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Writing in Response

by Parfitt

Edition:

1st

ISBN13:

9780312403935

ISBN10:

0312403933

Format:

Paperback

Pub. Date:

12/23/2011

Publisher(s):

Bedford/St. Martin's

Other versions by this Author

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Summary

Writing in Responseis a flexible, brief rhetoric that offers a unique focus on the critical practices of experienced readersanalysis and reflectionthe skills at the heart of academic writing. It helps students compose academic essays by showing how active reading and exploratory writing bring fresh ideas to light and how informal response is developed into polished, documented prose. Extensively class tested, Writing in Responseemphasizes the key techniques common to reading, thinking, and writing throughout the humanities and social sciences by teaching students the value of a social, incremental, and recursive writing process.

Introduction: Writing in Response to Reading
“What Does the Professor Want?”
The Values of the Academy
Academic Discourse
Why Do College Instructors Assign Writing?
Critical Thinking
“Live the Questions”
CHECKLIST FOR UNDERSTANDING ACADEMIC DISCOURSE

Part I, Responsive Reading
Chapter 1, Reading with a Purpose
Making Sense
Academic Reading: “Reading with a Purpose”
Context
GUIDELINES FOR ANALYZING RHETORICAL CONTEXT
Your Own Contexts
GUIDELINES FOR ANALYZING THE PURPOSE OF READING
GUIDELINES FOR ANALYZING YOUR MOTIVES FOR READING
Identifying the Genre of a Text
Clearing Space to Concentrate
Some Sources of Difficulty
Identifying Arguments
Ad Council, Start Talking Before They Start Drinking [advertisement]
Thomas Ball, The Freedmen’s Memorial [photograph]
Reading Critically
The Principle of Charity
CHECKLIST FOR READING WITH A PURPOSE

Chapter 2, Active Reading
Reading through the Text for the First Time
  Martin Luther, Colloquia Mensalia (Annotations by Samuel Taylor Coleridge)
  Student Sample Annotated Paragraph, First Reading
  Student Sample Annotated Paragraph, Second Reading
Reading Journal: Thoughts, Claims, and Questions
Re-reading
A Basic Dialectical Notebook
Reading Journal: Further Thoughts
  Mariana Gonzalez’s Second Entry in Her Reading Journal
CHECKLIST FOR ACTIVE READING

Chapter 3, Further Strategies for Active Reading
Variations on the Dialectical Notebook
Taking Double or Triple Entry Notes on a Computer
Adapting the Dialectical Notebook Method to Suit Your Own Needs and Style
Analyzing the Argument
Lewis Thomas, To Err is Human
Mapping the Text
What It Says/What It Does
Constructing a Radial Map of the Text
Evaluating the Argument
Reading With and Against the Grain
Believing and Doubting
Representing Another’s Idea’s Fairly and Accurately
Writing a Letter to the Author
Talking Out Your Ideas
CHECKLIST OF FURTHER STRATEGIES FOR ACTIVE READING

Part II, Composing and Revising
Chapter 4, Writing to Discover and Develop Ideas
The Value of Exploratory Writing
CHECKLIST FOR EXPLORATORY WRITING
René Magritte, The Liberator [painting]
The Benefits of Writing Daily
Making Meanings
You Can Always Write More
Focused Exploratory Writing
CHECKLIST FOR FOCUSED EXPLORATORY WRITING

Chapter 5, Developing an Argument
Argument as Structure
The Components of Argument: Motive, Claim, and Support
The Modes of Persuasion: Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
Types of Reasoning
Deduction
Induction
Types of Evidence
Drafting a Thesis Statement
The Role of the Thesis Statement
Drafting the Argument
Drafting Paragraphs
Revising: A Recursive Process
Revising Your Thesis
Revising Paragraphs
Beginning the Paragraph: Transition, Topic, and Claim
Varying Paragraph Length
Concluding Paragraphs
A Case Study of Paragraph Structure
James Surowiecki, A Drug on the Market
CHECKLIST FOR DEVELOPING AN ARGUMENT

Chapter 6, Organizing the Essay
Thinking Like a Reader
Organizing an Argument Essay
Drafting an Organizational Plan
GUIDELINES FOR CREATING CLUSTER DIAGRAMS ON A COMPUTER
Revising Organization: Constructing a Sentence Outline
  GUIDELINES FOR CONSTRUCTING AN OUTLINE
Organizing an Argument Essay: A Basic Model
Marc Dumas, Human Rights for Apes: A Well-Intentioned Mistake [student paper]
Organizing an Argument Essay: A Second Example
  Wendy Sung, A Campaign for the Dignity of the Great Apes [student    paper]
Clarification Strategies
CHECKLIST FOR ORGANIZING AN ARGUMENT ESSAY
Organizing an Exploratory Essay
Comparing the Exploratory Essay and the Argument Essay
Sample Essay in Argument Form
  Kelly Rivera, A Fatal Compromise: President Franklin Pierce and the Kansas-Nebraska Bill of 1854 [student essay]
Sample Essay in Exploratory Form
Greg Fernandez, Exploring the “Whys” of History: Franklin Pierce and the Kansas-Nebraska Bill of 1854 [student essay]
CHECKLIST FOR ORGANIZING AN EXPLORATORY ESSAY

Part III, Attending to Style
Chapter 7, Crafting Sentences
Sentence Grammar
Phrases
GUIDELINES FOR USING GRAMMAR CHECKERS
Grammatical Sentence Types
Rhetorical Sentence Types
Writing Longer Sentences
Sentence Combining: Subordinating and Coordinating
Telling a Story with Active Sentences
Expletive Constructions
CHECKLIST FOR CRAFTING SENTENCES

Chapter 8, Writing with Style
Some Famous Styles ( John Lyly, Walter Pater, Virginia Woolf, Martin Luther King, Jr., Annie Dillard)
Plain Style
Principles of Plain Style
Use Clear and Direct Vocabulary
The Roots of English: Simple Words
Use Verbs to Bring Life and Action to Sentences
Use Figures of Speech and Metaphors with Care
Avoid Monotonous Sentence Patterns
“Copious” Style: Develop Key Ideas
Achieve a Balance of Rich and Plain
Academic Style
CHECKLIST FOR WRITING WITH STYLE

Part IV, Research and Documentation
Chapter 9, Conducting Research
The Purpose of Research
Managing the Research Process
Developing a Research Strategy
Two Sample Schedules for Writing a Paper
Getting Started: Scouting for a Topic
Understanding the Big Picture
Selecting Sources and Narrowing Your Focus
Finding Scholarly Articles
Working with Books
Sample Working Bibliography
Using Specialized Reference Works
Types of Sources and their Characteristics, a Table
Other Sources
Evaluating Sources
Reading Critically to Develop a Position
Drafting and Revising
CHECKLIST FOR CONDUCTING RESEARCH

Chapter 10, Documentation
Documentation and Scholarship
The Function of Documentation in a Scholarly Conversation
James Watson and Francis Crick, From Molecular Structure of Nucleic
Acids
Gisela Bock, From Racism and Sexism in Nazi Germany: Motherhood,
Compulsory Sterilization, and the State
GUIDELINES FOR WHAT TO CITE
Soledad Gonzalez, Do High School Students Share the Right to Free Speech?
Avoiding Plagiarism
Writing an Acceptable Paraphrase
WHY AND HOW TO PARAPHRASE
Writing a Summary or Abstract
Documentation in MLA, Chicago, and APA Styles
MLA Style
Charlene Wynn, Chaucer’s Clerk’s Tale and the Peasants’ Revolt [student essay]
Chicago Style
Serge Mogan, Congestion Pricing for New York: A Practical Solution [student essay]
APA Style
Ellen Kang, The Effectiveness of Music Therapy in the Treatment of
Disease [student essay]
Latin Documentation Terms
Tools to Help with Citation
CHECKLIST FOR DOCUMENTATION

Part V, Readings
Adam Gopnik, Looking for Mr. Ravioli
Kathryn Schulz, Two Models of Wrongness
Jane Tompkins, At the Buffalo Bill Museum, June 1988
Frans de Waal, Are We In Anthropodenial?
Cornel West, Malcolm X and Black Rage