Chemistry: The Central Science

by Brown, Theodore E.; LeMay, H. Eugene; Bursten, Bruce E.; Burdge, Julia R.

• ISBN13: 9780130669971
• ISBN10: 0130669970
• Edition: 9th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2003-01-01
• Publisher: PRENTICE HALL

Summary

The acknowledged leader and standard in general chemistry, this book maintains its effective and proven featuresclarity of writing, scientific integrity, currency, strong exercises, visual emphasis and consistency in presentation. It offers readers an integrated educational solution to the challenges of the learning with an expanded media program that works in concert with the book, helping them to approach problem solving, visualization, and applications with greater success.Chapter topics cover: Matter and Measurement; Atoms, Molecules, and Ions; Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations; Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry; Thermochemistry; Electronic Structure of Atoms; Periodic Properties of the Elements; Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding; Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories; Gases; Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids; Modern Materials; Properties of Solutions; Chemical Kinetics; Chemical Equilibrium; Acid-Base Equilibria; Additional Aspects of Equilibria; Chemistry of the Environment; Chemical Thermodynamics; Electrochemistry; Nuclear Chemistry; Chemistry of the Nonmetals; Metals and Metallurgy; Chemistry of Coordination Compounds; and The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry.For individuals interested in the study of general chemistry.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction: Matter and Measurement.
2. Atoms, Molecules, and Ions.
3. Stoichiometry: Calculations with Chemical Formulas and Equations.
4. Aqueous Reactions and Solution Stoichiometry.
5. Thermochemistry.
6. Electronic Structure of Atoms.
7. Periodic Properties of the Elements.
8. Basic Concepts of Chemical Bonding.
9. Molecular Geometry and Bonding Theories.
10. Gases.
11. Intermolecular Forces, Liquids, and Solids.
12. Modern Materials.
13. Properties of Solutions.
14. Chemical Kinetics.
15. Chemical Equilibrium.
16. Acid-Base Equilibria.
17. Additional Aspects of Equilibria.
18. Chemistry of the Environment.
19. Chemical Thermodynamics.
20. Electrochemistry.
21. Nuclear Chemistry.
22. Chemistry of the Nonmetals.
23. Metals and Metallurgy.
24. Chemistry of Coordination Compounds.
25. The Chemistry of Life: Organic and Biological Chemistry.

Excerpts

To the Instructor Philosophy Throughout the evolution of this text, certain goals have guided our writing efforts. The first is that a text should show students the importance of chemistry in their major areas of study, as well as in their daily lives. We believe that students are more enthusiastic about learning chemistry when they see its importance to their own goals and interests. With this in mind, we have included interesting and significant applications of chemistry. At the same time, the text provides the background in modem chemistry that students need to serve their professional interests, and, as appropriate, to prepare for more advanced chemistry courses. Second, we want students to see not only that chemistry provides the basis for much of what goes on in our world but also that it is a vital, continually developing science. We have kept the book up to date in terms of new concepts and applications and have tried to convey the excitement of the field. Third, we feel that if the text is to support your role as teacher effectively, it must be addressed to the students. We have sought to keep our writing clear and interesting and the book attractive and well-illustrated. Furthermore, we have provided numerous in-text study aids for students, including carefully placed descriptions of problem-solving strategies. Together, we have over a hundred years of teaching experience. We hope this is evident in our pacing and choice of examples. Organization In the present edition the first five chapters give a largely macroscopic, phenomenological view of chemistry. The basic concepts introduced--such as nomenclature, stoichiometry, and thermochemistry--provide necessary background for many of the laboratory experiments usually performed in general chemistry. We believe that an early introduction to thermochemistry is desirable because so much of our understanding of chemical processes is based on considerations of energy change. Thermochemistry is also important when we come to a discussion of bond enthalpies. The next four chapters (Chapters 6-9) deal with electronic structure and bonding. The focus then changes to the next level of the organization of matter: the states of matter (Chapters 10 and 11) and solutions (Chapter 13). Also included in this section is an applications chapter on the chemistry of modern materials (Chapter 12), which builds on the student's understanding of chemical bonding and intermolecular interactions. The next several chapters examine the factors that determine the speed and extent of chemical reactions: kinetics (Chapter 14), equilibria (Chapters 15-17), thermodynamics (Chapter 19), and electrochemistry (Chapter 20). Also in this section is a chapter on environmental chemistry (Chapter 18), in which the concepts developed in preceding chapters are applied to a discussion of the atmosphere and hydrosphere. After a discussion of nuclear chemistry (Chapter 21), the final chapters survey the chemistry of nonmetals, metals, organic chemistry, and biochemistry (Chapters 22-25). These chapters are developed in a parallel fashion and can be treated in any order. Our chapter sequence provides a fairly standard organization, but we recognize that not everyone teaches all the topics in exactly the order we have chosen. We have therefore made sure that instructors can make common changes in teaching sequence with no loss in student comprehension. In particular, many instructors prefer to introduce gases (Chapter 10) after stoichiometry or after thermochemistry rather than with states of matter. The chapter on gases has been written to permit this change withnodisruption in the flow of material. It is also possible to treat the balancing of redox equations (Sections 20.1 and 20.2) earlier, after the introduction of redox reactions in Section 4.4. Finally, some instructors like to cover organic chemistry (Chapter 25) ri