Applications Programming in C++

by Johnsonbaugh, Richard; Kalin, Martin

• ISBN13: 9780137489633
• ISBN10: 0137489633
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-10-15
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

Exceptionally organized and beautifully illustrated, this state-of-the-art guide to C++ programming is amust-have for anyone who needs to learn the language. Exploring C++ programming's most useful aspects (as well as some of its more specialized parts), it focuses on using the language to write practical programs based on sound design techniques. Presents the must up-to-date coverage of C++ available - including a full section on STL (standard template library) - and offers many well-constructed examples, useful self-test exercises, beautifully fashioned sample applications, interesting and applicable programming exercises, lists of common programming errors, C++ Postscript sections that explain esoteric and less-used parts of the language, stunning illustrations, and up-to-date features. Includes a supplemental IBM-format program disk; a companion website contains the sourcecode, header files, and data files found on the disk as well as transparencies and an errata list.

Table of Contents

(NOTE: Most chapters conclude with a C++ Postscript, Common Programming Errors, and Programming Exercises.)
0. Computer Systems and Program Development.

Algorithms. Computer Systems. Internal Representations. Programming Languages. Problem Solving and Program Development. Why C++?

1. Introduction to Data Types and Operators.

A First C++ Program. The int Data Type. Identifiers. Sample Application: Conversion of Lengths. Other Integer Data Types. Floating-Point Data Types. Arithmetic Operators. Sample Application: A Math Puzzle. Relational and Logical Operators.

2. Control Flow.

The tt if-tt else Statement. Sample Application: Computing Taxes. The while Statement. Sample Application: Computing Taxes Revisited. Files. The do while Statement. The for Statement. Assignment, Increment, and Decrement Operators. Sample Application: Statistical Measures. The break, continue, and switch Statements. Sample Application: Generating Prime Numbers. Promotions and Casts. Formatting.

3. Functions.

Introduction. Scope. Call by Value. Sample Application: The Monty Hall Problem. Call by Reference. Sample Application: Printing a Calendar. Overloading Functions. Recursion.

4. Arrays.

Why Arrays? The Index Operator. Arrays and Pointers. Sample Application: Totaling Votes. Character Strings. Arrays and Functions. String-Handling Functions. Sample Application: Merging Files. Multidimensional Arrays. Sample Application: Maintaining an Address Book.

5. Classes.

Object-Oriented and Procedural Programming. Classes and Objects. Sample Application: A Clock Class. Sample Application: A Time Stamp Class. Constructors and the Destructor. Sample Application: A Task Class. Class Data Members and Methods. Using Class Libraries. Pointers to Objects and the Indirect Selection Operator.

6. Inheritance.

Introduction. Basic Concepts and Syntax. Sample Application: Tracking Films. protected Members. Constructors and Destructors Under Inheritance. Sample Application: A Sequence Hierarchy.

7. Polymorphism.

Run-Time versus Compile-Time Binding in C++. Sample Application: Tracking Films Revisited. Name Overloading, Name Overriding, and Name Hiding. Abstract Base Classes.

8. Operator Overloading.

Basic Operator Overloading. Sample Application: A Complex Number Class. Operator Overloading Using Top-Level Functions. friend Functions. Overloading the Input and Output Operators. Overloading Some Special Operators. Sample Application: An Associative Array.

9. Storage.

Compile-Time and Run-Time Storage. Storage Classes for Variables. Pointers and Dynamic Storage. Sample Application: Sorting and Searching. Classes with Pointers as Data Members.

10. Templates and the Standard Template Library.

Template Basics. Sample Application: A Template Stack Class. Namespaces. The Standard Template Library. Sample Application: Stock Performance Reports.

A. ASCII Table.
B. The Preprocessor.
C. Selected C++ Functions and Methods.
D. Run-Time Type Identification.
E. Exception Handling.
Hints and Solutions to Odd-Numbered Exercises.
Index.

Excerpts

Preface Applications Programming in C++ is based on C++ courses given by the authors at DePaul University over the last several years. We assume no prior knowledge of C++, but we do assume programming experience in some high-level language. We provide Chapter 0 as background for those with modest programming experience. More advanced users can begin with Chapter 1. The book can be used for a one-term course in applications programming in C++ or for self-study. The book and its supplements---an Instructor''s Guide and a World Wide Web site---provide a comprehensive support system to help the reader master C++. The book includes numerous examples, exercises, sample applications, programming exercises, lists of common programming errors, and illustrations. Overview During the 1980s and early 1990s, C became the language of choice for many applications and systems programmers. Most major software available for personal computers was written in C: spreadsheets, word processors, databases, communications packages, statistical software, graphics packages, and so on. Virtually all software written for the UNIX environment was likewise written in C, and many mainframe systems meant to be ported from one platform to another were also coded in C. In the early 1980s, Bjarne Stroustrup of AT\&T Bell Labs developed C++ as an extension of C that supports object-oriented programming, a type of programming that is well suited to the large, complex software systems now written for all platforms, from the cheapest personal computers to the most expensive mainframes. C++ also corrects some shortcomings in C, which C++ includes as a subset, and it supports abstract data types and generic functions through templates. C++ is a highly complex language. Fortunately, most C++ programmers can benefit from its power without mastering each and every one of its features. Because this is an introductory book, we focus on the most useful aspects of the language; but we place some of the more esoteric and specialized parts of the language in end-of-chapter sections labeled C++ Postscript. We focus on using C++ to write practical programs based on sound design techniques, rather than on tricks and surprises in C++. This book includes the following features: Examples and exercises that cover a wide range of applications. Motivating real-world applications. A broad variety of programming exercises. The book contains over 160 programming exercises. Sections on common programming errors. Discussion of standard C++ functions and methods. Exercises at the ends of sections so that readers can check their mastery of the sections. The book contains nearly 600 such exercises. Answers to the odd-numbered section exercises are given in the back of the book, and answers to the even-numbered section exercises are given in the Instructor''s Guide. Illustrations to facilitate the learning process. The latest changes to the C++ language including new-style headers, new-style casts, type, namespaces, and the namespace. A discussion of algorithms (Section 0.1). Coverage of computer systems (Section 0.2). An overview of programming languages (Section 0.4). A discussion of program development including program specification, algorithm design, coding, and testing (Section 0.5). Problem-solving strategies (Section 0.5). Early coverage of files (Section 2.5). A thorough discussion of recursion (Section 3.8). Coverage of STL (the Standard Template Library) (Chapter 10). A number of appendices. Topics grouped according to their use and their relationships to one another. This organization enables readers to write simple but useful programs immediately and to skip or postpone some of the less often used and more esoteric parts of the language. Understandable code. We have opted for clarity rather than subterfuges based on obscure C++ features. C++: A Hybrid Language C++ is essentially C with extensions to support object-oriented programming. Because C supports traditional, procedural programming, C++ is a hybrid language; it supports both procedural and object-oriented programming. It is a challenge to teach both procedural and object-oriented programming in the same course and to develop pedagogical strategies to address both programming paradigms. This book reflects our belief, based on our experience teaching C++, that some procedural programming is necessary before moving on to the object-oriented parts of C++. Thus we first cover basic control structures (e.g., loops, if statements), data types, operators, arrays, and functions. Once the basics of C++ as a procedural language have been covered, we introduce classes, inheritance, and polymorphism---the key concepts in object-oriented programming. We then turn to operator overloading, storage, templates, and other C++ features. This approach is justified because: It is pedagogically sound to begin with less abstract topics (e.g., basic control structures) before moving up to more abstract topics (e.g., classes and inheritance). All but the most trivial classes need basic control structures, data types, operators, arrays, and functions. Even if the programming paradigm is "object-oriented,"'' implementation of classes requires basic control structures, data types, operators, arrays, and functions. Organization of the Book Chapter 0 serves as an introduction to computer systems and program development. (This chapter can be skipped if this material is already known.) We begin in Section 0.1 by discussing algorithms. Section 0.2 presents an overview of computer systems including hardware (main memory, CPU, etc.) and software (text editors, compilers, etc.). Internal representations of integers, floating-point numbers, characters, and instructions are discussed in Section 0.3. Section 0.4 continues with a discussion of programming languages (assembly languages and high-level languages). Section 0.5 summarizes the phases of program development: program specification, algorithm design, coding, and testing. In addition, several problem-solving strategies are given in Section 0.5. A discussion of the C++ language (Section 0.6) concludes Chapter 0. Chapters 1 through 4 are devoted to the basics of C++ as a procedural language. In Chapter 1 we discuss integer and floating-point data types; identifiers; and arithmetic, relational, and logical operators. After Chapter~1, readers can immediately begin writing simple, but useful, programs. In Chapter 2, we discuss the if-else statement; while, do while, and for loops; files; the assignment, increment, and decrement operators; the break, continue, and switch statements; promotions and casts; and basic formatting. Because C++ programs compiled under Windows are best used with disk input and output files, we treat files early. Functions and program structure are discussed in Chapter 3. Parameters and call by value are covered in Sections 3.1 through 3.3. Call by reference is the topic of Section 3.5. Function overloading is introduced in Section 3.7. Recursion is the topic of Section 3.8. Sections 3.4 and 3.6 are devoted to sample applications. Chapter 4 is devoted to arrays. Pointers and character strings are introduced to underscore their connection with arrays. After covering the basics of C++ as a procedural language, we introduce the object-oriented features: classes, inheritance, and polymorphism. We cover class basics in Chapter 5: classes and objects, data members and methods, constructors and the destructor, defining classes and using them