World Civilizations, Volume 1 : The Global Experience

by Stearns, Peter N.; Adas, Michael; Schwartz, Stuart B.; Gilbert, Marc Jason

• ISBN13: 9780321409843
• ISBN10: 0321409841
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Longman

Summary

The primary goal ofWorld Civilizationsis to present a truly global history-since the development of agriculture and herding to the present. Overview of World History. Close your brown eyes.Readers interested in the history and development of civilization worldwide.

Table of Contents

Maps	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Supplements	p. xviii
About the Authors	p. xxi
Prologue	p. xxii
From Hunting and Gathering to Civilizations, 2.5 million-1000 B.C.E.: Origins	p. 2
The Neolithic Revolution and the Birth of Civilization	p. 8
Human Life in the Era of Hunters and Gatherers	p. 9
Document: Tales of the Hunt: Paleolithic Cave Paintings as History	p. 13
Agriculture and the Origins of Civilization: The Neolithic Revolution	p. 15
Visualizing the Past: Representations of Women in Early Art	p. 19
The First Towns: Seedbeds of Civilization	p. 20
In Depth: The Idea of Civilization in World Historical Perspective	p. 22
Global Connections: The Neolithic Revolution as the Basis for World History	p. 24
Further Readings	p. 24
On the Web	p. 24
The Rise of Civilization in the Middle East and Africa	p. 26
Civilization in Mesopotamia	p. 27
Visualizing the Past: Mesopotamia in Maps	p. 32
Document: Hammurabi's Law Code	p. 34
Ancient Egypt	p. 35
In Depth: Women in Patriarchal Societies	p. 38
Egypt and Mesopotamia Compared	p. 39
Civilization Centers in Africa and the Eastern Mediterranean	p. 40
The Issue of Heritage	p. 43
Global Connections: The Early Civilizations and the World	p. 44
Further Readings	p. 44
On the Web	p. 44
Asia's First Civilizations: India and China	p. 46
The Indus Valley and the Birth of South Asian Civilization	p. 49
Aryan Incursions and Early Aryan Society in India	p. 52
Document: Aryan Poetry in Praise of a War Horse	p. 54
A Bend in the River and the Beginnings of China	p. 55
The Decline of the Shang and the Era of Zhou Dominance	p. 59
In Depth: The Legacy of Asia's First Civilizations	p. 60
Visualizing the Past: Mapping the Rise of Civilizations	p. 63
Global Connections: Contrasting Legacies: Harappan and Early Chinese Civilizations	p. 64
Further Readings	p. 65
On the Web	p. 65
The Classical Period, 1000 B.C.E.-500 C.E.: Uniting Large Regions	p. 68
Unification and the Consolidation of Civilization in China	p. 74
Philosophical Remedies for the Prolonged Crisis of the Later Zhou	p. 76
Document: Teachings of the Rival Chinese Schools	p. 80
The Triumph of the Qin and Imperial Unity	p. 80
The Han Dynasty and the Foundations of China's Classical Age	p. 83
In Depth: Sunzi and the Shift from Ritual Combat to "Real" War	p. 84
Visualizing the Past: Capital Designs and Patterns of Political Power	p. 90
Global Connections: Classical China and the World	p. 92
Further Readings	p. 93
On the Web	p. 93
Classical Civilization in the Eastern Mediterranean: Persia and Greece	p. 94
The Persian Empire: Parallel Power in the Middle East	p. 96
The Political Character of Classical Greece	p. 97
The Hellenistic Period	p. 102
Creativity in Greek and Hellenistic Culture	p. 104
In Depth: Defining Social History	p. 106
Document: The Power of Greek Drama	p. 108
Patterns of Greek and Hellenistic Society	p. 110
Visualizing the Past: Commerce and Society	p. 112
Global Connections: Persia, Greece, and the World	p. 114
Further Readings	p. 114
On the Web	p. 114
Religious Rivalries and India's Golden Age	p. 116
The Age of Brahman Dominance	p. 118
In Depth: Inequality as the Social Norm	p. 122
Religious Ferment and the Rise of Buddhism	p. 125
Visualizing the Past: The Pattern of Trade in the Ancient Eurasian World	p. 130
Brahmanical Recovery and the Splendors of the Gupta Age	p. 130
Document: A Guardian's Farewell Speech to a Young Woman About to Be Married	p. 135
Global Connections: India and the Wider World	p. 137
Further Readings	p. 138
On the Web	p. 138
Rome and Its Empire	p. 140
The Development of Rome's Republic	p. 142
Roman Culture	p. 146
Document: Rome and a Values Crisis	p. 147
The Institutions of Empire	p. 148
The Evolution of Rome's Economic and Social Structure	p. 150
Visualizing the Past: Religions in Rome	p. 151
In Depth: The Classical Civilizations in Comparative Perspective	p. 153
The Origins of Christianity	p. 154
The Decline of Rome	p. 156
Global Connections: Rome and the World	p. 156
Further Readings	p. 156
On the Web	p. 157
The Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas	p. 158
Origins of American Societies	p. 161
Spread of Civilization in Mesoamerica	p. 165
Document: Deciphering the Maya Glyphs	p. 169
The Peoples to the North	p. 171
In Depth: Different Times for Different Peoples	p. 172
The Andean World	p. 175
Visualizing the Past: Ancient Agriculture	p. 177
Global Connections: American Civilizations and the World	p. 180
Further Readings	p. 180
On the Web	p. 180
The Spread of Civilizations and the Movement of Peoples	p. 182
The Spread of Civilization in Africa	p. 185
Document: Myths of Origin	p. 190
In Depth: Language as a Historical Source	p. 194
Nomadic Societies and Indo-European Migrations	p. 195
Visualizing the Past: Varieties of Human Adaptation and the Potential for Civilization	p. 200
The Spread of Chinese Civilization to Japan	p. 200
The Scattered Societies of Polynesia	p. 206
Global Connections: The Emerging Cultures	p. 209
Further Readings	p. 210
On the Web	p. 210
The end of the Classical Era: World History in Transition, 200-700 C.E.	p. 212
Upheavals in Eastern and Southern Asia	p. 214
Document: The Popularization of Buddhism	p. 216
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire	p. 218
In Depth: The Problem of Decline and Fall	p. 222
The Development and Spread of World Religions	p. 222
Visualizing the Past: Religious Geography	p. 226
Global Connections: The Late Classical Period and the World	p. 227
Further Readings	p. 227
On the Web	p. 227
The Postclassical Period, 500-1450: New Faith and New Commerce	p. 230
The First Global Civilization: The Rise and Spread of Islam	p. 236
Desert and Town: The Pre-Islamic Arabian World	p. 238
The Life of Muhammad and the Genesis of Islam	p. 242
The Arab Empire of the Umayyads	p. 246
In Depth: Civilization and Gender Relationships	p. 250
From Arab to Islamic Empire: The Early Abbasid Era	p. 253
Document: The Thousand and One Nights as a Mirror of Elite Society in the Abbasid Era	p. 255
Visualizing the Past: The Mosque as a Symbol of Islamic Civilization	p. 256
Global Connections: Early Islam and the World	p. 258
Further Readings	p. 258
On the Web	p. 259
Abbasid Decline and the Spread of Islamic Civilization to South and Southeast Asia	p. 260
The Islamic Heartlands in the Middle and Late Abbasid Eras	p. 262
Document: Ibn Khaldun on the Rise and Decline of Empires	p. 266
An Age of Learning and Artistic Refinements	p. 267
The Coming of Islam to South Asia	p. 270
Visualizing the Past: The Patterns of Islam's Global Expansions	p. 271
The Spread of Islam to Southeast Asia	p. 277
In Depth: Conversion and Accommodation in the Spread of World Religions	p. 278
Global Connections: Islam: A Bridge Between Worlds	p. 280
Further Readings	p. 280
On the Web	p. 281
African Civilizations and the Spread of Islam	p. 282
African Societies: Diversity and Similarities	p. 284
Kingdoms of the Grasslands	p. 287
Document: The Great Oral Tradition and the Epic of Sundiata	p. 290
Visualizing the Past: The Architecture of Faith	p. 293
The Swahili Coast of East Africa	p. 294
Peoples of the Forest and Plains	p. 295
In Depth: Two Transitions in the History of World Population	p. 296
Global Connections: Internal Development and Global Contacts	p. 301
Further Readings	p. 302
On the Web	p. 302
Civilization in Eastern Europe: Byzantium and Orthodox Europe	p. 304
The Byzantine Empire	p. 307
Visualizing the Past: Women and Power in Byzantium	p. 311
The Spread of Civilization in Eastern Europe	p. 313
Document: Russia Turns to Christianity	p. 316
In Depth: Eastern and Western Europe: The Problem of Boundaries	p. 318
Global Connections: Eastern Europe and the World	p. 318
Further Readings	p. 319
On the Web	p. 319
A New Civilization Emerges in Western Europe	p. 320
Stages of Postclassical Development	p. 323
Western Culture in the Postclassical Era	p. 331
Changing Economic and Social Forms in the Postclassical Centuries	p. 334
Visualizing the Past: Peasant Labor	p. 335
Document: Changing Roles for Women	p. 338
The Decline of the Medieval Synthesis	p. 339
In Depth: Western Civilization	p. 341
Global Connections: Medieval Europe and the World	p. 342
Further Readings	p. 342
On the Web	p. 342
The Americas on the eve of Invasion	p. 344
Postclassic Mesoamerica, 1000-1500 C.E.	p. 346
Aztec Society in Transition	p. 351
Document: Aztec Women and Men	p. 354
Twantinsuyu: World of the Incas	p. 354
Visualizing the Past: Archeological Evidence of Political Practices	p. 357
In Depth: The "Troubling" Civilizations of the Americas	p. 360
The Other Peoples of the Americas	p. 362
Global Connections: The Americas and the World	p. 364
Further Readings	p. 364
On the Web	p. 365
Reunification and Renaissance in Chinese Civilization: The Era of the Tang and Song Dynasties	p. 366
Rebuilding the Imperial Edifice in the Sui-Tang Era	p. 367
Document: Ties That Bind: Paths to Power	p. 371
Tang Decline and the Rise of the Song	p. 373
Tang and Song Prosperity: The Basis of a Golden Age	p. 377
Visualizing the Past: The Great Ships of the Tang and Song Eras	p. 380
In Depth: Artistic Expression and Social Values	p. 383
Global Connections: China's World Role	p. 386
Further Readings	p. 386
On the Web	p. 387
The Spread of Chinese Civilization: Japan, Korea, and Vietnam	p. 388
Japan: The Imperial Age	p. 390
The Era of Warrior Dominance	p. 395
In Depth: Comparing Feudalisms	p. 396
Korea: Between China and Japan	p. 400
Between China and Southeast Asia: The Making of Vietnam	p. 403
Visualizing the Past: What Their Portraits Tell Us: Gatekeeper Elites and the Persistence of Civilizations	p. 406
Document: Literature as a Mirror of the Exchanges Between Civilized Centers	p. 409
Global Connections: In the Orbit of China: The East Asian Corner of the Global System	p. 410
Further Readings	p. 410
On the Web	p. 411
The Last Great Nomadic Challenges: From Chinggis Khan to Timur	p. 412
The Mongol Empire of Chinggis Khan	p. 415
Document: A European Assessment of the Virtues and Vices of the Mongols	p. 419
The Mongol Drive to the West	p. 420
Visualizing the Past: The Mongol Empire as a Bridge Between Civilizations	p. 422
The Mongol Interlude in Chinese History	p. 425
In Depth: The Eclipse of the Nomadic War Machine	p. 428
Global Connections: The Mongol Linkages	p. 431
Further Readings	p. 432
On the Web	p. 432
The West and the Changing Balance of World Power	p. 434
The Decline of the Old Order	p. 436
The Rise of the West	p. 438
Visualizing the Past: Population Trends	p. 439
Document: Italian Renaissance Culture	p. 441
Western Expansion: The Experimental Phase	p. 442
Outside the World Network	p. 445
In Depth: The Problem of Ethnocentrism	p. 446
Global Connections: 1450 and the World	p. 447
Further Readings	p. 448
On the Web	p. 448
The Early Modern Period, 1450-1750: The World Shrinks	p. 452
The World Economy	p. 458
The West's First Outreach: Maritime Power	p. 460
In Depth: Causation and the West's Expansion	p. 464
Toward a World Economy	p. 465
Visualizing the Past: West Indian Slaveholding	p. 467
Colonial Expansion	p. 469
Document: Western Conquerors: Tactics and Motives	p. 470
Global Connections: The World Economy-And the World	p. 476
Further Readings	p. 476
On the Web	p. 477
The Transformation of the West, 1450-1750	p. 478
The First Big Changes: Culture and Commerce, 1450-1650	p. 480
Science and Politics: The Next Phase of Change	p. 486
Visualizing the Past: Versailles	p. 488
In Depth: Elites and Masses	p. 491
The West by 1750	p. 491
Document: Controversies About Women	p. 493
Global Connections: Europe and the World	p. 496
Further Readings	p. 496
On the Web	p. 496
Document Analysis Questions	p. D-1
Glossary	p. G-1
Credits	p. C-1
Index	p. I-1
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