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9780495050537

World History, Volume I To 1800

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780495050537

  • ISBN10:

    0495050539

  • Edition: 5th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2006-01-03
  • Publisher: Wadsworth Publishing
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Summary

Noted teachers and scholars William J. Duiker and Jackson J. Spielvogel present a balanced, highly readable overview of world history that explores common challenges and experiences that unite the human past and that identify key global patterns over time. Thorough coverage of political, economic, social, religious, intellectual, cultural, and military history has been integrated into a chronologically ordered synthesis to help students gain an appreciation and understanding of the distinctive character and development of individual cultures in society. This edition of WORLD HISTORY continues to take a global approach to world history, with an emphasis on analytical comparisons between and among cultures throughout history. This approach helps students' link events together in a broad comparative and global framework, thereby placing the contemporary world in a more meaningful historical context. WORLD HISTORY is available in the following volume options: WORLD HISTORY, FIFTH EDITION (Chapters 1-29) ISBN: 0495050121; WORLD HISTORY, VOLUME I: TO 1800, FIFTH EDITION (Contains Chapters 1-17) ISBN: 0495050539; WORLD HISTORY, VOLUME II: SINCE 1500, FIFTH EDITION (Contains Chapters 13-29) ISBN: 0495050547; WORLD HISTORY TO 1500, FIFTH EDITION (Contains Chapters 1-12) ISBN: 0495050601.

Table of Contents

Maps
xii
Chronologies xiv
Documents xv
Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxvii
A Note to Students on Language and the Dating of Time xxx
Themes for Understanding World History xxxi
Part I The First Civilizations and the Rise of Empires (Prehistory to 500 C.E.)
1(159)
The First Civilizations: The Peoples of Western Asia and Egypt
2(35)
The First Humans
3(5)
The Emergence of Homo sapiens
3(1)
The Hunter-Gatherers of the Paleolithic Age
3(2)
The Neolithic Revolution, c. 10,000--4,000 B.C.E
5(3)
The Emergence of Civilization
8(1)
Early Civilizations Around the World
9(1)
Causes of Civilization
9(1)
Civilization in Mesopotamia
9(7)
The City-States of Ancient Mesopotamia
10(1)
Empires in Ancient Mesopotamia
11(3)
The Culture of Mesopotamia
14(2)
Egyptian Civilization: ``The Gift of the Nile''
16(7)
The Impact of Geography
17(1)
The Old and Middle Kingdoms
18(1)
Society and Economy in Ancient Egypt
19(1)
The Culture of Egypt
20(1)
Chaos and a New Order: The New Kingdom
21(1)
Daily Life in Ancient Egypt: Family and Marriage
22(1)
New Centers of Civilization
23(5)
The Impact of the Indo-Europeans
24(1)
The Phoenicians
24(1)
The Hebrews: The ``Children of Israel''
25(3)
The Rise of New Empires
28(9)
The Assyrian Empire
29(2)
The Persian Empire
31(2)
Conclusion
33(1)
Chapter Notes
34(1)
Suggested Reading
34(3)
Ancient India
37(27)
The Emergence of Civilization in India: Harappan Society
38(4)
A Land of Diversity
38(1)
Harappan Civilization: A Fascinating Enigma
38(4)
A Lost Civilization?
42(1)
The Arrival of the Aryans
42(7)
The Early Aryans
42(1)
The Mauryan Empire
43(2)
Caste and Class: Social Structures in Ancient India
45(2)
Daily Life in Ancient India
47(1)
The Economy
48(1)
Escaping the Wheel of Life: The Religious World of Ancient India
49(7)
Hinduism
49(3)
Buddhism: The Middle Path
52(4)
The Rule of the Fishes: India After the Mauryas
56(1)
The Exuberant World of Indian Culture
57(7)
Literature
57(1)
Architecture and Sculpture
58(3)
Science
61(1)
Conclusion
61(1)
Chapter Notes
62(1)
Suggested Reading
62(2)
China in Antiquity
64(31)
The Dawn of Chinese Civilization
65(5)
The Land and People of China
65(2)
The Shang Dynasty
67(3)
The Zhou Dynasty
70(7)
Political Structures
70(2)
Economy and Society
72(1)
The Hundred Schools of Ancient Philosophy
73(4)
The Rise of the Chinese Empire: The Qin and the Han
77(7)
The Qin Dynasty (221--206 B.C.E)
78(3)
The Glorious Han Dynasty (202 B.C.E--221 C.E)
81(3)
Daily Life in Ancient China
84(3)
The Role of the Family
85(1)
Lifestyles
86(1)
Cities
87(1)
The Humble Estate: Women in Ancient China
87(1)
Chinese Culture
87(8)
Metalwork and Sculpture
87(2)
Language and Literature
89(2)
Music
91(1)
Conclusion
92(1)
Chapter Notes
93(1)
Suggested Reading
94(1)
The Civilization of the Greeks
95(31)
Early Greece
96(4)
Minoan Crete
96(1)
The First Greek State: Mycenae
97(1)
The Greeks in a Dark Age (c. 1100-c. 750 B.C.E)
98(2)
The Greek City-States (c. 750-c. 500 B.C.E)
100(5)
The Polis
100(1)
Colonization and the Growth of Trade
101(1)
Tyranny and the Greek Polis
102(1)
Sparta
102(2)
Athens
104(1)
The High Point of Greek Civilization: Classical Greece
105(9)
The Challenge of Persia
105(1)
The Growth of an Athenian Empire in the Age of Pericles
106(1)
The Great Peloponnesian War and the Decline of the Greek States
107(1)
The Culture of Classical Greece
108(4)
Greek Religion
112(1)
Daily Life in Classical Athens
113(1)
The Rise of Macedonia and the Conquests of Alexander
114(3)
Alexander the Great
114(3)
The World of the Hellenistic Kingdoms
117(9)
Hellenistic Monarchies
117(1)
Political Institutions
117(1)
Hellenistic Cities
118(1)
The Importance of Trade
118(1)
Social Life: New Opportunities for Women
119(1)
Culture in the Hellenistic World
119(4)
Conclusion
123(1)
Chapter Notes
123(1)
Suggested Reading
124(2)
The World of the Romans
126(34)
Early Rome and the Republic
127(9)
Early Rome
127(1)
The Roman Republic
128(3)
The Roman Conquest of the Mediterranean (264--133 B.C.E)
131(2)
The Decline and Fall of the Roman Republic (133--31 B.C.E)
133(3)
The Roman Empire at Its Height
136(12)
The Age of Augustus (31 B.C.E--14 C.E)
136(2)
The Early Empire (14--180)
138(2)
Culture and Society in the Roman World
140(8)
Crisis and the Late Empire
148(2)
Crises in the Third Century
148(1)
The Late Roman Empire
149(1)
Transformation of the Roman World: The Development of Christianity
150(4)
The Religious World of the Romans
150(1)
The Jewish Background
150(1)
The Rise of Christianity
151(3)
The Triumph of Christianity
154(1)
Comparison of the Roman and Han Empires
154(6)
Conclusion
156(1)
Chapter Notes
156(1)
Suggested Reading
157(3)
Part II New Patterns of Civilization
160(200)
The Americas
162(25)
The Peopling of the Americas
163(1)
The First Americans
163(1)
Early Civilizations in Central America
163(13)
Teotihuacan: America's First Metropolis
165(1)
The Maya
166(5)
The Aztecs
171(5)
The First Civilizations in South America
176(6)
Chavin de Huantar
177(1)
Moche
177(1)
The Inka
178(4)
Stateless Societies in the New World
182(5)
The Eastern Woodlands
182(1)
Cahokia
182(1)
The ``Ancient Ones'': The Anasazi
183(1)
South America: The Arawak
184(1)
Conclusion
184(1)
Chapter Notes
185(1)
Suggested Reading
185(2)
Islam and Byzantium
187(29)
The Rise of Islam
188(3)
The Role of Muhammad
188(1)
The Teachings of Muhammad
189(2)
The Arab Empire and Its Successors
191(6)
Creation of an Empire
191(1)
The Rise of the Ummayads
192(1)
The Abbasids
193(2)
The Seljuk Turks
195(1)
The Crusades
196(1)
The Mongols
197(1)
Islamic Civilization
197(10)
The Wealth of Araby: Trade and Cities in the Middle East
197(2)
Islamic Society
199(1)
The Culture of Islam
200(7)
The Byzantine Empire
207(9)
The Reign of Justinian (527--565)
207(3)
From Eastern Roman to Byzantine Empire
210(1)
The Zenith of Byzantine Civilization
211(1)
New Challenges to the Byzantine Empire
212(1)
Impact of the Crusades
213(1)
Conclusion
213(1)
Chapter Notes
214(1)
Suggested Reading
214(2)
Early Civilizations in Africa
216(25)
The Emergence of Civilization
217(6)
The Land
217(1)
Kush
217(1)
Axum, Son of Saba
218(1)
The Sahara and Its Environs
219(3)
East Africa
222(1)
The Coming of Islam
223(7)
African Religious Beliefs Before Islam
224(1)
The Arabs in North Africa
224(1)
The Kingdom of Ethiopia: A Christian Island in a Muslim Sea
225(1)
East Africa: The Land of Zanj
225(1)
The States of West Africa
226(4)
States and Stateless Societies in Central and Southern Africa
230(1)
The Congo River Valley
230(1)
Zimbabwe
230(1)
Southern Africa
230(1)
African Society
231(3)
Urban Life
231(1)
Village Life
232(1)
The Role of Women
232(1)
Slavery
233(1)
African Culture
234(7)
Painting and Sculpture
234(1)
Music
235(1)
Architecture
235(1)
Literature
236(3)
Conclusion
239(1)
Chapter Notes
240(1)
Suggested Reading
240(1)
The Expansion of Civilization in Southern Asia
241(28)
The Silk Road
242(2)
India After the Mauryas
244(3)
The Gupta Dynasty: A New Golden Age?
244(1)
The Transformation of Buddhism
244(3)
The Decline of Buddhism in India
247(1)
The Arrival of Islam
247(3)
The Arrival of Mahmud of Ghazni
247(1)
The Delhi Sultanate
248(1)
Tamerlane
249(1)
Society and Culture
250(8)
Religion
250(3)
Economy and Daily Life
253(1)
The Wonder of Indian Culture
254(4)
The Golden Region: Early Southeast Asia
258(11)
Paddy Fields and Spices: The States of Southeast Asia
259(3)
Daily Life
262(2)
World of the Spirits: Religious Belief
264(2)
Conclusion
266(2)
Chapter Notes
268(1)
Suggested Reading
268(1)
The Flowering of Traditional China
269(29)
China After the Han
270(1)
China Reunified: The Sui, the Tang, and the Song
271(12)
The Sui Dynasty
271(1)
The Tang Dynasty
272(2)
The Song Dynasty
274(1)
Political Structures: The Triumph of Confucianism
274(3)
The Economy
277(5)
Society in Traditional China
282(1)
Explosion in Central Asia: The Mongol Empire
283(3)
The Creation of the Mongol Empire
283(1)
Mongol Rule in China
283(2)
From the Yuan to the Ming
285(1)
The Ming Dynasty
286(1)
The Voyage of Zhenghe
286(1)
An Inward Turn
286(1)
In Search of the Way
287(4)
The Rise and Decline of Buddhism and Daoism
287(2)
Neo-Confucianism: The Investigation of Things
289(2)
The Apogee of Chinese Culture
291(7)
Literature
291(2)
Art
293(3)
Conclusion
296(1)
Chapter Notes
297(1)
Suggested Reading
297(1)
The East Asian Rimlands: Early Japan, Korea, and Vietnam
298(25)
Japan: Land of the Rising Sun
299(15)
A Gift from the Gods: Prehistoric Japan
300(1)
The Rise of the Japanese State
301(4)
Economic and Social Structures
305(4)
In Search of the Pure Land: Religion in Early Japan
309(1)
Sources of Traditional Japanese Culture
310(4)
Japan and the Chinese Model
314(1)
Korea: Bridge to the East
314(3)
The Three Kingdoms
315(1)
The Rise of the Koryo Dynasty
316(1)
Under the Mongols
316(1)
Vietnam: The Smaller Dragon
317(6)
The Rise of Great Viet
317(3)
Society and Family Life
320(1)
Conclusion
320(1)
Chapter Notes
321(1)
Suggested Reading
321(2)
The Making of Europe
323(37)
The Emergence of Europe in the Early Middle Ages
324(7)
The New Germanic Kingdoms
324(1)
The Role of the Christian Church
324(2)
Charlemagne and the Carolingians
326(1)
The World of Lords and Vassals
326(5)
Europe in the High Middle Ages
331(12)
Land and People
331(1)
The New World of Trade and Cities
332(3)
Evolution of the European Kingdoms
335(4)
Christianity and Medieval Civilization
339(2)
The Culture of the High Middle Ages
341(2)
Medieval Europe and the World
343(2)
The First Crusades
344(1)
The Later Crusades
344(1)
The Crises of the Late Middle Ages
345(6)
The Black Death
345(2)
Economic Dislocation and Social Upheaval
347(1)
Political Instability
348(1)
The Decline of the Church
349(2)
Recovery: The Renaissance
351(9)
The Intellectual Renaissance
351(1)
The Artistic Renaissance
351(2)
The State in the Renaissance
353(2)
Conclusion
355(1)
Chapter Notes
356(1)
Suggested Reading
356(4)
Part III The Emergence of New World Patterns (1500--1800)
360(151)
New Encounters: The Creation of a World Market
362(30)
An Age of Exploration and Expansion
363(3)
Islam and the Spice Trade
363(1)
A New Player: Europe
363(3)
The Portuguese Maritime Empire
366(3)
The Portuguese in India
366(2)
The Search for Spices
368(1)
Spanish Conquests in the ``New World''
369(2)
The Voyages
369(1)
The Conquests
370(1)
Governing the Spanish Empire
370(1)
The Impact of European Expansion
371(6)
New Rivals
374(3)
Africa in Transition
377(6)
The Portuguese in Africa
377(1)
The Dutch in South Africa
378(1)
The Kingdom of Songhai
378(1)
The Slave Trade
378(5)
Political and Social Structures in a Changing Continent
383(1)
Southeast Asia in the Era of the Spice Trade
383(9)
The Arrival of the West
384(1)
State and Society in Precolonial Southeast Asia
385(4)
Conclusion
389(1)
Chapter Notes
390(1)
Suggested Reading
391(1)
Europe Transformed: Reform and State Building
392(27)
The Reformation of the Sixteenth Century
393(9)
Background of the Reformation
394
Martin Luther and the Reformation in Germany
295(102)
The Spread of the Protestant Reformation
397(2)
The Social Impact of the Protestant Reformation
399
The Catholic Reformation
349(53)
Europe in Crisis, 1560--1650
402(5)
Politics and the Wars of Religion in the Sixteenth Century
402(2)
Economic and Social Crises
404(2)
Seventeenth-Century Crises: Revolution and War
406(1)
Response to Crisis: The Practice of Absolutism
407(5)
France Under Louis XIV
408(2)
Absolutism in Central and Eastern Europe
410(2)
England and Limited Monarchy
412(1)
Conflict Between King and Parliament
412(1)
Civil War and Commonwealth
412(1)
Restoration and a Glorious Revolution
412(1)
The Flourishing of European Culture
413(6)
Art: The Baroque
413(2)
Art: Dutch Realism
415(1)
A Golden Age of Literature in England
415(2)
Conclusion
417(1)
Chapter Notes
418(1)
Suggested Reading
418(1)
The Muslim Empires
419(29)
The Ottoman Empire
420(10)
The Rise of the Ottoman Turks
420(1)
Expansion of the Empire
421(4)
The Nature of Turkish Rule
425(2)
Religion and Society in the Ottoman World
427(1)
The Ottomans in Decline
428(1)
Ottoman Art
428(2)
The Safavids
430(4)
The Rise of the Safavids
430(1)
Decline of the Dynasty
430(1)
Safavid Politics and Society
431(2)
Safavid Art and Literature
433(1)
The Grandeur of the Mughals
434(14)
The Mughal Dynasty: A ``Gunpowder Empire''?
434(1)
Akbar and Indo-Muslim Civilization
435(2)
Twilight of the Mughals
437(2)
The Impact of Western Power in India
439(2)
Society Under the Mughals
441(1)
Mughal Culture
442(3)
Conclusion
445(1)
Chapter Notes
445(1)
Suggested Reading
445(3)
The East Asian World
448(28)
China at Its Apex
449(7)
From the Ming to the Qing
449(2)
The Greatness of the Qing
451(5)
Changing China
456(6)
The Population Explosion
456(2)
Seeds of Industrialization
458(1)
Daily Life in Qing China
459(2)
Cultural Developments
461(1)
Tokugawa Japan
462(10)
The Three Great Unifiers
462(1)
Opening to the West
463(3)
The Tokugawa ``Great Peace''
466(2)
Life in the Village
468(1)
Tokugawa Culture
469(3)
Korea: The Hermit Kingdom
472(4)
Conclusion
473(1)
Chapter Notes
474(1)
Suggested Reading
474(2)
The West on the Eve of a New World Order
476(35)
Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: An Intellectual Revolution in the West
477(9)
The Scientific Revolution
477(2)
Background to the Enlightenment
479(1)
The Philosophes and Their Ideas
480(4)
Culture in an Enlightened Age
484(2)
Economic Changes and the Social Order
486(2)
New Economic Patterns
486(1)
European Society in the Eighteenth Century
486(2)
Colonial Empires and Revolution in the Western Hemisphere
488(4)
The Society of Latin America
488(2)
British North America
490(2)
Toward a New Political Order and Global Conflict
492(3)
Prussia: The Army and the Bureaucracy
492(1)
The Austrian Empire of the Habsburgs
492(1)
Russia Under Catherine the Great
492(1)
Enlightened Absolutism Reconsidered
493(1)
Changing Patterns of War: Global Confrontation
494(1)
The French Revolution
495(6)
Background to the French Revolution
495(1)
From Estates-General to National Assembly
496(1)
Destruction of the Old Regime
496(1)
The Radical Revolution
497(4)
Reaction and the Directory
501(1)
The Age of Napoleon
501(10)
Domestic Policies
501(1)
Napoleon's Empire
502(3)
Conclusion
505(1)
Chapter Notes
505(1)
Suggested Reading
505(6)
Glossary 511(12)
Pronunciation Guide 523(11)
Credits 534(5)
Index 539

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