Characteristics Of And Strategies For Teaching Students With Mild Disabilities

by Henley, Martin R.; Ramsey, Roberta S.; Algozzine, Robert F.

• ISBN13: 9780205457649
• ISBN10: 0205457649
• Edition: 5th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

Key Benefits: Describes the characteristics of students with mild disabilities, and clearly explains the best teaching practices for inclusive education. Key Topics: Characteristics of students with mild disabilities, and the best teaching practices for inclusive education, behavior management, and social skill instructions. Key Market: Students of special education or special educators currently teaching who desire to better recognize the characteristics of students with mild disabilities and to learn the best teaching practices for inclusive education.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
PART ONE Characteristics of Students with Mild Disabilities
Foundations of Special Education for Students with Mild Disabilities	1	(43)
Vignette: Jake, Mary, Felipe	3	(1)
The Roots of Special Education	4	(3)
Diversity	7	(2)
Handicappism	9	(3)
Litigation and Legislation	10	(2)
Federal Laws	12	(10)
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act	12	(9)
No Child Left Behind Act	21	(1)
Who Receives Special Education?	22	(6)
Physical Reasons for Needing Special Education	22	(1)
Cognitive Reasons for Needing Special Education	23	(2)
Academic Reasons for Needing Special Education	25	(1)
Communication Reasons for Needing Special Education	26	(1)
Behavioral-Emotional Reasons for Needing Special Education	27	(1)
How Many Students Receive Special Education?	28	(2)
Students with Mild Disabilities	30	(2)
Labeling	32	(3)
Advantages of Labeling	32	(2)
Disadvantages of Labeling	34	(1)
Focus on What to Teach Students	35	(1)
Individual Education Program	35	(1)
Focus on Where to Teach Students	36	(4)
General Education Classroom Placement	38	(1)
Resource Room Placement	38	(1)
Special Class Placement	38	(1)
Special Day School Placement	38	(1)
Homebound Programs	39	(1)
Other Domiciled Settings	39	(1)
Residential Programs	40	(1)
Focus on How to Teach Students with Mild Disabilities	40	(2)
Comparing General and Special Education	41	(1)
Summary	42	(1)
Activities	42	(2)
Overview of Students with Mild Disabilities	44	(37)
Vignettes: Tale of Three Students	46	(1)
Cross-Categorical Characteristics of Students	47	(7)
Generalities about Mild Learning Disorders	49	(5)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder	54	(2)
Pervasive Developmental Disorder	56	(1)
Educational Strategies for Pervasive Developmental Disorders	57	(1)
Asperger's Syndrome	57	(2)
Nonverbal Learning Disorder	59	(1)
Causes of Mild Disabilities	60	(9)
Organic Causes	62	(2)
Environmental Causes	64	(5)
Populations at Risk	69	(3)
Infants, Toddlers, Preschoolers	69	(1)
At-Risk School-Aged Youth	69	(1)
School Dropouts	70	(2)
Problems with Learning	72	(6)
Identification of Learning Problems	72	(1)
Prereferral Intervention	73	(3)
Referral to Special Education	76	(1)
Multidisciplinary Evaluation and Eligibility	76	(2)
Summary	78	(1)
Activities	79	(2)
Students with Mild Mental Retardation	81	(44)
Vignette: Larry	83	(1)
Intelligence	83	(4)
Alfred Binet	84	(1)
Intelligence Tests	85	(2)
Definition and Identification	87	(5)
The Six-Hour Retarded Child	89	(1)
Types of Mental Retardation	89	(2)
Prevalence	91	(1)
Causes of Mental Retardation	92	(6)
Organic Causes	92	(2)
Environmental Causes	94	(4)
Disproportionate Representation of Minorities	98	(1)
Characteristics	99	(16)
Cognitive	100	(1)
Multiple Intelligences	101	(3)
Mental Processing	104	(3)
Academics	107	(1)
Communication	108	(3)
Perception/Motor	111	(2)
Social/Adaptive	113	(2)
Teaching Strategies	115	(7)
Instructions	115	(2)
Thinking Skills	117	(1)
Reading	118	(1)
Functional Skills	119	(2)
Adaptive Behavior	121	(1)
Daily Living and Work Skills	122	(1)
Summary	122	(2)
Activities	124	(1)
Students with Behavioral/Emotional Disorders	125	(49)
Vignette: Fred Peterson	127	(2)
Foundations of Behavior Disorders	129	(2)
Historical Perspective	130	(1)
Definition and Identification	131	(3)
Issues and Concerns	133	(1)
Levels of Emotional/Behavioral Disorders	134	(1)
Prevalence of Emotional/Behavioral Disorders	134	(4)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder	138	(7)
Educational Strategies for ADHD	144	(1)
Causes of Behavior Disorders	145	(7)
Biophysical Causes	146	(2)
Psychodynamic Causes	148	(1)
Psychoeducational Causes	149	(1)
Behavioral Causes	150	(2)
Disturbed or Disturbing?	152	(2)
The Ecological Model	154	(3)
Characteristics	157	(7)
Cognitive	158	(2)
Academic	160	(1)
Communication	161	(1)
Social--Adaptive	162	(2)
Positive Behavior Support	164	(7)
Discipline	166	(2)
Improving Emotional Problems	168	(1)
Improving Social Problems	168	(1)
Integration of Treatment Approaches	168	(1)
Cultural Diversity	168	(3)
Summary	171	(1)
Activities	172	(2)
Students with Specific Learning Disabilities	174	(41)
Vignette: David	176	(1)
Foundations of Learning Disabilities	177	(10)
Reification	179	(1)
Early Research on Learning Disabilities	180	(2)
Brain Research	182	(4)
Causes of Learning Disabilities	186	(1)
Definition and Identification	187	(4)
Major Concepts and Key Phrases	187	(3)
Achievement	190	(1)
The Discrepancy Problem	190	(1)
Prevalence of Learning Disabilities	191	(1)
Characteristics	192	(9)
Cognitive	193	(1)
Mental Processing	194	(1)
Academics	195	(2)
Communication	197	(1)
Perceptual-Motor	198	(1)
Social/Adaptive	199	(2)
Strategies for Teaching Students with Learning Disabilities	201	(7)
Medical Model	202	(1)
Psychological Process Model	202	(2)
Behavioral Model	204	(1)
Cognitive Model	205	(2)
Metacognition	207	(1)
Young Adults	208	(4)
Characteristics	209	(1)
Alternative Strategies	210	(2)
Looking to the Future	212	(1)
Summary	212	(1)
Activities	213	(2)
PART TWO Teaching Students with Mild Disabilities
The Inclusive Classroom	215	(32)
Vignette: Marsha	217	(3)
Least Restrictive Environment	220	(2)
Mainstreaming	222	(1)
Inclusion	223	(5)
Court Cases	225	(1)
Organizing Inclusion Programs	226	(2)
Collaboration	228	(2)
Characteristics of Collaboration	229	(1)
Inclusion Models	230	(7)
Consulting Teacher	231	(1)
Co-Teacher Model	232	(2)
The Co-Teaching Plan	234	(1)
Tips to Remember about Co-Teaching	235	(1)
A Co-Teaching Model	235	(2)
Collaborative Learning	237	(4)
Peer Tutoring	237	(2)
Cooperative Learning	239	(2)
Working Together	241	(3)
Teacher Expectations	241	(1)
Classroom Organization	242	(1)
Standardized Tests	243	(1)
Summary	244	(1)
Activities	245	(2)
Learning and Teaching	247	(33)
Vignette	249	(1)
The Purpose of School	249	(3)
Student Perceptions of School	250	(1)
Child and Adolescent Development	251	(1)
Student Learning Styles	252	(3)
Four Learning Styles	253	(1)
Multiple Intelligence	254	(1)
Instructional Models	255	(21)
Direct Instruction	255	(2)
Multisensory Instruction	257	(1)
Task Analysis	258	(1)
Precision Teaching	258	(5)
Learning Strategies	263	(3)
Student-Centered Learning	266	(2)
Brain-Compatible Instruction	268	(1)
Emotions and Learning	269	(2)
Differentiated Instruction	271	(1)
Instructional Scaffolds	272	(1)
Technology	273	(1)
Functional Curriculum	274	(2)
Comprehensive Teaching	276	(2)
Summary	278	(1)
Activities	279	(1)
Instructional Modifications	280	(34)
Vignette: Shirley Allen	282	(1)
Instructing Students with Mild Disabilities	283	(1)
Time Management	284	(2)
Academic Learning Time	285	(1)
Selecting Instructional Materials	286	(4)
Modification of Materials	287	(1)
Reading	287	(3)
Tests	290	(5)
Rubrics	291	(1)
Accommodations	292	(2)
Grades	294	(1)
Communication	295	(5)
Attention	295	(1)
Clarity	295	(1)
Questions	296	(1)
Graphic Organizers	297	(3)
Student Performance	300	(6)
Self-Esteem	300	(1)
Study Skills	301	(2)
Organization	303	(3)
Individualized Education Program	306	(5)
Transition Plan	306	(1)
Curriculum-Based Assessment	307	(4)
The Educator's Tool Kit	311	(1)
Summary	312	(1)
Activities	313	(1)
Classroom Management	314	(32)
Vignette: Mr. Mellon	316	(1)
Discipline---An Overview	317	(1)
Proactive Discipline	318	(1)
Reflection	319	(1)
Authoritarian Discipline	319	(5)
Teacher Values	320	(1)
Teacher Needs	321	(1)
Know Your Students	322	(1)
Classroom Organization	323	(1)
Positive Behavioral Support	324	(3)
Functional Behavioral Assessment	325	(2)
Managing Student Behavior	327	(8)
Behavior Modification	327	(4)
Nonverbal and Verbal Techniques	331	(2)
Verbal Interventions	333	(2)
Conflict Situations	335	(7)
Life Space Crisis Intervention	336	(3)
Discipline and IDEA	339	(2)
Punishment	341	(1)
Putting Theory into Practice	342	(2)
Summary	344	(1)
Activities	344	(2)
Teaching Social Skills	346	(28)
Vignette: Debbie	347	(1)
Emotional Intelligence	348	(2)
Teaching Social Skills	350	(5)
Selecting a Social Skills Curriculum	352	(3)
A Sample Social Skills Curriculum	355	(8)
Impulse Control	357	(1)
Assessment of Social Reality	358	(1)
Manage Group Pressure	359	(1)
Stress Management	360	(1)
Solve Social Problems	361	(2)
Character Education	363	(4)
Values Clarification	365	(1)
Goals of Character Education	366	(1)
Moral Development	367	(2)
A Functional Model for Problem Behaviors	369	(3)
Summary	372	(1)
Activities	372	(2)
Building Family Partnerships	374	(31)
Vignette: Eileen	376	(1)
America's Children	377	(2)
Parents and Teachers: Valuable Partners	379	(1)
Benefits of Parent-Teacher Cooperation	380	(3)
Understanding Families	383	(4)
Parent Feelings	383	(1)
The Family Unit	384	(3)
Support for Families	387	(5)
Emotional Support	388	(1)
Information	388	(4)
Teacher-Parent Communication	392	(6)
Conferences	393	(2)
Telephone Communication	395	(2)
Written Communication	397	(1)
Technology	398	(1)
The Individual Education Program Meeting	398	(3)
Summary	401	(1)
Activities	402	(3)
Appendix A: A Chronology	405	(24)
Appendix B: Commonly Used Psychoactive Medications	429	(4)
Appendix C: Tests	433	(7)
Appendix D: Sample Individualized Education Plan (IEP)	440	(2)
References	442	(23)
Index	465