Maps and Graphs | p. xix |
Features | p. xxi |
American Lives | |
Re-Viewing the Past | |
Mapping the Past | |
Debating the Past | |
Preface | p. xxiii |
About the Authors | p. xxviii |
Prologue: Beginnings | p. 2 |
Passage to Alaska | p. 3 |
The Demise of the Big Mammals | p. 5 |
The Archaic Period: A World Without Big Mammals, 9000 B.C.E.-1000 B.C.E | p. 5 |
The First Sedentary Communities, 1000 B.C.E | p. 7 |
Corn Transforms the Southwest | p. 9 |
The Diffusion of Corn | p. 11 |
Population Growth After 800 | p. 11 |
Cahokia: The Hub of Mississippian Culture | p. 12 |
The Collapse of Urban Centers | p. 13 |
American Beginnings in Eurasia and Africa | p. 14 |
Europe in Ferment | p. 15 |
Debating the Past: Who-or what-killed the big mammals? | p. 6 |
Alien Encounters: Europe in the Americas | p. 18 |
Columbus | p. 20 |
Spain's American Empire | p. 22 |
Indians and Europeans | p. 23 |
Relativity of Cultural Values | p. 23 |
Disease and Population Losses | p. 25 |
Spain's European Rivals | p. 27 |
The Protestant Reformation | p. 27 |
English Beginnings in America | p. 29 |
The Settlement of Virginia | p. 30 |
"Purifying" the Church of England | p. 32 |
Bradford and Plymouth Colony | p. 33 |
Winthrop and Massachusetts Bay Colony | p. 36 |
Troublemakers: Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson | p. 38 |
Other New England Colonies | p. 39 |
French and Dutch Settlements | p. 39 |
Maryland and the Carolinas | p. 40 |
The Middle Colonies | p. 42 |
Indians and Europeans as "Americanizers" | p. 43 |
American Lives: Tisquantum | p. 34 |
Debating the Past: How many Indians perished with European settlement? | p. 26 |
American Society in the Making | p. 48 |
What Is an American? | p. 50 |
Spanish Settlement | p. 50 |
The Chesapeake Colonies | p. 51 |
The Lure of Land | p. 53 |
"Solving" the Labor Shortage: Slavery | p. 54 |
Prosperity in a Pipe: Tobacco | p. 56 |
Bacon's Rebellion | p. 57 |
The Carolinas | p. 58 |
Home and Family in the South | p. 60 |
Georgia and the Back Country | p. 61 |
Puritan New England | p. 62 |
The Puritan Family | p. 62 |
Puritan Women and Children | p. 62 |
Visible Puritan Saints and Others | p. 63 |
Democracies Without Democrats | p. 64 |
The Dominion of New England | p. 65 |
Salem Bewitched | p. 65 |
Higher Education in New England | p. 66 |
Prosperity Undermines Puritanism | p. 70 |
A Merchant's World | p. 72 |
The Middle Colonies: Economic Basis | p. 72 |
The Middle Colonies: An Intermingling of Peoples | p. 73 |
"The Best Poor Man's Country" | p. 74 |
The Politics of Diversity | p. 75 |
Rebellious Women | p. 76 |
Re-Viewing the Past: The Crucible | p. 68 |
Debating the Past: Were puritan communities peaceable? | p. 71 |
America in the British Empire | p. 78 |
The British Colonial System | p. 80 |
Mercantilism | p. 81 |
The Navigation Acts | p. 82 |
The Effects of Mercantilism | p. 83 |
The Great Awakening | p. 84 |
The Rise and Fall of Jonathan Edwards | p. 86 |
The Enlightenment in America | p. 86 |
Colonial Scientific Achievements | p. 88 |
Repercussions of Distant Wars | p. 89 |
The Great War for the Empire | p. 92 |
The Peace of Paris | p. 94 |
Putting the Empire Right | p. 95 |
Tightening Imperial Controls | p. 96 |
The Sugar Act | p. 97 |
American Colonists Demand Rights | p. 99 |
The Stamp Act: The Pot Set to Boiling | p. 99 |
Rioters or Rebels? | p. 101 |
Taxation or Tyranny? | p. 101 |
The Declaratory Act | p. 102 |
The Townshend Duties | p. 102 |
The Boston Massacre | p. 103 |
The Pot Spills Over | p. 104 |
The Tea Act Crisis | p. 104 |
From Resistance to Revolution | p. 106 |
American Lives: Eunice Williams/Gannenstenhawi | p. 90 |
Debating the Past: Was economic gain the colonists' main motivation? | p. 87 |
The American Revolution | p. 110 |
"The Shot Heard Round the World" | p. 112 |
The Second Continental Congress | p. 112 |
The Battle of Bunker Hill | p. 113 |
The Great Declaration | p. 114 |
1776: The Balance of Forces | p. 116 |
Loyalists | p. 118 |
Early British Victories | p. 118 |
Saratoga and the French Alliance | p. 119 |
The War Moves South | p. 122 |
Victory at Yorktown | p. 123 |
The Peace of Paris | p. 126 |
Forming a National Government | p. 128 |
Financing the War | p. 129 |
State Republican Governments | p. 130 |
Social Reform | p. 130 |
Effects of the Revolution on Women | p. 132 |
Growth of a National Spirit | p. 133 |
The Great Land Ordinances | p. 134 |
National Heroes | p. 137 |
A National Culture | p. 137 |
Re-Viewing the Past: The Patriot | p. 124 |
Debating the Past: Was the American Revolution rooted in class struggle? | p. 128 |
The Federalist Era: Nationalism Triumphant | p. 140 |
Border Problems | p. 142 |
Foreign Trade | p. 143 |
The Specter of Inflation | p. 143 |
Daniel Shays's "Little Rebellion" | p. 144 |
To Philadelphia, and the Constitution | p. 145 |
The Great Convention | p. 145 |
The Compromises That Produced the Constitution | p. 146 |
Ratifying the Constitution | p. 149 |
Washington as President | p. 151 |
Congress Under Way | p. 154 |
Hamilton and Financial Reform | p. 155 |
The Ohio Country: A Dark and Bloody Ground | p. 157 |
Revolution in France | p. 158 |
Federalists and Republicans: The Rise of Political Parties | p. 159 |
1794: Crisis and Resolution | p. 160 |
Jay's Treaty | p. 160 |
1795: All's Well That Ends Well | p. 161 |
Washington's Farewell | p. 162 |
The Election of 1796 | p. 162 |
The XYZ Affair | p. 163 |
The Alien and Sedition Acts | p. 165 |
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolves | p. 165 |
Mapping the Past: Depicting History with Maps | p. 152 |
Debating the Past: What ideas shaped the Constitution? | p. 148 |
Jeffersonian Democracy | p. 168 |
The Federalist Contribution | p. 170 |
Thomas Jefferson: Political Theorist | p. 170 |
Jefferson as President | p. 172 |
Jefferson's Attack on the Judiciary | p. 173 |
The Barbary Pirates | p. 174 |
The Louisiana Purchase | p. 175 |
The Federalists Discredited | p. 177 |
Lewis and Clark | p. 178 |
Jeffersonian Democracy | p. 182 |
The Burr Conspiracy | p. 182 |
Napoleon and the British | p. 184 |
The Impressment Controversy | p. 185 |
The Embargo Act | p. 186 |
Mapping the Past: A Water Route to the Pacific? | p. 180 |
Debating the Past: Did Thomas Jefferson father a child by his slave? | p. 171 |
National Growing Pains | p. 190 |
Madison in Power | p. 191 |
Tecumseh and Indian Resistance | p. 192 |
Depression and Land Hunger | p. 193 |
Opponents of War | p. 195 |
The War of 1812 | p. 195 |
Britain Assumes the Offensive | p. 199 |
"The Star Spangled Banner" | p. 199 |
The Treaty of Ghent | p. 200 |
The Hartford Convention | p. 201 |
The Battle of New Orleans | p. 201 |
Victory Weakens the Federalists | p. 202 |
Anglo-American Rapprochement | p. 203 |
The Transcontinental Treaty | p. 204 |
The Monroe Doctrine | p. 204 |
The Era of Good Feelings | p. 206 |
New Sectional Issues | p. 208 |
Northern Leaders | p. 210 |
Southern Leaders | p. 212 |
Western Leaders | p. 213 |
The Missouri Compromise | p. 214 |
The Election of 1824 | p. 215 |
John Quincy Adams as President | p. 216 |
Calhoun's Exposition and Protest | p. 217 |
The Meaning of Sectionalism | p. 220 |
Mapping the Past: North-South Sectionalism Intensifies | p. 218 |
Debating the Past: How did Indians and settlers interact? | p. 194 |
Toward a National Economy | p. 222 |
Gentility and the Consumer Revolution | p. 223 |
Birth of the Factory | p. 224 |
An Industrial Proletariat? | p. 228 |
Lowell's Waltham System: Women as Factory Workers | p. 228 |
Irish and German Immigrants | p. 230 |
The Persistence of the Household System | p. 230 |
Rise of Corporations | p. 231 |
Cotton Revolutionizes the South | p. 232 |
Revival of Slavery | p. 233 |
Roads to Market | p. 235 |
Transportation and the Government | p. 237 |
Development of Steamboats | p. 237 |
The Canal Boom | p. 240 |
New York City: Emporium of the Western World | p. 242 |
The Marshall Court | p. 244 |
Mapping the Past: The Making of the Working Class | p. 226 |
Debating the Past: Was early nineteenth-century America transformed by a "market revolution"? | p. 238 |
Jacksonian Democracy | p. 248 |
"Democratizing" Politics | p. 250 |
1828: The New Party System in Embryo | p. 251 |
The Jacksonian Appeal | p. 252 |
The Spoils System | p. 253 |
President of All the People | p. 253 |
Sectional Tensions Revived | p. 254 |
Jackson: "The Bank ... I Will Kill It!" | p. 254 |
Jackson's Bank Veto | p. 255 |
Jackson Versus Calhoun | p. 257 |
Indian Removals | p. 258 |
The Nullification Crisis | p. 260 |
Boom and Bust | p. 262 |
Jacksonianism Abroad | p. 263 |
The Jacksonians | p. 263 |
Rise of the Whigs | p. 265 |
Martin Van Buren: Jacksonianism Without Jackson | p. 265 |
The Log Cabin Campaign | p. 267 |
American Lives: Horace Greeley | p. 268 |
Debating the Past: For whom did Jackson fight? | p. 264 |
The Making of Middle-Class America | p. 272 |
Tocqueville and Beaumont in America | p. 273 |
Tocqueville in Judgment | p. 274 |
A Restless People | p. 275 |
The Family Recast | p. 276 |
The Second Great Awakening | p. 277 |
The Era of Associations | p. 279 |
Backwoods Utopias | p. 280 |
The Age of Reform | p. 282 |
"Demon Rum" | p. 284 |
The Abolitionist Crusade | p. 285 |
Women's Rights | p. 289 |
American Lives: Sojourner Truth | p. 286 |
Debating the Past: Did the antebellum reform movement improve society? | p. 283 |
An American Culture | p. 294 |
In Search of Native Grounds | p. 295 |
The Romantic View of Life | p. 297 |
Emerson and Thoreau | p. 298 |
Edgar Allan Poe | p. 300 |
Nathaniel Hawthorne | p. 300 |
Herman Melville | p. 301 |
Walt Whitman | p. 302 |
The Wider Literary Renaissance | p. 304 |
Domestic Tastes | p. 305 |
Education for Democracy | p. 306 |
Reading and the Dissemination of Culture | p. 307 |
The State of the Colleges | p. 309 |
Civic Cultures | p. 312 |
American Humor | p. 312 |
Mapping the Past: Nature as a Civilizing Force | p. 310 |
Debating the Past: Was there an "American Renaissance"? | p. 303 |
Westward Expansion | p. 316 |
Tyler's Troubles | p. 317 |
The Webster-Ashburton Treaty | p. 318 |
The Texas Question | p. 319 |
Manifest Destiny | p. 321 |
Life on the Trail | p. 321 |
California and Oregon | p. 324 |
The Election of 1844 | p. 325 |
Polk as President | p. 326 |
War with Mexico | p. 327 |
To the Halls of Montezuma | p. 329 |
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo | p. 331 |
The Fruits of Victory: Further Enlargement of the United States | p. 332 |
Slavery: The Fire Bell in the Night Rings Again | p. 332 |
The Election of 1848 | p. 333 |
The Gold Rush | p. 334 |
The Compromise of 1850 | p. 335 |
Mapping the Past: Fertility and the Frontier | p. 322 |
Debating the Past: Did the frontier change women's roles? | p. 326 |
The Sections Go Their Ways | p. 340 |
The South | p. 341 |
The Economics of Slavery | p. 342 |
Antebellum Plantation Life | p. 344 |
The Sociology of Slavery | p. 345 |
Psychological Effects of Slavery | p. 348 |
Manufacturing in the South | p. 348 |
The Northern Industrial Juggernaut | p. 349 |
A Nation of Immigrants | p. 350 |
How Wage Earners Lived | p. 351 |
Progress and Poverty | p. 354 |
Foreign Commerce | p. 355 |
Steam Conquers the Atlantic | p. 355 |
Canals and Railroads | p. 357 |
Financing the Railroads | p. 358 |
Railroads and the Economy | p. 359 |
Railroads and the Sectional Conflict | p. 361 |
The Economy on the Eve of Civil War | p. 362 |
Mapping the Past: Irish and German Immigration | p. 352 |
Debating the Past: Did slaves and masters form emotional bonds? | p. 349 |
The Coming of the Civil War | p. 364 |
The Slave Power Comes North | p. 365 |
Uncle Tom's Cabin | p. 366 |
Diversions Abroad: The "Young America" Movement | p. 368 |
Stephen Douglas: "The Little Giant" | p. 370 |
The Kansas-Nebraska Act | p. 371 |
Know-Nothings, Republicans, and the Demise of the Two-Party System | p. 373 |
"Bleeding Kansas" | p. 374 |
Senator Sumner Becomes a Martyr for Abolitionism | p. 376 |
Buchanan Tries His Hand | p. 377 |
The Dred Scott Decision | p. 377 |
The Lecompton Constitution | p. 379 |
The Emergence of Lincoln | p. 379 |
The Lincoln-Douglas Debates | p. 381 |
John Brown's Raid | p. 383 |
The Election of 1860 | p. 383 |
The Secession Crisis | p. 386 |
Mapping the Past: Runaway Slaves: Hard Realities | p. 368 |
Debating the Past: Was the Civil War avoidable? | p. 374 |
The War to Save the Union | p. 390 |
Lincoln's Cabinet | p. 392 |
Fort Sumter: The First Shot | p. 392 |
The Blue and the Gray | p. 393 |
The Test of Battle: Bull Run | p. 395 |
Paying for the War | p. 396 |
Politics as Usual | p. 397 |
Behind Confederate Lines | p. 398 |
War in the West: Shiloh | p. 399 |
McClellan: The Reluctant Warrior | p. 400 |
Lee Counterattacks: Antietam | p. 401 |
The Emancipation Proclamation | p. 402 |
The Draft Riots | p. 403 |
The Emancipated People | p. 404 |
African American Soldiers | p. 405 |
Antietam to Gettysburg | p. 408 |
Lincoln Finds His General: Grant at Vicksburg | p. 410 |
Economic and Social Effects, North and South | p. 411 |
Women in Wartime | p. 412 |
Grant in the Wilderness | p. 414 |
Sherman in Georgia | p. 415 |
To Appomattox Court House | p. 417 |
Winners, Losers, and the Future | p. 419 |
Re-Viewing the Past: Glory | p. 406 |
Re-Viewing the Past: Cold Mountain | p. 420 |
Debating the Past: Why did the South lose the Civil War? | p. 418 |
Reconstruction and the South | p. 424 |
Presidential Reconstruction | p. 425 |
Republican Radicals | p. 427 |
Congress Rejects Johnsonian Reconstruction | p. 428 |
The Fourteenth Amendment | p. 430 |
The Reconstruction Acts | p. 430 |
Congress Supreme | p. 431 |
The Fifteenth Amendment | p. 431 |
"Black Republican" Reconstruction: Scalawags and Carpetbaggers | p. 435 |
The Ravaged Land | p. 436 |
Sharecropping and the Crop-Lien System | p. 438 |
The White Backlash | p. 440 |
Grant as President | p. 441 |
The Disputed Election of 1876 | p. 442 |
The Compromise of 1877 | p. 443 |
Mapping the Past: The Politics of Reconstruction | p. 432 |
Debating the Past: Were Reconstruction governments corrupt? | p. 434 |
Appendix | p. A1 |
The Declaration of Independence | p. A3 |
The Articles of Confederation | p. A5 |
The Constitution of the United States of America | p. A9 |
Amendments to the Constitution | p. A14 |
Presidential Elections, 1789-2004 | p. A19 |
Present-day United States | p. A32 |
Present-day World | p. A34 |
Picture Credits | p. C1 |
Index | p. I1 |
Primary Source Documents | p. D1 |
How to Analyze Primary Source Documents | p. D3 |
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