Burton's Microbiology for the Health Sciences

by Engelkirk, Paul G.; Burton, Gwendolyn R.W.

• ISBN13: 9780781771955
• ISBN10: 0781771951
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-11-05
• Publisher: LWW

Summary

This premier textbook gives students--with or without a background in the sciences--the foundation in microbiology they need to perform their duties as health care professionals. In an engaging style, the text covers all the core concepts outlined for an introductory course by the American Society of Microbiology. This edition has a new full-color art program and provides up-to-date coverage of microbe-associated medical problems, including "bird flu," SARS, West Nile virus, "mad cow disease," anthrax, and smallpox. A bound-in CD-ROM includes case studies, self-assessment exercises, terminology lists, plus "Insight" and "Microbiology--Hollywood Style" sections that provide clinical insights and fun facts.

Table of Contents

SECTION I INTRODUCTION TO MICROBIOLOGY
Microbiology---The Science	1	(14)
Introduction	1	(1)
What Is Microbiology?	1	(1)
Why Study Microbiology?	2	(5)
First Microorganisms on Earth	7	(1)
Earliest Known Infectious Diseases	7	(1)
Pioneers in the Science of Microbiology	7	(5)
Careers in Microbiology	12	(3)
Microscopy	15	(12)
Introduction	15	(1)
Using the Metric System to Express the Sizes of Microorganisms	15	(1)
Microscopes	16	(11)
SECTION II INTRODUCTION TO MICROORGANISMS
Cell Structure and Taxonomy	27	(62)
Introduction	27	(2)
Eucaryotic Cell Structure	29	(2)
Procaryotic Cell Structure	31	(7)
Recap of Structural Differences Between Procaryotic and Eucaryotic Cells	38	(1)
Reproduction of Organisms and Their Cells	38	(1)
Taxonomy	39	(1)
Determining Relatedness Among Organisms	40	(5)
Diversity of Microorganisms, Part 1
Acellular and Procaryotic Microbes	45	(28)
Introduction	45	(1)
Acellular Infectious Agents	46	(8)
The Domain Bacteria	54	(15)
The Domain Archaea	69	(4)
Diversity of Microorganisms, Part 2
Eucaryotic Microbes	73	(16)
Introduction	73	(1)
Algae	73	(3)
Protozoa	76	(3)
Fungi	79	(6)
Lichens	85	(1)
Slime Molds	85	(4)
SECTION III CHEMICAL AND GENETIC ASPECTS OF MICROORGANISMS
Biochemistry: The Chemistry of Life	89	(18)
Introduction	89	(1)
Organic Chemistry	90	(1)
Biochemistry	91	(16)
Microbial Physiology and Genetics	107	(18)
Microbial Physiology	107	(2)
Metabolic Enzymes	109	(2)
Metabolism	111	(5)
Bacterial Genetics	116	(4)
Genetic Engineering	120	(1)
Gene Therapy	121	(4)
SECTION IV CONTROLLING THE GROWTH OF MICROORGANISMS
Controlling Microbial Growth In Vitro	125	(20)
Introduction	126	(1)
Factors That Affect Microbial Growth	126	(3)
Encouraging the Growth of Microorganisms In Vitro	129	(6)
Inhibiting the Growth of Microorganisms In Vitro	135	(10)
Using Antimicrobial Agents to Control Microbial Growth In Vivo	145	(16)
Introduction	145	(2)
Ideal Qualities of an Antimicrobial Agent	147	(1)
How Antimicrobial Agents Work	147	(1)
Antibacterial Agents	148	(1)
Antifungal Agents	149	(1)
Antiprotozoal Agents	150	(1)
Antiviral Agents	150	(1)
Drug Resistance	150	(4)
What Clinicians and Patients Can Do To Help in the War Against Drug Resistance	154	(1)
Empiric Therapy	155	(1)
Undesirable Effects of Antimicrobial Agents	156	(1)
Concluding Remarks	157	(4)
SECTION V ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
Microbial Ecology	161	(14)
Introduction	161	(1)
Symbiotic Relationships Involving Microorganisms	162	(1)
Indigenous Microflora of Humans	163	(4)
Beneficial and Harmful Roles of Indigenous Microflora	167	(1)
Microbial Communities	168	(1)
Agricultural Microbiology	169	(2)
Biotechnology	171	(1)
Bioremediation	172	(3)
Epidemiology and Public Health	175	(22)
Epidemiology	175	(5)
Interactions Among Pathogens, Hosts, and the Environment	180	(1)
Chain of Infection	181	(1)
Reservoirs of Infection	181	(4)
Modes of Transmission	185	(2)
Public Health Agencies	187	(4)
Bioterrorism and Biological Warfare Agents	191	(2)
Water Supplies and Sewage Disposal	193	(4)
SECTION VI MICROBIOLOGY IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES
Healthcare Epidemiology: Nosocomial Infections and Infection Control	197	(22)
Introduction	197	(1)
Nosocomial Infections	198	(4)
Infection Control	202	(13)
Concluding Remarks	215	(4)
Diagnosing Infectious Diseases	219	(16)
Introduction	219	(1)
Clinical Specimens	220	(6)
The Pathology Department (``the Lab'')	226	(1)
The Clinical Microbiology Laboratory	227	(8)
SECTION VII PATHOGENICITY AND HOST DEFENSE MECHANISMS
Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases	235	(12)
Introduction	235	(1)
Infection Versus Infectious Disease	236	(1)
Why Infection Does Not Always Occur	236	(1)
Four Periods or Phases in the Course of an Infectious Disease	236	(1)
Localized Versus Systemic Infections	237	(1)
Acute, Subacute, and Chronic Diseases	237	(1)
Symptoms of a Disease Versus Signs of a Diseases	237	(1)
Latent Infections	237	(1)
Primary Versus Secondary Infections	238	(1)
Steps in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Diseases	238	(1)
Virulence	238	(1)
Virulence Factors (Attributes That Enable Pathogens to Attach, Escape Destruction, and Cause Disease)	239	(8)
Nonspecific Host Defense Mechanisms	247	(16)
Introduction	247	(1)
Nonspecific Host Defense Mechanisms	248	(1)
First Line of Defense	249	(1)
Second Line of Defense	250	(13)
Specific Host Defense Mechanisms: An Introduction to Immunology	263	(26)
Introduction	264	(1)
Immunity	265	(5)
Humoral Immunity	270	(6)
Cell-Mediated Immunity	276	(1)
Hypersensitivity and Hypersensitivity Reactions	277	(4)
Immunosuppression	281	(1)
The Immunology Laboratory	282	(7)
SECTION VIII INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Major Viral, Bacterial, and Fungal Diseases of Humans	289	(48)
Introduction	290	(1)
Infectious Diseases of the Skin	290	(6)
Infectious Diseases of the Ears	296	(2)
Infectious Diseases of the Eyes	298	(2)
Infectious Diseases of the Respiratory System	300	(1)
Infectious Diseases of the Oral Region	301	(10)
Infectious Diseases of the Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract	311	(6)
Infectious Diseases of the Genitourinary (GU) System	317	(2)
Infectious Diseases of the Circulatory System	319	(6)
Infectious Diseases of the Central Nervous System (CNS)	325	(6)
Appropriate Therapy for Viral, Bacterial, and Fungal Infections	331	(6)
Major Parasitic Diseases of Humans: An Introduction to Medical Parasitology	337	(14)
Introduction	337	(1)
Parasitic Protozoa	338	(1)
Protozoal Infections of Humans	338	(3)
Helminths	341	(5)
Helminth Infections of Humans	346	(1)
Appropriate Therapy for Parasitic Diseases	346	(1)
Arthropods	346	(5)
Appendix A Answers to Self-Assessment Exercises	351	(2)
Appendix B Compendium of Important Bacterial Pathogens of Humans	353	(4)
Appendix C Useful Conversions	357	(2)
Additional Resources	359	(2)
Glossary	361	(22)
Index	383