Bioethics: An Anthology

by Kuhse, Helga; Singer, Peter

• ISBN13: 9780631203100
• ISBN10: 0631203109
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1999-09-01
• Publisher: John Wiley & Sons Inc

Summary

This volume is a definitive, high-qualiity, one-volume collection of key primary texts for the study of bioethics. In its structure and content, the Anthology is intended to complement the Companion to Bioethics, edited by the same scholars. The Anthology is independent of any particular approach to bioethics. Can be used as a source book to complement the Companion to Bioethics. Probes more deeply than the standard anthologies into the foundations of bioethics. More global in approach than competition.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(8)
Part I Before Birth	9	(74)
Abortion
John Finnis
1 Abortion and Health Care Ethics	13	(8)
Michael Tooley
2 Abortion and Infanticide	21	(15)
Judith Jarvis Thomson
3 A Defense of Abortion	36	(10)
Don Marquis
4 Why Abortion is Immoral	46	(12)
R. M. Hare
5 Abortion and the Golden Rule	58	(13)
Mother-Fetus Conflict
Laura M. Purdy
6 Are Pregnant Women Fetal Containers?	71	(12)
Part II Issues in Reproduction	83	(70)
Assisted Reproduction
Jan Brennan
Len Brennan
7 Case Study: Becoming IVF Parents	87	(4)
Margaret Tighe
Nicholas Tonti-Filippini
Robyn Rowland
Peter Singer
8 IVF: A Debate	91	(12)
Laura M. Purdy
9 Surrogate Mothering: Exploitation or Empowerment?	103	(10)
Susan Dodds
Karen Jones
10 A Response to Purdy	113	(3)
Tony Hope
Gill Lockwood
Michael Lockwood
Jennifer Jackson
Susan Bewley
11 An Ethical Debate: Should Older Women Be Offered in vitro Fertilization?	116	(7)
Prenatal Screening, Sex Selection and Cloning
Laura M. Purdy
12 Genetics and Reproductive Risk: Can Having Children be Immoral?	123	(7)
Deborah Kaplan
13 Prenatal Screening and its Impact on Persons with Disabilities	130	(7)
Mary Anne Warren
14 Sex Selection: Individual Choice or Cultural Coercion?	137	(6)
John Harris
15 `Goodbye Dolly?' The Ethics of Human Cloning	143	(10)
Part III The New Genetics	153	(36)
Marc Lappe
16 Ethical Issues in Manipulating the Human Germ Line	155	(10)
John Harris
17 Is Gene Therapy a Form of Eugenics?	165	(6)
Nicholas Agar
18 Liberal Eugenics	171	(11)
Benno Muller-Hill
19 Lessons from a Dark and Distant Past	182	(7)
Part IV Life and Death Issues	189	(160)
Introduction
Jonathan Glover
20 The Sanctity of Life	193	(10)
21 Sacred Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith Declaration on Euthanasia	203	(8)
Killing and Letting Die
Germain Grisez
Joseph M. Boyle, Jr
22 The Morality of Killing: A Traditional View	211	(4)
Jonathan Bennett
23 `Whatever the Consequences'	215	(12)
James Rachels
24 Active and Passive Euthanasia	227	(4)
Winston Nesbitt
25 Is Killing No Worse Than Letting Die?	231	(5)
Helga Kuhse
26 Why Killing is Not Always Worse -- and Sometimes Better -- than Letting Die	236	(7)
Severely Disabled Newborns
Neil Campbell
27 When Care Cannot Cure: Medical Problems in Seriously Ill Babies	243	(12)
Helga Kushe
28 A Modern Myth: That Letting Die is not the Intentional Causation of Death	255	(14)
R. M. Hare
29 The Abnormal Child: Moral Dilemmas of Doctors and Parents	269	(4)
Paula Boddington
Tessa Podpadec
30 Measuring Quality of Life in Theory and in Practice	273	(10)
Alison Davis
31 Right to Life of Handicapped	283	(4)
Brain Death
32 Ad Hoc Committee of Harvard Medical School A Definition of Irreversible Coma	287	(5)
Peter Singer
33 Is the Sanctity of Life Ethic Terminally Ill?	292	(13)
Advance Directives
Ronald Dworkin
34 Life Past Reason	305	(7)
Rebecca Dresser
35 Dworkin on Dementia: Elegant Theory, Questionable Policy	312	(11)
Voluntary Euthanasia and Medically Assisted Suicide
Chris Hill
36 The Note	323	(4)
Daniel Callahan
37 When Self-Determination Runs Amok	327	(5)
Pieter Admiraal
38 Listening and Helping to Die: The Dutch Way	332	(7)
John Hardwig
39 Is There a Duty to Die?	339	(10)
Part V Resource Allocation	349	(32)
Paul T. Menzel
40 Rescuing Lives: Can't We Count?	351	(3)
Nicholas Rescher
41 The Allocation of Exotic Medical Lifesaving Therapy	354	(11)
John Harris
42 The Value of Life	365	(9)
A. B. Shaw
43 In Defence of Ageism	374	(7)
Part VI Organ Donation	381	(38)
Richard M. Titmuss
44 Why Give to Strangers?	383	(4)
Eike-Henner W. Kluge
45 Organ Donation and Retrieval: Whose Body is it Anyway?	387	(3)
James F. Blumstein
46 Legalizing Payment for Transplantable Cadaveric Organs	390	(9)
John Harris
47 The Survival Lottery	399	(5)
A. L. Caplan
48 Is Xenografting Morally Wrong?	404	(8)
Peter Singer
49 Xenotransplantation and Speciesism	412	(7)
Part VII Experimentation with Human Subjects	419	(38)
Henry K. Beecher
50 Ethics and Clinical Research	421	(8)
Benjamin Freedman
51 Equipoise and the Ethics of Clinical Research	429	(7)
Samuel Hellman
52 The Patient and the Public Good	436	(5)
Udo Schuklenk
Carlton Hogan
53 Patient Access to Experimental Drugs and AIDS Clinical Trial Designs: Ethical Issues	441	(8)
Torbjorn Tannsjo
54 The Morality of Clinical Research: A Case Study	449	(8)
Part VIII Experimentation with Animals	457	(24)
Immanuel Kant
55 Duties Towards Animals	459	(1)
Jeremy Bentham
56 A Utilitarian View	460	(1)
Peter Singer
57 All Animals are Equal	461	(10)
R. G. Frey
Sir William Paton
58 Vivisection, Morals and Medicine: An Exchange	471	(10)
Part IX Ethical Issues in the Practice of Health Care	481	(70)
Confidentiality
59 Tarasoff v. Regents of the University of California	485	(5)
Mark Siegler
60 Confidentiality in Medicine: A Decrepit Concept	490	(3)
Helga Kuhse
61 Confidentiality and the AMA's New Code of Ethics: An Imprudent Formulation?	493	(6)
Truth-telling
Immanuel Kant
62 On a Supposed Right to Lie from Altruistic Motives	499	(2)
Joseph Collins
63 Should Doctors Tell the Truth?	501	(6)
Roger Higgs
64 On Telling Patients the Truth	507	(8)
Informed Consent and Patient Autonomy
John Stuart Mill
65 On Liberty	515	(2)
Benjamin N. Cardozo
66 From Schloendorff v. New York Hospital	517	(1)
Robert L. Schwartz
67 Autonomy, Futility, and the Limits of Medicine	518	(5)
Robert M. Veatch
68 Abandoning Informed Consent	523	(10)
Julian Savulescu
69 Rational Desires and the Limitation of Life-Sustaining Treatment	533	(18)
Part X Special Issues Facing Nurses	551	(20)
Barbara Huttmann
70 One Nurse's Story: What I Had to Do for My Patient Mac	553	(2)
E. Joy Kroeger Mappes
71 Ethical Dilemmas for Nurses: Physicians' Orders versus Patients' Rights	555	(7)
Lisa H. Newton
72 In Defense of the Traditional Nurse	562	(9)
Part XI Ethicists and Ethics Committees	571	(20)
James Rachels
73 When Philosophers Shoot from the Hip	573	(3)
Jonathan D. Moreno
74 Ethics Consultation as Moral Engagement	576	(7)
Mark Siegler
75 Ethics Committees: Decisions by Bureaucracy	583	(4)
Dan W. Brock
76 Truth or Consequences: The Role of Philosophers in Policy-Making	587	(4)
Index	591