Physical assessment

196

(5)

Nursing diagnoses

201

(1)

Planning

201

(1)

Implementation

201

(1)

Maintain a patent airway

201

(1)

Maintain stable body temperature

202

(1)

Protect from infection and injury

202

(4)

Provide optimum nutrition

206

(4)

Promote parent-infant bonding (attachment)

210

(3)

Prepare for discharge and home care

213

(1)

Nursing care plan: The normal newborn and family

214

(3)

Evaluation

217

(4)

CHAPTER 9 Health Problems of Newborns

221

(66)

BIRTH INJURIES

222

(3)

Soft tissue injury

222

(1)

Head trauma

222

(1)

Caput succedaneum

222

(1)

Cephalhematoma

222

(1)

Fractures

223

(1)

Paralyses

223

(1)

Facial paralysis

223

(1)

Brachial palsy

224

(1)

Phrenic nerve paralysis

224

(1)

COMMON PROBLEMS IN THE NEWBORN

225

(1)

Erythema toxicum neonatorum

225

(1)

Candidiasis

225

(1)

Candidal diaper dermatitis

225

(1)

Oral candidiasis

225

(1)

"Birthmarks"

226

(1)

NURSING CARE OF THE HIGH-RISK NEWBORN AND FAMILY

226

(23)

Identification of high-risk newborns

226

(1)

Classification of high-risk newborns

227

(1)

Assessment

227

(1)

Systematic assessment

227

(1)

Monitoring physiologic data

228

(1)

Nursing diagnoses

229

(1)

Planning

229

(1)

Implementation

229

(1)

Respiratory support

229

(1)

Thermoregulation

230

(1)

Protection from infection

231

(1)

Hydration

232

(1)

Nutrition

232

(3)

Feeding resistance

235

(1)

Energy conservation

235

(1)

Skin care

235

(1)

Administration of medications

235

(1)

Infant stress

236

(1)

Developmental intervention and care

237

(1)

Neonatal pain

238

(2)

Family support and involvement

240

(3)

Discharge planning and home care

243

(1)

Neonatal loss

243

(1)

Nursing care plan: The high-risk infant

244

(5)

Evaluation

249

(1)

HIGH RISK RELATED TO DYSMATURITY

249

(3)

Preterm infants

249

(2)

Postmature infants

251

(1)

HIGH RISK RELATED TO PHYSIOLOGIC COMPLICATIONS

252

(15)

Hyperbilirubinemia

252

(4)

Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)

256

(1)

Blood group incompatibility

256

(3)

Metabolic complications

259

(1)

Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)

259

(4)

Respiratory complications

263

(1)

Cardiovascular complications

263

(1)

Cerebral complications

263

(3)

Neonatal seizures

266

(1)

HIGH RISK RELATED TO INFECTIOUS PROCESSES

267

(3)

Sepsis

267

(1)

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)

268

(1)

Bullous impetigo

269

(1)

HIGH RISK RELATED TO MATERNAL FACTORS

270

(2)

Infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs)

270

(1)

Narcotic-addicted infants

270

(1)

Cocaine exposure

271

(1)

Maternal infections

272

(1)

CONGENITAL ABNORMALITIES

272

(4)

Chromosomal aberrations

275

(1)

Defects caused by chemical agents

276

(1)

INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM (IEMs)

276

(4)

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH)

276

(1)

Phenylketonuria (PKU)

277

(3)

Galactosemia

280

(1)

GENETIC EVALUATION AND COUNSELING

280

(7)

Psychologic aspects of genetic disease

280

(7)

UNIT FOUR INFANCY

287

(73)

CHAPTER 10 Health Promotion of the Infant and Family

287

(48)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

288

(20)

Biologic development

288

(1)

Proportional changes

288

(1)

Maturation of systems

288

(2)

Fine motor behavior

290

(1)

Gross motor development

290

(3)

Psychosocial development

293

(1)

Developing a sense of trust (Erikson)

293

(1)

Cognitive development

294

(1)

The sensorimotor phase (Piaget)

294

(1)

Development of body image

295

(1)

Social development

295

(1)

Attachment

296

(1)

Language development

296

(1)

Play

297

(1)

Temperament

297

(2)

Childrearing practices related to temperament

299

(7)

Coping with concerns related to normal growth and development

306

(1)

Separation and stranger fear

306

(1)

Alternate child care arrangements

306

(1)

Limit-setting and discipline

306

(1)

Thumb-sucking and use of pacifier

307

(1)

Teething

307

(1)

Infant shoes

308

(1)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM HEALTH DURING INFANCY

308

(27)

Nutrition

308

(1)

The first 6 months

308

(1)

The second 6 months

309

(1)

Selection and preparation of solid foods

309

(1)

Introduction of solid foods

309

(1)

Preventing obesity

310

(1)

Weaning

311

(1)

Sleep and activity

311

(1)

Sleep problems

311

(2)

Dental health

313

(1)

Immunizations

313

(1)

Schedule for immunizations

313

(2)

Recommendations for routine immunizations

315

(3)

Recommendations for selected immunizations

318

(1)

Reactions

318

(1)

Contraindications/precautions

319

(1)

Administration

319

(3)

Injury prevention

322

(1)

Aspiration of foreign objects

322

(3)

Suffocation

325

(1)

Motor vehicle injuries

325

(1)

Falls

326

(1)

Poisoning

327

(1)

Burns

328

(1)

Drowning

328

(2)

Bodily damage

330

(1)

Nurse's role in injury prevention

330

(1)

Anticipatory guidance--care of families

331

(4)

CHAPTER 11 Health Problems of Infants

335

(25)

NUTRITIONAL DISTURBANCES

336

(12)

Vitamin disturbances

336

(1)

Mineral disturbances

336

(1)

Vegetarian diets

336

(9)

Protein and energy malnutrition (PEM)

345

(1)

Kwashiorkor

345

(1)

Marasmus

345

(1)

Food sensitivity

346

(1)

Cow's milk allergy

346

(1)

Lactose intolerance

347

(1)

FEEDING DIFFICULTIES

348

(5)

Regurgitation and "spitting up"

348

(1)

Paroxysmal abdominal pain (colic)

348

(2)

Failure to thrive (FTT)

350

(3)

DISORDERS OF UNKNOWN ETIOLOGY

353

(7)

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

353

(1)

Child at risk for SIDS

353

(2)

Apnea of infancy (AOI)

355

(1)

Autism

356

(4)

UNIT FIVE EARLY CHILDHOOD

360

(82)

CHAPTER 12 Health Promotion of the Toddler and Family

360

(24)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

361

(10)

Biologic development

361

(1)

Proportional changes

361

(1)

Sensory changes

361

(1)

Maturation of systems

361

(1)

Gross and fine motor development

362

(1)

Psychosocial development

362

(1)

Developing a sense of autonomy (Erikson)

362

(1)

Cognitive development

363

(1)

Sensorimotor and preconceptual phase (Piaget)

363

(1)

Spiritual development

364

(1)

Development of body image

364

(1)

Development of sexuality

365

(1)

Social development

365

(1)

Language development

366

(1)

Personal-social behavior

366

(1)

Play

366

(1)

Summary of growth and development during toddlerhood

367

(1)

Coping with concerns related to normal growth and development

367

(1)

Toilet training

367

(2)

Sibling rivalry

369

(1)

Temper tantrums

370

(1)

Negativism

371

(1)

Regression

371

(1)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM HEALTH DURING TODDLERHOOD

371

(13)

Nutrition

371

(1)

Nutritional counseling

371

(1)

Sleep and activity

372

(1)

Dental health

372

(1)

Regular dental examinations

372

(1)

Removal of plaque

372

(1)

Fluoride

373

(1)

Low-cariogenic diet

374

(1)

Injury prevention

374

(1)

Motor vehicle injuries

375

(3)

Drowning

378

(1)

Burns

378

(1)

Poisoning

379

(1)

Falls

379

(1)

Aspiration and suffocation

380

(1)

Bodily damage

380

(1)

Anticipatory guidance--care of families

380

(4)

CHAPTER 13 Health Promotion of the Preschooler and Family

384

(15)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

385

(9)

Biologic development

385

(1)

Gross and fine motor behavior

385

(1)

Psychosocial development

385

(1)

Developing a sense of initiative (Erikson)

385

(1)

Cognitive development

386

(1)

Preoperational phase (Piaget)

386

(1)

Moral development

386

(1)

Preconventional or premoral level (Kohlberg)

386

(1)

Spiritual development

386

(1)

Development of body image

387

(1)

Development of sexuality

387

(1)

Social development

387

(1)

Language

387

(1)

Personal-social behavior

387

(1)

Play

388

(1)

Coping with concerns related to normal growth and development

389

(1)

Preschool and kindergarten experience

389

(3)

Sex education

392

(1)

Fears

393

(1)

Speech problems

393

(1)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM HEALTH DURING THE PRESCHOOL YEARS

394

(5)

Nutrition

394

(1)

Sleep and activity

394

(1)

Sleep problems

395

(1)

Dental health

395

(1)

Injury prevention

395

(1)

Anticipatory guidance--care of families

396

(3)

CHAPTER 14 Health Problems of Toddlers and Preschoolers

399

(43)

INFECTIOUS DISORDERS

400

(14)

Communicable diseases

400

(10)

Conjunctivitis

410

(2)

Nursing care plan: The child with a communicable disease

412

(1)

Stomatitis

413

(1)

INTESTINAL PARASITIC DISEASES

414

(3)

General nursing considerations

414

(1)

Giardiasis

415

(1)

Enterobiasis (pinworms)

416

(1)

INGESTION OF INJURIOUS AGENTS

417

(10)

Principles of emergency treatment

419

(1)

Assessment

420

(1)

Gastric decontamination

420

(1)

Prevention of recurrence

421

(1)

Heavy metal poisoning

422

(1)

Lead poisoning

422

(1)

Factors related to lead ingestion

422

(5)

CHILD MALTREATMENT

427

(15)

Child neglect

427

(1)

Types of neglect

427

(1)

Physical abuse

427

(1)

Munchausen syndrome by proxy (MSP)

427

(1)

Factors predisposing to physical abuse

428

(1)

Sexual abuse

428

(1)

Characteristics of abusers and victims

429

(1)

Initiation and perpetuation of sexual abuse

429

(1)

Nursing care of the maltreated child

429

(7)

Nursing care plan: The child who is maltreated

436

(6)

UNIT SIX MIDDLE CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE

442

(82)

CHAPTER 15 Health Promotion of the School-Age Child and Family

442

(23)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

443

(10)

Biologic development

443

(1)

Proportional changes

443

(1)

Maturation of systems

444

(1)

Prepubescence

444

(1)

Psychosocial development

444

(1)

Developing a sense of industry (Erikson)

444

(1)

Cognitive development (Piaget)

445

(2)

Moral development (Kohlberg)

447

(1)

Spiritual development

447

(1)

Social development

447

(1)

Social relationships and cooperation

447

(1)

Relationships with families

448

(1)

Play

449

(1)

Developing a self-concept

450

(1)

Developing a body image

450

(1)

Coping with concerns related to normal growth and development

450

(1)

School experience

450

(1)

Latchkey children

451

(1)

Limit-setting and discipline

452

(1)

Dishonest behavior

452

(1)

Stress and fear

452

(1)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM HEALTH DURING THE SCHOOL YEARS

453

(12)

Nutrition

453

(1)

Sleep and rest

453

(1)

Exercise and activity

453

(2)

Sports

455

(1)

Acquisition of skills

456

(1)

Dental health

456

(1)

Dental problems

457

(1)

Sex education

458

(1)

Nurse's role in sex education

458

(1)

School health

458

(1)

Injury prevention

459

(2)

Anticipatory guidance--care of families

461

(4)

CHAPTER 16 Health Promotion of the Adolescent and Family

465

(24)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

466

(13)

Biologic development

466

(1)

Hormonal changes of puberty

466

(2)

Sexual maturation

468

(1)

Physical growth

469

(1)

Physiologic changes

470

(1)

Psychosocial development

471

(1)

Developing a sense of identity (Erikson)

471

(1)

Cognitive development (Piaget)

472

(1)

Moral development (Kohlberg)

472

(1)

Spiritual development

472

(1)

Social development

473

(1)

Relationships with parents

473

(1)

Relationships with peers

473

(1)

Heterosexual relationships

474

(1)

Homosexuality in adolescents

475

(1)

Interests with activities

475

(1)

Development of self-concept and body image

476

(1)

Boys' responses to puberty

477

(1)

Girls' responses to puberty

477

(2)

PROMOTING OPTIMUM HEALTH DURING ADOLESCENCE

479

(10)

Immunization

479

(1)

Nutrition

479

(1)

Eating habits and behavior

480

(1)

Sleep and rest

481

(1)

Exercise and activity

481

(1)

Dental health

481

(1)

Personal care

481

(1)

Vision

482

(1)

Hearing

482

(1)

Posture

482

(1)

Body piercing

482

(1)

Suntanning

482

(1)

Stress reduction

483

(1)

Sexuality education and guidance

483

(1)

Injury prevention

484

(1)

Vehicle-related injuries

484

(1)

Firearms

484

(1)

Sports injuries

484

(2)

Anticipatory guidance--care of families

486

(3)

CHAPTER 17 Health Problems of School-Age Children and Adolescents

489

(35)

COMMON HEALTH PROBLEMS

490

(2)

Infectious mononucleosis

490

(1)

Smoking

491

(1)

Smokeless tobacco

491

(1)

HEALTH PROBLEMS RELATED TO SPORTS PARTICIPATION

492

(1)

Overuse syndromes

492

(1)

Stress fractures

493

(1)

Nurse's role in sports for children and adolescents

493

(1)

ALTERED GROWTH AND MATURATION

493

(3)

Tall or short stature

494

(1)

Tall stature

494

(1)

Short stature

494

(1)

Sex chromosome abnormalities

494

(1)

Turner syndrome

495

(1)

Klinefelter syndrome

495

(1)

DISORDERS RELATED TO THE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

496

(2)

Amenorrhea

496

(1)

Exercise-related menstrual dysfunction

496

(1)

Dysmenorrhea

496

(1)

Vaginitis

496

(1)

Disorders of the male reproductive system

497

(1)

Gynecomastia

497

(1)

HEALTH PROBLEMS RELATED TO SEXUALITY

498

(5)

Adolescent pregnancy

498

(1)

Contraception

498

(1)

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)

498

(2)

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

500

(2)

Rape

502

(1)

Rape trauma syndrome

503

(1)

EATING DISORDERS

503

(5)

Obesity

503

(3)

Anorexia nervosa (AN)

506

(2)

Bulimia

508

(1)

DISORDERS WITH BEHAVIORAL COMPONENTS

508

(6)

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disability (LD)

508

(2)

Enuresis

510

(1)

Encopresis

511

(1)

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

512

(1)

School phobia

512

(1)

Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP)

512

(1)

Conversion reaction

513

(1)

Childhood depression

513

(1)

Childhood schizophrenia

514

(1)

SERIOUS HEALTH PROBLEMS OF LATER CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE

514

(10)

Substance abuse

514

(1)

Motivation

514

(1)

Types of drugs abused

514

(3)

Suicide

517

(1)

Suicidal methods

517

(1)

Motivation

517

(7)

UNIT SEVEN THE CHILD AND FAMILY WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

524

(84)

CHAPTER 18 Impact of Chronic Illness, Disability, or Death on the Child and Family

524

(43)

PERSPECTIVES IN THE CARE OF CHILDREN WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

525

(2)

Scope of the problem

525

(1)

Changing trends in care

525

(1)

Developmental focus

525

(1)

Family-centered care

526

(1)

Normalization

527

(1)

THE FAMILY OF THE CHILD WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

527

(6)

Reactions of families to a chronic illness or disability

527

(1)

Shock and denial

527

(1)

Adjustment

528

(1)

Reintegration and acknowledgment

529

(1)

Impact of child's chronic illness or disability on family members

529

(1)

Parents

529

(1)

Siblings

530

(1)

Extended family members and society

531

(1)

Factors affecting the family's adjustment

531

(1)

Reactions of families to childhood death: the grief process

532

(1)

Anticipatory grief

532

(1)

Acute grief

532

(1)

Mourning

533

(1)

THE CHILD WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

533

(4)

Impact of chronic illness or disability on the child

533

(1)

Developmental aspects

533

(2)

Coping mechanisms

535

(1)

Responses to parental behavior

536

(1)

Type of illness or disability

536

(1)

Impact of impending death on the child

536

(1)

Developmental concepts of death

537

(1)

Influence of experience

537

(1)

NURSING CARE OF THE FAMILY AND CHILD WITH SPECIAL NEEDS

537

(19)

Provide support at time of diagnosis

540

(2)

Accept family's emotional reactions

542

(1)

Help family cope

542

(4)

Educate about the disorder and general health care

546

(1)

Promote normal development

547

(3)

Establish realistic future goals

550

(1)

Nursing care plan: The child with a chronic illness or disability

551

(5)

NURSING CARE OF THE FAMILY AND CHILD WHO IS TERMINALLY ILL OR DYING

556

(11)

Unexpected childhood death

556

(1)

Anticipated death

557

(1)

At the time of death

558

(1)

Postdeath

559

(2)

Nursing care plan: The child who is terminally ill or dying

561

(2)

Nurses' reactions to caring for dying children

563

(4)

CHAPTER 19 Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family

567

(30)

COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT

568

(11)

General concepts

568

(1)

Nursing care of children with cognitive impairment

569

(5)

Nursing care plan: The child with mental retardation

574

(1)

Down syndrome

575

(3)

Fragile X syndrome

578

(1)

SENSORY IMPAIRMENT

579

(18)

Hearing impairment

579

(5)

Nursing care plan: The child with hearing impairment

584

(2)

Visual impairment

586

(6)

Deaf-blind children

592

(1)

Retinoblastoma

592

(5)

CHAPTER 20 Family-Centered Home Care

597

(11)

GENERAL CONCEPTS OF HOME CARE

598

(2)

Definition

598

(1)

Impetus for home care

598

(1)

Effectiveness of home care

598

(1)

Discharge planning and selection of a home care agency

599

(1)

Case management

599

(1)

Role of the nurse, training, and standards of care

600

(1)

FAMILY-CENTERED HOME CARE

600

(8)

Respect for diversity

600

(1)

Parent-professional collaboration

601

(1)

The nursing process

602

(1)

Promotion of optimum development, self-care, and education

603

(1)

Safety issues in the home

604

(1)

Family-to-family support

605

(3)

UNIT EIGHT IMPACT OF HOSPITALIZATION ON THE CHILD AND FAMILY

608

(140)

CHAPTER 21 Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

608

(64)

STRESSORS OF HOSPITALIZATION AND CHILDREN'S REACTIONS

609

(8)

Separation anxiety

609

(1)

Early childhood

610

(1)

Later childhood and adolescence

611

(1)

Loss of control

611

(1)

Infants

611

(1)

Toddlers

611

(1)

Preschoolers

612

(1)

School-age children

612

(1)

Adolescents

612

(1)

Bodily injury and pain

613

(1)

Infants

613

(1)

Toddlers

614

(1)

Preschoolers

614

(1)

School-age children

615

(1)

Adolescents

616

(1)

Effects of hospitalization on the child

616

(1)

Individual risk factors

617

(1)

Beneficial effects of hospitalization

617

(1)

NURSING CARE OF THE CHILD WHO IS HOSPITALIZED

617

(37)

Admission assessment

617

(3)

Pain assessment

620

(8)

Prepare child for hospitalization

628

(1)

Prevent or minimize separation

629

(2)

Minimize loss of control

631

(1)

Prevent or minimize bodily injury

632

(1)

Provide pain management

633

(10)

Provide developmentally appropriate activities

643

(1)

Provide opportunities for play/expressive activities

644

(3)

Maximize potential benefits of hospitalization

647

(1)

Nursing care plan: The child in the hospital

648

(6)

STRESSORS AND REACTIONS IN THE FAMILY OF THE CHILD WHO IS HOSPITALIZED

654

(1)

Parental reactions

654

(1)

Sibling reactions

655

(1)

Altered family roles

655

(1)

NURSING CARE OF THE FAMILY

655

(8)

Discharge assessment

655

(1)

Encourage parent participation

656

(1)

Support family members

657

(1)

Provide information

657

(1)

Prepare for discharge and home care

658

(1)

Nursing care plan: The family of the ill or hospitalized child

659

(4)

CARE OF THE CHILD AND FAMILY IN SPECIAL HOSPITAL SITUATIONS

663

(9)

Ambulatory/outpatient setting

663

(1)

Isolation

663

(1)

Emergency admission

664

(1)

Intensive care unit (ICU)

665

(7)

CHAPTER 22 Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

672

(76)

GENERAL CONCEPTS RELATED TO PEDIATRIC PROCEDURES

673

(16)

Informed consent

673

(1)

Requirements for obtaining informed consent

673

(1)

Eligibility for giving informed consent

674

(1)

Preparation for procedures

675

(1)

Psychologic preparation

675

(4)

Performance of the procedure

679

(1)

Postprocedural support

679

(1)

Use of play in procedure

680

(1)

Surgical procedures

681

(1)

Preoperative care

681

(1)

Nursing care plan: The child undergoing surgery

682

(4)

Postoperative care

686

(1)

Compliance

687

(1)

Assessment of compliance

687

(1)

Strategies to enhance compliance

688

(1)

GENERAL HYGIENE AND CARE

689

(8)

Maintaining healthy skin

689

(3)

Bathing

692

(1)

Oral hygiene

693

(1)

Hair care

693

(1)

Feeding the sick child

693

(2)

Controlling elevated temperatures

695

(1)

Measures to reduce elevated temperature

695

(2)

Family teaching and home care

697

(1)

SAFETY

697

(9)

Infection control

697

(2)

Environmental factors

699

(2)

Limit-setting

701

(1)

Transporting infants and children

701

(1)

Restraints

702

(1)

Jacket restraint

702

(1)

Mummy restraint

702

(1)

Arm and leg restraints

702

(2)

Elbow restraint

704

(1)

Positioning for procedures

704

(1)

Jugular venipuncture

704

(1)

Femoral venipuncture

704

(1)

Extremity venipuncture

705

(1)

Lumbar puncture

705

(1)

Bone marrow aspiration or biopsy

706

(1)

Other procedures

706

(1)

COLLECTION OF SPECIMENS

706

(4)

Urine specimens

706

(1)

Clean-catch specimens

707

(1)

Twenty-four-hour collection

707

(1)

Special techniques

708

(1)

Stool specimens

708

(1)

Blood specimens

708

(2)

Respiratory secretion and throat specimens

710

(1)

ADMINISTRATION OF MEDICATION

710

(15)

Preparation for safe administration

710

(1)

Determination of drug dosage

710

(2)

Identification

712

(1)

Family aspects

712

(1)

Oral administration

712

(1)

Preparation

712

(1)

Administration

713

(1)

Intramuscular (IM) administration

714

(1)

Selecting the syringe and needle

714

(1)

Determining the site

715

(1)

Administration

715

(3)

Subcutaneous and intradermal administration

718

(1)

Intravenous (IV) administration

719

(1)

Peripheral venous access devices (VADs)

720

(1)

Central venous access devices

720

(2)

Nasogastric, orogastric, or gastrostomy administration

722

(1)

Rectal administration

722

(1)

Optic, otic, and nasal administration

723

(1)

Family teaching and home care

724

(1)

PROCEDURES RELATED TO MAINTAINING FLUID BALANCE

725

(3)

Measurement of intake and output (I & O)

725

(1)

Special needs when the child is NPO

725

(1)

Parenteral fluid therapy

725

(1)

Site and equipment

725

(1)

Special care considerations

726

(2)

Family teaching and home care

728

(1)

PROCEDURES FOR MAINTAINING RESPIRATORY FUNCTION

728

(9)

Inhalation therapy

728

(1)

Oxygen therapy

728

(1)

Monitoring oxygen therapy

729

(1)

Aerosol therapy

730

(1)

Bronchial (postural) drainage

731

(1)

Chest physiotherapy (CPT)

731

(1)

Artificial ventilation

731

(1)

Artificial airways

731

(2)

Tracheostomy

733

(3)

Family teaching and home care

736

(1)

PROCEDURES RELATED TO ALTERNATIVE FEEDING TECHNIQUES

737

(4)

Gavage feeding

737

(2)

Gastrostomy feeding

739

(1)

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)

740

(1)

Family teaching and home care

741

(1)

PROCEDURES RELATED TO ELIMINATION

741

(7)

Enema

741

(1)

Ostomies

742

(1)

Family teaching and home care

742

(6)

UNIT NINE THE CHILD WITH PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE TRANSFER OF OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS

748

(105)

CHAPTER 23 The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

748

(54)

RESPIRATORY INFECTION

749

(7)

General aspects of respiratory infections

749

(4)

Nursing care plan: The child with acute respiratory infection

753

(3)

ACUTE UPPER RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS (URIs)

756

(6)

Nasopharyngitis

756

(1)

Pharyngitis

757

(1)

Tonsillitis

758

(1)

Influenza

759

(1)

Otitis media (OM)

760

(2)

CROUP SYNDROMES

762

(4)

Acute epiglottitis

762

(1)

Acute laryngitis

763

(1)

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)

764

(1)

Acute spasmodic laryngitis

765

(1)

Bacterial tracheitis

765

(1)

INFECTIONS OF THE LOWER AIRWAYS

766

(3)

Bronchitis

766

(1)

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)/bronchiolitis

766

(2)

Pneumonias

768

(1)

Viral pneumonia

768

(1)

Primary atypical pneumonia

768

(1)

Bacterial pneumonia

768

(1)

OTHER INFECTIONS OF THE RESPIRATORY TRACT

769

(3)

Pertussis (whooping cough)

769

(1)

Tuberculosis (TB)

769

(3)

PULMONARY DYSFUNCTION CAUSED BY NONINFECTIONS IRRITANTS

772

(3)

Foreign body (FB) aspiration

772

(1)

Aspiration pneumonia

773

(1)

Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

773

(1)

Inhalation injury: smoke and carbon monoxide

773

(1)

Passive smoking

774

(1)

LONG-TERM RESPIRATORY DYSFUNCTION

775

(16)

Asthma

775

(8)

Nursing care plan: The child with asthma

783

(3)

Cystic fibrosis (CF)

786

(5)

RESPIRATORY EMERGENCY

791

(11)

Respiratory failure

791

(1)

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

792

(1)

Resuscitation procedure

793

(5)

Airway obstruction

798

(1)

Infants

798

(1)

Children

798

(4)

CHAPTER 24 The Child with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

802

(51)

GASTROINTESTINAL (GI) DYSFUNCTION

803

(3)

Dehydration

803

(1)

Water balance in infants

803

(1)

Types of dehydration

804

(2)

DISORDERS OF MOTILITY

806

(14)

Acute diarrhea

806

(4)

Nursing care plan: The child with acute diarrhea (gastroenteritis)

810

(1)

Acute infectious diarrhea

811

(3)

Constipation

814

(2)

Hirschsprung disease

816

(2)

Vomiting

818

(1)

Gastroesophageal reflux (GER)

818

(2)

INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS

820

(8)

Acute appendicitis

820

(2)

Nursing care plan: The child with appendicitis

822

(1)

Meckel diverticulum

823

(1)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

824

(3)

Peptic ulcer

827

(1)

HEPATIC DISORDERS

828

(4)

Acute hepatitis

828

(2)

Cirrhosis

830

(1)

Biliary atresia

831

(1)

STRUCTURAL DEFECTS

832

(8)

Cleft lip (CL) and/or cleft palate (CP)

833

(3)

Nursing care plan: The child with cleft lip and/or cleft palate

836

(2)

Esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)

838

(2)

Hernias

840

(1)

OBSTRUCTIVE DISORDERS

840

(7)

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS)

841

(3)

Intussusception

844

(1)

Anorectal malformations

845

(2)

MALABSORPTION SYNDROMES

847

(6)

Celiac disease (CD)

847

(1)

Short bowel syndrome (SBS)

848

(5)

UNIT TEN THE CHILD WITH PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE PRODUCTION AND CIRCULATION OF BLOOD

853

(98)

CHAPTER 25 The Child with Cardiovascular Dysfunction

853

(50)

CARDIOVASCULAR DYSFUNCTION

854

(3)

Assessment of cardiac function

854

(1)

History and physical examination

854

(1)

Diagnostic evaluation

854

(1)

Cardiac catheterization

854

(3)

CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE (CHD)

857

(11)

General concepts

857

(1)

Circulatory changes at birth

857

(1)

Altered hemodynamics

858

(1)

Classification of defects

858

(1)

Defects with increased pulmonary blood flow

858

(2)

Atrial septal defect (ASD)

860

(1)

Ventricular septal defect (VSD)

860

(1)

Atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect

861

(1)

Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

861

Obstructive defects

859

Coarctation of the aorta (COA)

862

(1)

Aortic stenosis (AS)

863

(1)

Pulmonic stenosis (PS)

864

Defects with decreased pulmonary blood flow

859

Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF)

864

(1)

Tricuspid atresia

865

Mixed defects

859

Transposition of the great arteries (TGA) or transposition of the great vessels (TGV)

866

(1)

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC)

866

(1)

Truncus arteriosus (TA)

867

(1)

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS)

868

(1)

CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES OF CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

868

(10)

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

868

(6)

Nursing care plan: The child with congestive heart failure

874

(2)

Hypoxemia

876

(2)

NURSING CARE OF THE FAMILY AND CHILD WITH CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

878

(7)

Assessment

878

(1)

Nursing diagnoses

878

(1)

Planning

878

(1)

Implementation

879

(1)

Help family adjust to the disorder

879

(1)

Educate family about the disorder

879

(1)

Help family cope with effects of the disorder

880

(1)

Prepare child and family for surgery

880

(1)

Provide postoperative care

881

(2)

Plan for discharge and home care

883

(1)

Evaluation

883

(1)

Nursing care plan: The child with congenital heart disease

884

(1)

ACQUIRED CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS

885

(5)

Bacterial (infective) endocarditis (BE)

885

(1)

Rheumatic fever (RF)

886

(2)

Hyperlipidemia (hypercholesterolemia)

888

(1)

Cardiac dysrhythmias

889

(1)

VASCULAR DYSFUNCTION

890

(9)

Systemic hypertension

890

(2)

Kawasaki disease (KD) (mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome)

892

(2)

Shock

894

(2)

Anaphylaxis

896

(1)

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

897

(1)

Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP)

898

(1)

HEART TRANSPLANTATION

899

(4)

CHAPTER 26 The Child with Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

903

(48)

HEMATOLOGIC/IMMUNOLOGIC DYSFUNCTION

904

(1)

Assessment of hematologic function

904

(1)

RED BLOOD CELL (RBC) DISORDERS

904

(14)

Anemia

904

(4)

Nursing care plan: The child with anemia

908

(2)

Iron deficiency anemia

910

(1)

Sickle cell anemia (SCA)

911

(4)

Beta-Thalassemia (Cooley anemia)

915

(2)

Aplastic anemia

917

(1)

DEFECTS IN HEMOSTASIS

918

(4)

Hemophilia

918

(2)

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP)

920

(1)

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)

921

(1)

Epistaxis (nosebleeding)

922

(1)

NEOPLASTIC DISORDERS

922

(16)

Leukemias

922

(9)

Lymphomas

931

(1)

Hodgkin disease

931

(1)

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL)

932

(1)

Nursing care plan: The child with cancer

933

(5)

IMMUNOLOGIC DEFICIENCY DISORDERS

938

(5)

Mechanisms involved in immunity

938

(1)

Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)

939

(2)

Nursing care plan: The child with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

941

(1)

Severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID)

942

(1)

Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome

943

(1)

TECHNOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF HEMATOLOGIC/IMMUNOLOGIC DISORDERS

943

(8)

Blood transfusion therapy

943

(2)

Bone marrow transplantation (BMT)

945

(1)

Apheresis

945

(6)

UNIT ELEVEN THE CHILD WITH A DISTURBANCE OF REGULATORY MECHANISMS

951

(170)

CHAPTER 27 The Child with Genitourinary Dysfunction

951

(31)

GENITOURINARY DYSFUNCTION

952

(1)

Assessment of renal function

952

(1)

GENITOURINARY TRACT DISORDERS/DEFECTS

952

(8)

Urinary tract infection (UTI)

952

(6)

Obstructive uropathy

958

(1)

External defects

959

(1)

Psychologic problems related to genital surgery

959

(1)

GLOMERULAR DISEASE

960

(8)

Nephrotic syndrome

960

(4)

Nursing care plan: The child with nephrotic syndrome

964

(2)

Acute glomerulonephritis (AGN)

966

(2)

MISCELLANEOUS RENAL DISORDERS

968

(3)

Hemolytic-uremia syndrome (HUS)

968

(1)

Wilms tumor

969

(2)

RENAL FAILURE

971

(7)

Acute renal failure (ARF)

971

(2)

Chronic renal failure (CRF)

973

(3)

Nursing care plan: The child with chronic renal failure

976

(2)

TECHNOLOGIC MANAGEMENT OF RENAL FAILURE

978

(4)

Dialysis

978

(1)

Transplantation

979

(3)

CHAPTER 28 The Child with Cerebral Dysfunction

982

(52)

CEREBRAL DYSFUNCTION

983

(6)

Assessment of cerebral function

983

(1)

General aspects

983

(1)

Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

983

(1)

Altered states of consciousness

984

(1)

Neurologic examination

985

(2)

Special diagnostic procedures

987

(2)

NURSING CARE OF THE UNCONSCIOUS CHILD

989

(8)

Assessment

989

(1)

Nursing diagnoses

989

(1)

Planning

989

(1)

Implementation

989

(1)

Respiratory management

989

(1)

Increased ICP monitoring

990

(1)

Nutrition and hydration

991

(1)

Medications

992

(1)

Thermoregulation

992

(1)

Elimination

992

(1)

Hygienic care

992

(1)

Positioning and exercise

993

(1)

Stimulation

993

(1)

Family support

993

(1)

Nursing care plan: The unconscious child

994

(3)

Evaluation

997

(1)

CEREBRAL TRAUMA

997

(9)

Head injury

997

(7)

Near-drowning

1004

(2)

CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM TUMORS

1006

(5)

Brain tumors

1006

(4)

Neuroblastoma

1010

(1)

INTRACRANIAL INFECTIONS

1011

(5)

Bacterial meningitis

1011

(3)

Nonbacterial (aseptic) meningitis

1014

(1)

Encephalitis

1014

(1)

Reye syndrome (RS)

1015

(1)

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) encephalopathy

1015

(1)

Rabies

1016

(1)

SEIZURE DISORDERS

1016

(9)

Epilepsy

1017

(8)

Febrile seizures

1025

(1)

CEREBRAL MALFORMATIONS

1025

(9)

Cranial deformities

1025

(1)

Hydrocephalus

1026

(8)

CHAPTER 29 The Child With Endocrine Dysfunction

1034

(32)

DISORDERS OF PITUITARY FUNCTION

1035

(4)

Hypopituitarism: growth hormone (GH) deficiency

1036

(1)

Pituitary hyperfunction

1037

(1)

Precocious puberty

1038

(1)

Diabetes insipidus (DI)

1038

(1)

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)

1039

(1)

DISORDERS OF THYROID FUNCTION

1039

(4)

Juvenile hypothyroidism

1039

(1)

Goiter

1040

(1)

Lymphocytic thyroiditis

1040

(1)

Hyperthyroidism (Graves disease)

1041

(2)

DISORDERS OF PARATHYROID FUNCTION

1043

(1)

Hypoparathyroidism

1043

(1)

Hyperparathyroidism

1044

(1)

DISORDERS OF ADRENAL FUNCTION

1044

(6)

Acute adrenocortical insufficiency

1044

(1)

Chronic adrenocortical insufficiency (Addison disease)

1045

(1)

Cushing syndrome

1046

(1)

Congenital adrenogenital hyperplasia (CAH)

1047

(2)

Hyperaldosteronism

1049

(1)

Pheochromocytoma

1049

(1)

DISORDERS OF PANCREATIC HORMONE FUNCTION

1050

(16)

Diabetes mellitus (DM)

1050

(11)

Nursing care plan: The child with diabetes mellitus

1061

(5)

CHAPTER 30 The Child with Integumentary Dysfunction

1066

(55)

INTEGUMENTARY DYSFUNCTION

1067

(12)

Skin lesions

1067

(1)

Skin of younger children

1067

(3)

Wounds

1070

(1)

Epidermal injuries

1070

(1)

Injury to deeper tissues

1070

(2)

Process of wound healing

1072

(1)

Factors that influence healing

1072

(1)

General therapeutic management

1073

(1)

Dressings

1073

(1)

Topical therapy

1073

(1)

Systemic therapy

1073

(1)

Nursing care of the child with a skin disorder

1074

(1)

Wound care

1075

(1)

Relief of symptoms

1076

(1)

Topical therapy

1076

(3)

Home and family support

1079

Nursing care plan: The child with a skin disorder

1077

INFECTIONS OF THE SKIN

1079

(6)

Bacterial infections

1079

(1)

Viral infections

1080

(1)

Dermatophytoses (fungal infections)

1081

(4)

Systemic mycotic (fungal) infections

1085

(1)

SKIN DISORDERS RELATED TO CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL CONTACTS

1085

(2)

Contact dermatitis

1085

(1)

Poison ivy, oak, and sumac

1085

(1)

Drug reactions

1086

(1)

Foreign bodies

1087

(1)

SKIN DISORDERS RELATED TO INSECT AND ANIMAL CONTACTS

1087

(6)

Scabies

1087

(1)

Pediculosis capitis

1087

(3)

Arthropod bites and stings

1090

(1)

Infections transmitted by arthropods

1091

(1)

Animal bites

1091

(2)

Human bites

1093

(1)

Cat scratch disease (CSD)

1093

(1)

MISCELLANEOUS SKIN DISORDERS

1093

(1)

SKIN DISORDERS ASSOCIATED WITH SPECIFIC AGE-GROUPS

1093

(8)

Diaper dermatitis

1093

(3)

Atopic dermatitis (AD) (eczema)

1096

(2)

Seborrheic dermatitis

1098

(1)

Acne

1099

(2)

THERMAL INJURY

1101

(20)

Burns

1101

(1)

Characteristics of burn injury

1101

(13)

Nursing care plan: The child with burns: management and rehabilitative stages

1114

(3)

Sunburn

1117

(1)

Cold injury

1117

(4)

UNIT TWELVE THE CHILD WITH A PROBLEM THAT INTERFERES WITH PHYSICAL MOBILITY

1121

(63)

CHAPTER 31 The Child with Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

1121

(40)

THE IMMOBILIZED CHILD

1122

(4)

Immobilization

1122

(1)

Physiologic effects of immobilization

1122

(1)

Psychologic effects of immobilization

1122

(2)

Effect on families

1124

(1)

Nursing care plan: The child who is immobilized

1125

(1)

TRAUMATIC INJURY

1126

(11)

Soft tissue injury

1126

(1)

Contusions

1126

(1)

Dislocations

1127

(1)

Sprains

1127

(1)

Strains

1127

(1)

Fractures

1128

(1)

Types of fractures

1128

(1)

Bone healing and remodeling

1129

(1)

The child in a cast

1130

(1)

The cast

1130

(2)

The child in traction

1132

(1)

Purposes of traction

1132

(1)

Types of traction (general)

1133

(1)

Upper extremity traction

1133

(1)

Lower extremity traction

1133

(1)

Cervical traction

1134

(1)

Distraction

1135

(1)

Ilizarov external fixator (IEF)

1135

(1)

Amputation

1135

(2)

CONGENITAL DEFECTS

1137

(7)

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH)

1137

(4)

Congenital clubfoot

1141

(1)

Metatarsus adductus (varus)

1142

(1)

Skeletal limb deficiency

1142

(1)

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI)

1143

(1)

ACQUIRED DEFECTS

1144

(5)

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

1144

(1)

Slipped femoral capital epiphysis

1145

(1)

Kyphosis and lordosis

1145

(1)

Scoliosis

1146

(3)

INFECTIONS OF BONES AND JOINTS

1149

(2)

Osteomyelitis

1149

(1)

Septic (suppurative, pyogenic, purulent) arthritis

1150

(1)

Tuberculosis

1150

(1)

Tuberculosis of the spine (tuberculosis spondylitis)

1150

(1)

Tuberculosis of the hip

1151

(1)

BONE AND SOFT TISSUE TUMORS

1151

(3)

General concepts: bone tunors

1151

(1)

Osteogenic sarcoma

1151

(1)

Ewing sarcoma

1152

(1)

Rhabdomyosarcoma

1153

(1)

DISORDERS OF JOINTS

1154

(7)

Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA)

1154

(3)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

1157

(4)

CHAPTER 32 The Child with Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

1161

(23)

CONGENITAL NEUROMUSCULAR OR MUSCULAR DISORDERS

1162

(15)

Cerebral palsy (CP)

1162

(5)

Nursing care plan: The child with cerebral palsy

1167

(2)

Spina bifida (myelomeningocele)

1169

(5)

Progressive infantile spinal muscular atrophy (Werdnig-Hoffmann disease)

1174

(1)

Juvenile spinal muscular atrophy (Kugelberg-Welander disease)

1175

(1)

Muscular dystrophies (MDs)

1175

(1)

Pseudohypertrophic (Duchenne) muscular dystrophy (DMD)

1176

(1)

ACQUIRED NEUROMUSCULAR DISORDERS

1177

(7)

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) (infectious polyneuritis)

1177

(1)

Tetanus

1178

(2)

Botulism

1180

(1)

Infant botulism

1180

(1)

Spinal cord injuries

1181

(3)

APPENDIXES

1184

A Family Assessment

1184

(2)

B Patterns of Inheritance

1186

(2)

C Developmental/Sensory Assessment

1188

(6)

D Growth Measurements

1194

(5)

E Common Laboratory Tests

1199

(11)

F Recommended Daily Dietary Requirements

1210

(4)

G NANDA-Approved Nursing Diagnoses

1214

(2)

H Translations of FACES Pain Rating Scale

1216

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