5 Steps to a 5: AP Biology, Second Edition

by Anestis, Mark

• ISBN13: 9780071476300
• ISBN10: 007147630X
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-12-04
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill

Summary

More than 100,000 students take the AP Biology test every year. With updated information on essays, and new free-response questions, this guide gets you prepped for this new format better than any other test prep book on the market.

Author Biography

Mark Anestis is founder and director of The Learning Edge and coauthor of McGraw-Hill's SAT I (0-07-146235-X).

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xv
How to Use This Book	p. 1
The Basics	p. 3
Organization of the Book	p. 3
Introduction to the Five-Step Program	p. 4
Three Approaches to Preparing for the AP Biology Exam	p. 5
Calendar for Each Plan	p. 7
Introduction to the Graphics Used in This Book	p. 9
What You Need to Know About the AP Biology Exam	p. 11
Background of the Advanced Placement Program	p. 13
Who Writes the AP Biology Exam	p. 13
The AP Grades and Who Receives Them	p. 13
Reasons for Taking the AP Biology Exam	p. 13
Questions Frequently Asked about the AP Biology Exam	p. 14
Tips for Taking the AP Biology Exam	p. 17
Getting Started: The Diagnostic Exam	p. 19
Comprehensive Review	p. 31
Chemistry	p. 33
Introduction	p. 33
Elements, Compounds, Atoms, and Ions	p. 33
Lipids, Carbohydrates, and Proteins	p. 35
Enzymes	p. 39
pH: Acids and Bases	p. 40
Reactions	p. 41
Review Questions	p. 42
Answers and Explanations	p. 43
Rapid Review	p. 44
Cells	p. 45
Introduction	p. 45
Types of Cells	p. 45
Organelles	p. 45
Cell Membranes: Fluid Mosaic Model	p. 47
Types of Cell Transport	p. 48
Review Questions	p. 50
Answers and Explanations	p. 51
Rapid Review	p. 52
Respiration	p. 54
Introduction	p. 54
Aerobic Respiration	p. 54
Anaerobic Respiration	p. 60
Review Questions	p. 62
Answers and Explanations	p. 62
Rapid Review	p. 63
Photosynthesis	p. 65
Introduction	p. 65
The Players in Photosynthesis	p. 65
Reactions of Photosynthesis	p. 67
Types of Photosynthesis	p. 71
Review Questions	p. 73
Answers and Explanations	p. 74
Rapid Review	p. 75
Cell Division	p. 77
Introduction	p. 77
Cell Division in Prokaryotes	p. 77
The Cell Cycle	p. 77
Mitosis	p. 78
Control of Cell Division	p. 80
Haploid versus Diploid Organisms	p. 80
Meiosis	p. 81
Life Cycles	p. 83
Sources of Cell Variation	p. 84
Review Questions	p. 85
Answers and Explanations	p. 86
Rapid Review	p. 87
Heredity	p. 89
Introduction	p. 89
Terms Important in Studying Heredity	p. 89
Mendel and His Peas	p. 90
Intermediate Inheritance	p. 92
Other Forms of Inheritance	p. 92
Sex Determination and Sex Linkage	p. 94
Linkage and Gene Mapping	p. 95
Heads or Tails?	p. 96
Pedigrees	p. 97
Common Disorders	p. 99
Chromosomal Complications	p. 99
Review Questions	p. 100
Answers and Explanations	p. 102
Rapid Review	p. 105
Molecular Genetics	p. 107
Introduction	p. 107
DNA Structure and Function	p. 107
RNA Structure and Function	p. 107
Replication of DNA	p. 108
Transcription of DNA	p. 111
RNA Processing	p. 112
Translation of RNA	p. 112
Gene Expression	p. 113
The Genetics of Viruses	p. 115
The Genetics of Bacteria	p. 116
Genetic Engineering	p. 118
Review Questions	p. 120
Answers and Explanations	p. 121
Rapid Review	p. 123
Evolution	p. 125
Introduction	p. 125
Definition of Evolution	p. 125
Natural Selection	p. 126
Lamarck and Darwin	p. 127
Adaptations	p. 128
Types of Selection	p. 128
Evolution Patterns	p. 130
Sources of Variation	p. 130
Speciation	p. 131
When Evolution Is not Occurring: Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium	p. 132
The Evidence for Evolution	p. 133
Macroevolution	p. 134
How Life Probably Emerged	p. 135
Review Questions	p. 137
Answers and Explanations	p. 138
Rapid Review	p. 139
Taxonomy and Classification	p. 141
Introduction	p. 141
Five or Six Kingdoms?	p. 141
Kingdom Monera	p. 142
Endosymbiotic Theory	p. 143
Kingdom Protista	p. 143
Kingdom Plantae	p. 145
Kingdom Fungi	p. 148
Kingdom Animalia	p. 148
Review Questions	p. 151
Answers and Explanations	p. 152
Rapid Review	p. 152
Plants	p. 155
Introduction	p. 155
Anatomy of Plants	p. 155
Roots	p. 156
The Shoot System	p. 157
Plant Hormones	p. 158
Plant Tropisms	p. 159
Photoperiodism	p. 159
Go with the Flow: Osmosis, Capillary Action, Cohesion-Tension Theory, and Transpiration	p. 160
The Changing of the Guard: Regulating Stomata Activity	p. 161
"Move over, Sugar": Carbohydrate Transport through Phloem	p. 161
Review Questions	p. 161
Answers and Explanations	p. 162
Rapid Review	p. 163
Human Physiology	p. 165
Introduction	p. 165
Circulatory System	p. 165
Respiratory System	p. 167
Digestive System	p. 168
Control of the Internal Environment	p. 169
Nervous System	p. 173
Muscular System	p. 174
Endocrine System	p. 177
Immune System	p. 180
Review Questions	p. 182
Answers and Explanations	p. 183
Rapid Review	p. 184
Human Reproduction	p. 187
Introduction	p. 187
Sex Differences	p. 187
Anatomy	p. 187
Embryonic Development	p. 191
The Influence of Hormones	p. 194
Review Questions	p. 195
Answers and Explanations	p. 196
Rapid Review	p. 197
Behavioral Ecology and Ethology	p. 199
Introduction	p. 199
Types of Animal Learning	p. 199
Animal Movement	p. 200
Animal Communication	p. 202
Review Questions	p. 203
Answers and Explanations	p. 204
Rapid Review	p. 204
Ecology in Further Detail	p. 207
Introduction	p. 207
Population Ecology and Growth	p. 207
Life History Strategies	p. 210
Community and Succession	p. 211
Trophic Levels	p. 214
Biomes	p. 215
Biogeochemical Cycles	p. 217
Review Questions	p. 218
Answers and Explanations	p. 219
Rapid Review	p. 221
Laboratory Review	p. 223
Introduction	p. 223
Diffusion and Osmosis	p. 223
Enzyme Catalysis	p. 225
Mitosis and Meiosis	p. 226
Plant Pigments and Photosynthesis	p. 227
Cell Respiration	p. 229
Molecular Biology	p. 230
Genetics of Organisms	p. 232
Population Genetics and Evolution	p. 233
Transpiration	p. 234
Physiology of the Circulatory System	p. 235
Animal Behavior	p. 236
Dissolved Oxygen and Aquatic Primary Productivity	p. 236
Review Questions	p. 237
Answers and Explanations	p. 238
Rapid Review	p. 239
Free-Response Review	p. 242
Introduction	p. 242
The Basics	p. 242
Some Helpful Tips	p. 243
	p. 245
	p. 249
	p. 253
	p. 258
Practice Makes Perfect!	p. 263
	p. 265
	p. 292
Appendix	p. 319
Bibliography	p. 321
Websites	p. 322
Glossary	p. 323
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