C# How to Program

by Deitel, Harvey M.; Deitel, Paul J.; Listfield, Jeffrey A.; Nieto, Tem R.; Yaeger, Cheryl H.; Zlatkina, Marina

• ISBN13: 9780130622211
• ISBN10: 0130622214
• Edition: CD
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2002-01-01
• Publisher: Prentice Hall

Summary

For courses on C# programming found in departments of Computer Science, CIS, MIS, IT, Business, Engineering and Continuing Education. An exciting addition to the How to Program series, C# How to Program provides a comprehensive introduction to Microsoft's new object-oriented language. C# builds on the skills already mastered by countless C++ and Java programmers, enabling them to create powerful Web applications and components-ranging from XML-based Web services on Microsoft's .NET platform to middle-tier business objects and system-level applications. C# How to Program gives students the strong foundation in introductory and intermediate programming principles they'll need in industry. Mastering C# will allow them to create complex systems-using fewer lines of code and reducing the chance for error. The end result is faster development at a decreased cost-and optimum adaptability that makes it easy to keep up with the evolving Web.

Table of Contents

Contents	vii
Illustrations	xix
Preface	xxxviii
Introduction to Computers, the Internet, the Web and C#	1	(32)
Introduction	2	(1)
What Is a Computer?	3	(1)
Computer Organization	3	(1)
Evolution of Operating Systems	4	(1)
Personal Computing, Distributed Computing and Client/Server Computing	5	(1)
Machine Languages, Assembly Languages and High-level Languages	6	(1)
C, C++, Visual Basic. NET and Java™	7	(2)
C#	9	(1)
Other High-Level Languages	10	(1)
Structured Programming	10	(1)
Key Software Trend: Object Technology	11	(2)
Hardware Trends	13	(1)
History of the Internet and World Wide Web	13	(2)
World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)	15	(1)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)	15	(1)
Introduction to Microsoft .NET	16	(2)
.NET Framework and the Common Language Runtime	18	(2)
Tour of the Book	20	(9)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	29	(4)
Introduction to the Visual Studio .NET IDE	33	(26)
Introduction	34	(1)
Visual Studio .NET Integrated Development Environment (IDE) Overview	34	(3)
Menu Bar and Toolbar	37	(2)
Visual Studio .NET Windows	39	(3)
Solution Explorer	39	(1)
Toolbox	40	(2)
Properties Window	42	(1)
Using Help	42	(2)
Simple Program: Displaying Text and an Image	44	(15)
Introduction to C# Programming	59	(35)
Introduction	60	(1)
Simple Program: Printing a Line of Text	60	(11)
Another Simple Program: Adding Integers	71	(4)
Memory Concepts	75	(1)
Arithmetic	76	(4)
Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators	80	(14)
Control Structures: Part 1	94	(45)
Introduction	95	(1)
Algorithms	95	(1)
Pseudocode	96	(1)
Control Structures	96	(3)
if Selection Structure	99	(1)
if/else Selection Structure	100	(5)
while Repetition Structure	105	(1)
Formulating Algorithms: Case Study 1 (Counter-Controlled Repetition)	106	(3)
Formulating Algorithms with Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement: Case Study 2 (Sentinel-Controlled Repetition)	109	(7)
Formulating Algorithms with Top-Down, Stepwise Refinement: Case Study 3 (Nested Control Structures)	116	(4)
Assignment Operators	120	(1)
Increment and Decrement Operators	121	(3)
Introduction to Windows Application Programming	124	(15)
Control Structures: Part 2	139	(39)
Introduction	140	(1)
Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition	140	(2)
for Repetition Structure	142	(4)
Examples Using the for Structure	146	(6)
switch Multiple-Selection Structure	152	(4)
do/while Repetition Structure	156	(2)
Statements break and continue	158	(2)
Logical and Conditional Operators	160	(6)
Structured-Programming Summary	166	(12)
Methods	178	(58)
Introduction	179	(1)
Program Modules in C#	179	(2)
Math Class Methods	181	(1)
Methods	181	(2)
Method Definitions	183	(10)
Argument Promotion	193	(2)
C# Namespaces	195	(1)
Value Types and Reference Types	196	(1)
Passing Arguments: Pass-by-Value vs. Pass-by-Reference	197	(3)
Random-Number Generation	200	(7)
Example: Game of Chance	207	(5)
Duration of Variables	212	(1)
Scope Rules	212	(3)
Recursion	215	(4)
Example Using Recursion: The Fibonacci Series	219	(3)
Recursion vs. Iteration	222	(1)
Method Overloading	223	(13)
Arrays	236	(44)
Introduction	237	(1)
Arrays	237	(2)
Declaring and Allocating Arrays	239	(1)
Examples Using Arrays	240	(10)
Allocating an Array and Initializing Its Elements	240	(2)
Totaling the Elements of an Array	242	(1)
Using Histograms to Display Array Data Graphically	243	(1)
Using the Elements of an Array as Counters	244	(3)
Using Arrays to Analyze Survey Results	247	(3)
Passing Arrays to Methods	250	(3)
Passing Arrays by Value and by Reference	253	(4)
Sorting Arrays	257	(3)
Searching Arrays: Linear Search and Binary Search	260	(5)
Searching an Array with Linear Search	260	(1)
Searching a Sorted Array with Binary Search	261	(4)
Multiple-Subscripted Arrays	265	(7)
foreach Repetition Structure	272	(8)
Object-Based Programming	280	(62)
Introduction	281	(1)
Implementing a Time Abstract Data Type with a Class	282	(8)
Class Scope	290	(1)
Controlling Access to Members	290	(2)
Initializing Class Objects: Constructors	292	(1)
Using Overloaded Constructors	293	(4)
Properties	297	(9)
Composition: Objects References as Instance Variables of Other Classes	306	(3)
Using the this Reference	309	(2)
Garbage Collection	311	(1)
static Class Members	312	(5)
const and readonly Members	317	(2)
Indexers	319	(7)
Data Abstraction and Information Hiding	326	(1)
Software Reusability	327	(1)
Namespaces and Assemblies	328	(5)
Class View and Object Browser	333	(9)
Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance	342	(40)
Introduction	343	(1)
Base Classes and Derived Classes	344	(3)
protected and internal Members	347	(1)
Relationship between Base Classes and Derived Classes	347	(21)
Case Study: Three-Level Inheritance Hierarchy	368	(3)
Constructors and Destructors in Derived Classes	371	(6)
Software Engineering with Inheritance	377	(5)
Object-Oriented Programming: Polymorphism	382	(56)
Introduction	383	(1)
Derived-Class-Object to Base-Class-Object Conversion	383	(7)
Type Fields and switch Statements	390	(1)
Polymorphism Examples	391	(1)
Abstract Classes and Methods	392	(2)
Case Study: Inheriting Interface and Implementation	394	(8)
sealed Classes and Methods	402	(1)
Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism	403	(10)
Case Study: Creating and Using Interfaces	413	(12)
Delegates	425	(5)
Operator Overloading	430	(8)
Exception Handling	438	(36)
Introduction	439	(1)
Exception Handling Overview	440	(3)
Example: DivideByZeroException	443	(5)
.NET Exception Hierarchy	448	(1)
finally Block	449	(8)
Exception Properties	457	(5)
Programmer-Defined Exception Classes	462	(4)
Handling Overflows with Operators checked and unchecked	466	(8)
Graphical User Interface Concepts: Part 1	474	(46)
Introduction	475	(1)
Windows Forms	476	(3)
Event-Handling Model	479	(5)
Basic Event Handling	480	(4)
Control Properties and Layout	484	(4)
Labels, TextBoxes and Buttons	488	(7)
GroupBoxes and Panels	495	(3)
CheckBoxes and RadioButtons	498	(9)
PictureBoxes	507	(2)
Mouse Event Handling	509	(2)
Keyboard Event Handling	511	(9)
Graphical User Interface Concepts: Part 2	520	(70)
Introduction	521	(1)
Menus	521	(9)
LinkLabels	530	(4)
ListBoxes and CheckedListBoxes	534	(8)
ListBoxes	537	(2)
CheckedListBoxes	539	(3)
ComboBoxes	542	(5)
TreeViews	547	(6)
ListViews	553	(7)
Tab Control	560	(5)
Multiple-Document-Interface (MDI) Windows	565	(9)
Visual Inheritance	574	(4)
User-Defined Controls	578	(12)
Multithreading	590	(42)
Introduction	591	(1)
Thread States: Life Cycle of a Thread	592	(2)
Thread Priorities and Thread Scheduling	594	(5)
Thread Synchronization and Class Monitor	599	(2)
Producer/Consumer Relationship without Thread Synchronization	601	(6)
Producer/Consumer Relationship with Thread Synchronization	607	(9)
Producer/Consumer Relationship: Circular Buffer	616	(16)
Strings, Characters and Regular Expressions	632	(52)
Introduction	633	(1)
Fundamentals of Characters and Strings	633	(2)
String Constructors	635	(1)
String Indexer, Length Property and CopyTo Method	636	(2)
Comparing Strings	638	(4)
String Method GetHashCode	642	(1)
Locating Characters and Substrings in Strings	643	(3)
Extracting Substrings from Strings	646	(1)
Concatenating Strings	647	(1)
Miscellaneous String Methods	648	(2)
Class StringBuilder	650	(2)
StringBuilder Indexer, Length and Capacity Properties, and EnsureCapacity Method	652	(2)
StringBuilder Append and AppendFormat Methods	654	(4)
StringBuilder Insert, Remove and Replace Methods	658	(3)
Char Methods	661	(3)
Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation	664	(4)
Regular Expressions and Class Regex	668	(16)
Graphics and Multimedia	684	(72)
Introduction	685	(2)
Graphics Contexts and Graphics Objects	687	(1)
Color Control	688	(8)
Font Control	696	(5)
Drawing Lines, Rectangles and Ovals	701	(3)
Drawing Arcs	704	(3)
Drawing Polygons and Polylines	707	(4)
Advanced Graphics Capabilities	711	(6)
Introduction to Multimedia	717	(1)
Loading, Displaying and Scalling Images	718	(2)
Animating a Series of Images	720	(13)
Windows Media Player	733	(3)
Microsoft Agent	736	(20)
Files and Streams	756	(82)
Introduction	757	(1)
Data Hierarchy	757	(2)
Files and Streams	759	(2)
Classes File and Directory	761	(10)
Creating a Sequential-Access File	771	(12)
Reading Data from a Sequential-Access File	783	(11)
Random-Access Files	794	(4)
Creating a Random-Access File	798	(4)
Writing Data Randomly to a Random-Access File	802	(5)
Reading Data Sequentially from a Random-Access File	807	(5)
Case Study: A Transaction-Processing Program	812	(26)
Extensible Markup Language (XML)	838	(57)
Introduction	839	(1)
XML Documents	839	(5)
XML Namespaces	844	(3)
Document Object Model (DOM)	847	(18)
Document Type Definitions (DTDs), Schemas and Validation	865	(12)
Document Type Definitions	866	(3)
Microsoft XML Schemas	869	(3)
W3C XML Schema	872	(1)
Schema Validation in C#	873	(4)
Extensible Stylesheet Language and XslTransform	877	(7)
Microsoft BizTalk™	884	(3)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	887	(8)
Database, SQL and ADO .NET	895	(53)
Introduction	896	(1)
Relational Database Model	897	(1)
Relational Database Overview: Books Database	898	(7)
Structured Query Language (SQL)	905	(15)
Basic SELECT Query	905	(1)
WHERE Clause	906	(3)
ORDER By Clause	909	(3)
Merging Data from Multiple Tables: INNER JOIN	912	(2)
Joining Data from Tables Authors, AuthorISBN, Titles and Publishers	914	(3)
INSERT Statement	917	(1)
UPDATE Statement	918	(1)
DELETE Statement	919	(1)
ADO .NET Object Model	920	(1)
Programming with ADO .NET: Extracting Information from a DBMS	921	(9)
Connecting to and Querying an Access Data Source	921	(7)
Querying the Books Database	928	(2)
Programming with ADO .NET: Modifying a DBMS	930	(8)
Reading and Writing XML Files	938	(10)
ASP .NET, Web Forms and Web Controls	948	(91)
Introduction	949	(1)
Simple HTTP Transaction	950	(2)
System Architecture	952	(1)
Creating and Running a Simple Web Form Example	953	(13)
Web Controls	966	(21)
Text and Graphics Controls	967	(4)
AdRotator Control	971	(5)
Validation Controls	976	(11)
Session Tracking	987	(19)
Cookies	988	(9)
Session Tracking with HttpSessionState	997	(9)
Case Study: Online Guest Book	1006	(7)
Case Study: Connecting to a Database in ASP .NET	1013	(14)
Tracing	1027	(3)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1030	(9)
ASP .NET and Web Services	1039	(67)
Introduction	1040	(1)
Web Services	1041	(3)
Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Web Services	1044	(2)
Publishing and Consuming Web Services	1046	(16)
Session Tracking in Web Services	1062	(13)
Using Web Forms and Web Services	1075	(6)
Case Study: Temperature Information Application	1081	(10)
User-Defined Types in Web Services	1091	(15)
Networking: Streams-Based Sockets and Datagrams	1106	(39)
Introduction	1107	(1)
Establishing a Simple Server (Using Stream Sockets)	1108	(2)
Establishing a Simple Client (Using Stream Sockets)	1110	(1)
Client/Server Interaction with Stream-Socket Connections	1111	(9)
Connectionless Client/Server Interaction with Datagrams	1120	(5)
Client/Server Tic-Tac-Toe Using a Multithreaded Server	1125	(20)
Data Structures and Collections	1145	(67)
Introduction	1146	(1)
Self-Referential Classes	1146	(2)
Linked Lists	1148	(12)
Stacks	1160	(5)
Queues	1165	(3)
Trees	1168	(17)
Binary Search Tree of Integer Values	1170	(7)
Binary Search Tree of IComparable Objects	1177	(8)
Collection Classes	1185	(27)
Class Array	1185	(3)
Class ArrayList	1188	(6)
Class Stack	1194	(4)
Class Hashtable	1198	(14)
Accessibility	1212	(61)
Introduction	1213	(1)
Regulations and Resources	1214	(2)
Web Accessibility Initiative	1216	(1)
Providing Alternatives for Images	1216	(2)
Maximizing Readability by Focusing on Structure	1218	(1)
Accessibility in Visual Studio .NET	1218	(6)
Enlarging Toolbar Icons	1219	(1)
Enlarging the Text	1220	(1)
Modifying the Toolbox	1221	(1)
Modifying the Keyboard	1221	(1)
Rearranging Windows	1222	(2)
Accessibility in C#	1224	(6)
Accessibility in XHTML Tables	1230	(4)
Accessibility in XHTML Frames	1234	(1)
Accessibility in XML	1235	(1)
Using Voice Synthesis and Recognition with VoiceXML™	1235	(8)
CallXML™	1243	(5)
JAWS® for Windows	1248	(1)
Other Accessibility Tools	1249	(2)
Accessibility in Microsoft® Windows® 2000	1251	(13)
Tools for People with Visual Impairments	1252	(2)
Tools for People with Hearing Impairments	1254	(1)
Tools for Users Who Have Difficulty Using the Keyboard	1255	(3)
Microsoft Narrator	1258	(3)
Microsoft On-Screen Keyboard	1261	(1)
Accessibility Features in Microsoft Internet Explorer 5.5	1262	(2)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1264	(9)
A Operator Precedence Chart	1273	(2)
B Number Systems (on CD)	1275	(14)
Introduction	1276	(3)
Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octal Numbers and Hexadecimal Numbers	1279	(2)
Converting Octal Numbers and Hexadecimal Numbers to Binary Numbers	1281	(1)
Converting from Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal to Decimal	1281	(1)
Converting from Decimal to Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal	1282	(1)
Negative Binary Numbers: Two's Complement Notation	1283	(6)
C Career Opportunities (on CD)	1289	(22)
Introduction	1290	(1)
Resources for the Job Seeker	1291	(1)
Online Opportunities for Employers	1292	(5)
Recruiting Services	1297	(1)
Career Sites	1298	(5)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1303	(8)
D Visual Studio .NET Debugger	1311	(18)
Introduction	1312	(1)
Breakpoints	1313	(2)
Examining Data	1315	(3)
Program Control	1318	(4)
Additional Method Debugging Capabilities	1322	(2)
Additional Class Debugging Capabilities	1324	(5)
E Generating Documentation in Visual Studio (on CD)	1329	(19)
Introduction	1330	(1)
Documentation Comments	1330	(1)
Documenting C# Source Code	1331	(8)
Creating Comment Web Pages	1339	(2)
Creating XML Documentation Files	1341	(7)
F ASCII Character Set	1348	(1)
G Unicode® (on CD)	1349	(13)
Introduction	1350	(1)
Unicode Transformation Formats	1351	(1)
Characters and Glyphs	1352	(1)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Unicode	1353	(1)
Unicode Consortium's Web Site	1353	(2)
Using Unicode	1355	(2)
Character Ranges	1357	(5)
H COM Integration (on CD)	1362	(12)
Introduction	1362	(2)
Active X Integration	1364	(3)
DLL Integration	1367	(4)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1371	(3)
I Introduction to HyperText Markup Language 4: Part 1 (on CD)	1374	(23)
Introduction	1375	(1)
Markup Languages	1375	(1)
Editing HTML	1376	(1)
Common Elements	1376	(3)
Headers	1379	(1)
Linking	1380	(2)
Images	1382	(4)
Special Characters and More Line Breaks	1386	(2)
Unordered Lists	1388	(1)
Nested and Ordered Lists	1389	(3)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1392	(5)
J Introduction to HyperText Markup Language 4: Part 2 (on CD)	1397	(33)
Introduction	1398	(1)
Basic HTML Tables	1398	(2)
Intermediate HTML Tables and Formatting	1400	(3)
Basic HTML Forms	1403	(3)
More Complex HTML Forms	1406	(7)
Internal Linking	1413	(3)
Creating and Using Image Maps	1416	(2)
<meta> Tags	1418	(2)
frameset Element	1420	(2)
Nested framesets	1422	(2)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1424	(6)
K Introduction to XHTML: Part 1 (on CD)	1430	(26)
Introduction	1431	(1)
Editing XHTML	1431	(1)
First XHTML Example	1432	(3)
W3C XHTML Validation Service	1435	(1)
Headers	1436	(2)
Linking	1438	(3)
Images	1441	(4)
Special Characters and More Line Breaks	1445	(2)
Unordered Lists	1447	(1)
Nested and Ordered Lists	1448	(3)
Internet and World Wide Web Resources	1451	(5)
L Introduction to XHTML: Part 2 (on CD)	1456	(35)
Introduction	1457	(1)
Basic XHTML Tables	1457	(3)
Intermediate XHTML Tables and Formatting	1460	(2)
Basic XTML Forms	1462	(3)
More Complex XHTML Forms	1465	(8)
Internal Linking	1473	(3)
Creating and Using Image Maps	1476	(2)
meta Elements	1478	(1)
frameset Element	1479	(4)
Nested framesets	1483	(8)
Internet and World Wide W
M HTML/XHTML Special Characters	1491	(1)
N HTML/XHTML Colors	1492	(3)
O Bit Manipulation (on CD)	1495	(18)
Introduction	1496	(1)
Bit Manipulation and the Bitwise Operators	1496	(12)
Class BitArray	1508	(5)
P Crystal Reports® for Visual Studio .NET	1513	(5)
Introduction	1513	(1)
Crystal Reports Web Site Resources	1513	(1)
Crystal Reports and Visual Studio .NET	1514	(4)
Bibliography	1518	(4)
Index	1522

Excerpts

Live in fragments no longer. Only connect. Edward Morgan Forster We wove a web in childhood, A web of sunny air. Charlotte Bronte Welcome to C# and the world of Windows, Internet and World-Wide-Web programming with Visual Studio and the .NET platform! This book is the second in our new.NET How to Programseries, which presents various leading-edge computing technologies in the context of the .NET platform. C# is the next phase in the evolution of C and C++ and was developed expressly for Microsoft's .NET platform. C# provides the features that are most important to programmers, such as object-oriented programming, strings, graphics, graphical-user-interface (GUI) components, exception handling, multithreading, multimedia (audio, images, animation and video), file processing, prepackaged data structures, database processing, Internet and World-Wide-Web-based client/server networking and distributed computing. The language is appropriate for implementing Internet- and World-Wide-Web-based applications that seamlessly integrate with PC-based applications. The .NET platform offers powerful capabilities for software development and deployment, including independence from a specific language or platform. Rather than requiring developers to learn a new programming language, programmers can contribute to the same software project, but write code using any (or several) of the .NET languages (such as Visual Basic .NET, Visual C++ .NET, C# and others) with which they are most competent. In addition to providing language independence, .NET extends program portability by enabling .NET applications to reside on, and communicate across, multiple platforms--thus facilitating the delivery of Web services over the Internet. .NET enables Web-based applications to be distributed to consumer-electronic devices, such as cell phones and personal digital assistants, as well as to desktop computers. The capabilities that Microsoft has incorporated into the .NET platform create a new software-development paradigm that will increase programmer productivity and decrease development time. New Features inC# How to Program This edition contains many new features and enhancements, including: Two-Color Presentation.This book is in two color. Two color enables readers to see sample outputs similar to how they would appear on a color monitor. Also, we syntax color the C# code similar to the way Visual Studio .NET colors the code in its editor window. Our syntax-coloring conventions are as follows: - comments - keywords - literal values - text, class, method and variable names "Code Washing."This is our term for the process we use to format the programs in the book so that they have a carefully commented, open layout. The code appears in full color and grouped into small, well-documented pieces. This greatly improves code readability--an especially important goal for us, considering that this book contains approximately 23,500 lines of code. Web Services and ASP.NET.Microsoft's .NET strategy embraces the Internet and Web as integral to the software development and deployment processes. Web services--a key technology in this strategy--enables information sharing, commerce and other interactions using standard Internet protocols and technologies, such as Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) and Extensible Markup Language (XML). Web services enable programmers to package application functionality in a form that turns the Web into a library of reusable software components. In Chapter 21, ASP .NET and Web Services, we present a Web service that allows users to make airline seat reservations. In this example, a user accesses a Web page, chooses a seating option and submits the page to the Web server. The page then calls a Web service tha