Women's Lives : Multicultural Perspectives

by Kirk, Gwyn; Okazawa-Rey, Margo

Edition:

3rd

ISBN13:

9780072822441

ISBN10:

0072822449

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

8/4/2003

Publisher(s):

McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages

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This is the 3rd edition with a publication date of 8/4/2003.

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Summary

This interdisciplinary, multicultural text-reader provides an introduction to women's studies within a global context by examining the diversity of women's lives across categories of race-ethnicity, class, sexuality, disability, and age. Substantial chapter introductions provide statistical information and explanations of key concepts and ideas as a context for the reading selections. Each chapter includes reading questions and suggestions for taking action, to help students link what they learn to their own lives and to the world around them.

Preface

xix

Introduction The Framework of This Book

(1)

The Focus of Women's Studies

(1)

The Framework for This Book: Collective Action for a Sustainable Future

(1)

An Activist Approach

(1)

A Sustainable and Secure Future

(1)

The United States in a Global Context

(1)

Linking the Personal and the Global

(1)

A Matrix of Oppression and Resistance

(1)

Feminisms: Tangling with the ``F'' Word

(3)

Women's Studies Is Ideological

(1)

Women's Studies Is a White, Middle-Class Thing

(1)

Women's Studies Is Narrowly Concerned with Women's Issues

(1)

Scope of the Book

(2)

PART ONE KNOWING AND UNDERSTANDING

Theories and Theorizing: Integrative Frameworks for Understanding

(50)

Definition of a Theory

(1)

Theories, Theorizing, and Ways of Knowing

(2)

The Dominant Perspective

(1)

Alternative Perspectives

(1)

The Role of Values

(1)

Theoretical Frameworks for Understanding Women's Lives

(3)

``Socially Lived'' Theorizing

(3)

Media Representations and the Creation of Knowledge

(3)

Questions for Reflection

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

(1)

Taking Action

(1)

``The Social Construction of Gender''

(4)

Judith Lorber

``Patriarchy, the System: An It, Not a He, a Them, or an Us''

(8)

Allan G. Johnson

Combahee River Collective, ``A Black Feminist Statement''

(5)

``Defining Genealogies: Feminist Reflections on Being South Asian in North America''

(6)

Chandra Talpade Mohanty

``Who Am I If I'm Not My Father's Daughter?'''

(2)

Minnie Bruce Pratt

``Beyond Bean Counting''

(3)

JeeYeun Lee

``A Latina in the Land of Hollywood: Transgressive Possibilities''

(10)

Angharad N. Valdivia

Identities and Social Locations: Who Am I? Who Are My People?

(52)

Being Myself: The Micro Level

(1)

Community Recognition, Expectations, and Interactions: The Meso Level

(1)

Social Categories, Classifications, and Structural Inequality: Macro and Global Levels

(6)

Maintaining Systems of Structural Inequality

(2)

Colonization, Immigration, and the U.S. Landscape of Race and Class

(3)

Multiple Identities, Social Location, and Contradictions

(2)

Questions for Reflection

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

(1)

Taking Action

(1)

``Perspectives of Native American Women on Race and Gender''

(8)

Frederica Y. Daly

``A Question of Class''

(7)

Dorothy Allison

``A Word about the Great Terminology Question''

(2)

Elizabeth Martinez

``Shilling Love''

(3)

Shailja Patel

``Moving from Cultural Appropriation toward Ethical Cultural Connections''

(6)

Joanna Kadi

``Optional Ethnicities: For Whites Only?''

(7)

Mary C. Waters

``Jews, Class, Color, and the Cost of Whiteness''

103

(8)

Melanie Kaye/Kantrowitz

PART TWO OUR BODIES, OURSELVES

Women's Bodies

111

(32)

Body Image and the Beauty Ideal

111

(5)

The Beauty Ideal

112

(1)

The Beauty Business

113

(1)

Commodification and Co-option

113

(1)

Whites Only? Forever Young? Always Able?

114

(2)

Resisting Beauty Stereotypes

116

(2)

Feminist Theorizing about Body Image and Beauty Ideals

118

(1)

Body Politics

119

(2)

Questions for Reflection

120

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

120

(1)

Taking Action

120

(1)

``The Body Politic''

121

(4)

Abra Fortune Chernik

``The Coming of Maureen Peal''

125

(5)

Toni Morrison

``The Story of My Body''

130

(5)

Judith Ortiz Cofer

``My Body Is a Map of My Life''

135

(1)

Lani Ka'ahumanu

``I Am Not One of the''

136

(1)

Cheryl Marie Wade

``What's a Leg Got to Do with It?''

136

(2)

Donna Walton

``Tangled Lives: Daughters, Mothers, and the Crucible of Aging''

138

(5)

Lillian B. Rubin

Women's Sexuality

143

(30)

Stereotypes, Contradictions, and Double Standards

143

(1)

What Is Women's Autonomous Sexuality?

144

(2)

Challenging Binaries

146

(2)

Theorizing Sexuality

148

(3)

The Erotic as Power

151

(1)

Activism and Sexuality

151

(1)

Questions for Reflection

151

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

152

(1)

Taking Action

152

(1)

``Guadalupe the Sex Goddess''

152

(3)

Sandra Cisneros

``Radical Heterosexuality''

155

(3)

Naomi Wolf

``Radical Pleasure: Sex and the End of Victimhood''

158

(1)

Aurora Levins Morales

``A New Politics of Sexuality''

159

(3)

June Jordan

``The All-American Queer Pakistani Girl''

162

(2)

Surina A. Khan

``We Are All Works in Progress''

164

(4)

Leslie Feinberg

``Uses of the Erotic: The Erotic as Power''

168

(5)

Audre Lorde

Women's Health

173

(52)

Reproductive Health, Reproductive Rights

173

(5)

Controlling Fertility

174

(3)

Medicalization of Reproductive Life

177

(1)

Women and Illness

178

(4)

Effects of Gender, Race, and Class on Health and Illness

179

(1)

Mental and Emotional Health

180

(2)

Health and Aging

182

(1)

The Medical Industry

182

(3)

Paying for Medical Care

183

(1)

Other Barriers and Biases in Medical Services and Research

184

(1)

Health as Wellness

185

(2)

Requirements for Good Health

185

(1)

Feminist Approaches to Wellness

185

(1)

Questions for Reflection

186

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

186

(1)

Taking Action

187

(1)

``Three Generations of Native American Women's Birth Experience''

187

(3)

Joy Harjo

``Reproductive Rights: A Disability Rights Issue''

190

(4)

Marsha Saxton

``The Life and Death of Miss Mildred: An Elderly Black Woman''

194

(7)

Annette Dula

``Breast Cancer: The Environmental Connection--a 1998 Update''

201

(7)

Rita Arditti

Tatiana Schreiber

```If It's Not On, It's Not On'--Or Is It? Discursive Constraints on Women's Condom Use''

208

(11)

Nicola Gavey

Kathryn McPhillips

Marion Doherty

```I Am a Beautiful, Multifaceted Black Woman''': Interview with Shirley Royster, HIV/AIDS Educator and Activist

219

(6)

Shirley Royster

Violence Against Women

225

(48)

What Counts as Violence Against Women?

226

(2)

The Incidence of Violence Against Women

228

(3)

Effects of Race, Class, Nation, Sexuality, and Disability

230

(1)

Explanations of Violence Against Women

231

(3)

Micro-level Explanations

231

(1)

Macro-level Explanations

232

(2)

Ending Violence Against Women

234

(4)

The Importance of a Political Movement

234

(1)

Providing Support for Victims/Survivors

235

(1)

Public and Professional Education

236

(1)

Policy and Legislative Initiatives

236

(1)

Contradictions in Seeking State Support to End Violence Against Women

237

(1)

Women's Rights as Human Rights

238

(1)

Questions for Reflection

238

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

239

(1)

Taking Action

239

(1)

``Lisa's Ritual, Age 10''

239

(1)

Grace Caroline Bridges

``National Symposium on La Violencia Domestica: An Emerging Dialogue Among Latinos'' (excerpt)

240

(9)

Fernando Mederos

``Domestic Violence and Asian American Women''

249

(7)

Lora Jo Foo

``Sexual Violence and American Indian Genocide''

256

(10)

Andy Smith

``On Becoming Anti-Rapist''

266

(5)

Haki R. Madhubuti

``My Vagina Was My Village''

271

(2)

Eve Ensler

PART THREE MAKING A HOME, MAKING A LIVING

Relationships, Families, and Households

273

(44)

Defining Ourselves Through Connections with Others

273

(1)

Marriage, Domestic Partnerships, and Personal Relationships

274

(3)

Contradictions Surrounding the Institution of Marriage

274

(1)

Personal Relationships: Living in Different Worlds?

275

(1)

Gay Marriage and Domestic Partnership

276

(1)

Motherhood and Parenting

277

(2)

The Social Construction of Motherhood

278

(1)

Blame It on the Mother

278

(1)

The Ideal Nuclear Family

279

(3)

U.S. Families: Cultural and Historical Variations

280

(2)

Immigration and the Family

282

(1)

Feminist Perspectives on Marriage, Motherhood, and the Family

282

(2)

Challenging the Private/Public Dichotomy

282

(1)

Mothering and Maternal Thinking

283

(1)

The Family and the Economic System

283

(1)

Policy Implications and Implementation

283

(1)

Toward a Redefinition of Family Values

284

(2)

Questions for Reflection

285

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

285

(1)

Taking Action

286

(1)

``35/10''

286

(1)

Sharon Olds

``The Marriage Mystique''

286

(8)

Jaclyn Geller

``Raising Kids como Los Americanos''

294

(7)

Maria Hinojosa

``Personal Reflections on Being a Grandmother: L'Chol Dor Va Dor''

301

(4)

Rachel Aber Schlesinger

``Shattering Two Molds: Feminist Parents with Disabilities''

305

(3)

Carol J. Gill

Larry A. Voss

``Loving Across the Boundary''

308

(9)

Ann Filemyr

Work, Wages, and Welfare

317

(54)

Defining Women's Work

317

(1)

Women in the U.S. Workforce

318

(8)

Women's Wages: The Effects of Gender, Race, Class, Disability, and Education

319

(2)

Discrimination Against Working Women: Sexual Harassment, Age, and Disability

321

(1)

Balancing Home and Work

322

(2)

Organized Labor and Collective Action

324

(2)

Pensions, Disability Payments, and Welfare

326

(3)

Pensions and Disability Payments

326

(2)

Welfare

328

(1)

Feminist Approaches to Women's Work and Income

329

(1)

Comparable Worth

329

(1)

Feminization of Poverty

329

(1)

Impact of Class

329

(1)

Policy Implications and Activist Projects

330

(1)

Promoting Greater Economic Security for Women

330

(2)

Questions for Reflection

331

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

331

(1)

Taking Action

332

(1)

``the cleaning woman/labor relations #4''

332

(1)

Hattie Gossett

``The Transformation of Women's Wage Work''

333

(14)

Teresa Amott

Julie Matthaei

``He Works, She Works, but What Different Impressions They Make''

347

(1)

``Reflections of a Feminist Mom''

348

(2)

Jeannine Ouellette Howitz

``Violating Women: Rights Abuses in the Welfare Police State''

350

(9)

Gwendolyn Mink

``Movement Roots''

359

(12)

Miriam Ching Yoon Louie

Living in a Global Economy

371

(42)

The Global Factory

372

(4)

The Profit Motive

375

(1)

Consumerism, Expansionism, and Waste

375

(1)

The Myth of Progress

376

(1)

Emphasis on Immediate Costs

376

(1)

The Global Economy

376

(7)

Complex Inequalities

376

(3)

Legacies of Colonialism

379

(1)

External Debt

380

(3)

Implications of Global Economic Inequalities

383

(2)

Connections to U.S. Policy Issues

383

(1)

International Alliances Among Women

384

(1)

The Seeds of a New Global Economy

385

(3)

Questions for Reflection

387

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

387

(1)

Taking Action

388

(1)

``Maquiladoras: The View from Inside''

388

(9)

Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly

``The Global Trade in Filipina Workers''

397

(10)

Grace Chang

``The Border Patrol State''

407

(3)

Leslie Marmon Silko

``La Migra''

410

(1)

Pat Mora

Diverse Women for Diversity, ``Seattle Declaration''

411

(2)

PART FOUR SECURITY AND SUSTAINABILITY

Women, Crime, and Criminalization

413

(40)

The National Context: ``Get Tough on Crime''

413

(2)

Women in the Criminal Justice System

415

(4)

Characteristics of Incarcerated Women

416

(1)

Offenses Committed by Women and Patterns of Arrest

416

(2)

Sentence Length and Time Served

418

(1)

Race and Class Disparities

418

(1)

Girls in the Criminal Justice System

419

(1)

Women Political Prisoners

419

(2)

Theories of Women and Crime

421

(1)

``Equality with a Vengeance'': Is Equal Treatment Fair Treatment?

422

(1)

The ``Prison Industrial Complex''

423

(1)

Inside/Outside Connections

423

(2)

Questions for Reflection

424

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

425

(1)

Taking Action

425

(1)

``Shannon's Story''

425

(1)

Shannon Murray

``Behind the Walls: The History and Current Reality of Women's Imprisonment''

426

(10)

Nancy Kurshan

``Punishing Drug Addicts Who Have Babies: Women of Color, Equality, and the Right of Privacy''

436

(6)

Dorothy E. Roberts

``U.S. Concentration Camps and Exclusion Policies: Impact on Japanese American Women''

442

(7)

Rita Takahashi

ACLU of Illinois, ``ACLU of Illinois Challenges Ethnic and Religious Bias in Strip Search of Muslim Woman at O'Hare International Airport''

449

(4)

Women and the Military, War, and Peace

453

(38)

The Need for Women in the Military

454

(1)

The Military as Employer

454

(1)

Limitations to Women's Equal Participation in the Military

455

(3)

Women in Combat Roles

455

(1)

Officer Training: Storming the Citadel

456

(1)

Sexism and Misogyny

456

(1)

Racism

457

(1)

Sexual Orientation

458

(1)

Military Wives

458

(1)

The Impact of the U.S. Military on Women Overseas

459

(3)

Militarized Prostitution

460

(1)

Mixed-Race Children Fathered by U.S. Troops

460

(1)

Crimes of Violence Against Women

460

(1)

Health Effects of Environmental Contamination

461

(1)

Women's Opposition to the Military

462

(5)

Early Peace Organizations in the United States

462

(1)

Feminist Antimilitarist Perspectives

462

(3)

Redefining Security

465

(1)

Questions for Reflection

466

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

466

(1)

Taking Action

467

(1)

``The Women in Blue''

467

(2)

Melinda Smith-Wells

``The Search for Peace and Justice: Notes Toward an Autobiography''

469

(6)

Jean Grossholtz

Women's Pentagon Action, ``Unity Statement''

475

(3)

Women of Color Resource Center, ``Ten Reasons Why Women Should Oppose the U.S. `War on Terrorism'''

478

(1)

``Whose Security?''

478

(4)

Charlotte Bunch

``Sneak Attack: The Militarization of U.S. Culture''

482

Cynthia Enloe

``Media and Ideology'' (excerpt)

283

(208)

David Croteau

William Hoynes

Women and the Environment

491

(30)

Theoretical and Activist Perspectives

492

(5)

Environmentalism

493

(1)

Deep Ecology and Bioregionalism

493

(1)

Ecofeminism

494

(1)

Environmental Justice

495

(2)

Connectedness and Sustainability

497

(3)

Questions for Reflection

499

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

499

(1)

Taking Action

500

(1)

``The Ecofeminist Imperative''

500

(3)

Ynestra King

``Empowering Ourselves: Women and Toxics Organizing''

503

(5)

Robbin Lee Zeff

Marsha Love

Karen Stults

The First National People of Color Environmental Leadership Summit, ``Principles of Environmental Justice''

508

(1)

``Native Hawaiian Historical and Cultural Perspectives on Environmental Justice''

509

(4)

Mililani Trask

``My Mom's Garden''

513

(1)

Cindy Chan Saelee

``Consumption: North American Perspectives''

514

(7)

H. Patricia Hynes

PART FIVE ACTIVISM AND CHANGE

Creating Change: Theory, Vision, and Action

521

How Does Change Happen?

522

(3)

Using the Head: Theories for Social Change

522

(1)

Using the Heart: Visions for Social Change

522

(1)

Using the Hands: Action for Social Change

523

(1)

Overcoming Blocks to Effective Action

524

(1)

Women and Political Activism

525

(5)

Identity-Based Politics

525

(1)

Feminist Movements

526

(1)

Women in Electoral Politics

527

(3)

Building Alliances for the Twenty-First Century

530

(4)

Some Principles for Alliance Building

530

(1)

Overcoming Impediments to Effective Alliances

531

(1)

Creating a Secure and Sustainable World

531

(1)

Questions for Reflection

532

(1)

Finding Out More on the Web

533

(1)

Taking Action

533

(1)

``Listening to the Voices of My Spiritual Self''

534

(2)

Christina Leano

``Ella's Daughters''

536

(9)

Barbara Omolade

``Multiracial Feminism: Recasting the Chronology of Second Wave Feminism''

545

(12)

Becky Thompson

``Common Threads: Life Stories and the Arts in Educating for Social Change''

557

(6)

Cynthia Cohen

``Research on Women in Legislatures: What Have We Learned, Where Are We Going?'' Michele Swers

563

(11)

``Multi-Issue Politics''

574

(3)

Suzanne Pharr

``Taking On the Global Economy''

577

Kalima Rose

Glossary

(1)

References

(1)

Credits

(1)

Name Index

(5)

Index

About the Authors

Women's Lives : Multicultural Perspectives

9780072822441

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