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Introduction: Exploring Inner Space | |
a Brave New World | |
What Is Cognitive Science? | |
Representation | |
Computation | |
The Interdisciplinary Perspective | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: The Philosophy and Psychology of Mental Representation | |
Summing Up: Review of Chapter 1 | |
The Philosophical Approach: Enduring Questions | |
What Is Philosophy? | |
The Mind-Body Problem | |
Monism | |
Dualism | |
Functionalism | |
The Knowledge Acquisition Problem | |
The Mystery of Consciousness | |
Overall Evaluation of the Philosophical Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Philosophy, Neuroscience and Binocular Rivalry | |
Summing Up: Review of Chapter 2 | |
The Psychological Approach: a Profusion of Theories | |
What Is Psychology? | |
Psychology and the Scientific Method | |
Mental Atoms, Mental Molecules, and a Periodic Table of the Mind: The Voluntarist Movement | |
Structuralism: What the Mind Is | |
Functionalism: What the Mind Does | |
The Whole Is Greater Than the Sum of Its Parts: Mental Physics and the Gestalt Movement | |
Mini-Minds: Mechanism and Psychoanalytic Psychology | |
Mind as a Black Box: The Behaviorist Approach | |
Overall Evaluation of the Psychological Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Gestalt Phenomenology, Experimental Psychology and Perceptual Grouping | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 3 | |
The Cognitive Approach I: Vision, Pattern Recognition and Attention | |
Some History First: The Rise of Cognitive Psychology | |
The Cognitive Approach: Mind as an Information Processor | |
Modularity of Mind | |
Theories of Vision and Pattern Recognition | |
Theories of Attention | |
Evaluating the Model-Building Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Computational Vision and Pattern Recognition | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 4 | |
The Cognitive Approach II: Memory, Imagery, and Problem Solving | |
Types of Memory | |
Memory Models | |
Visual Imagery | |
Problem Solving | |
Overall Evaluation of the Cognitive Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Artificial Intelligence, Problem Solving and the SOAR Model | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 5 | |
The Neuroscience Approach: Mind As Brain | |
The Neuroscience Perspective | |
Methodology in Neuroscience | |
Modern Brain Imaging Methods | |
Brain Stimulation Techniques | |
The Small Picture: Neuron Anatomy and Physiology | |
The Big Picture: Brain Anatomy | |
The Neuroscience of Visual Object Recognition | |
The Neuroscience of Attention | |
Disorders of Attention | |
The Neuroscience of Memory | |
Neural Substrates of Working Memory | |
Neural Substrates of Long-Term Memories | |
The Neuroscience of Executive Function and Problem Solving | |
Overall Evaluation of the Neuroscience Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Perceptual Binding and Neural Synchrony | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 6 | |
The Network Approach: Mind as a Web | |
The Network Perspective | |
Artificial Neural Networks | |
Semantic Networks: Meaning in the Web | |
Network Science | |
Overall Evaluation of the Network Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Emotions and Networks | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 7 | |
The Evolutionary Approach: Change Over Time | |
The Evolutionary View | |
a Little Background: Natural Selection and Genetics | |
Comparative Cognition | |
Evolutionary Psychology | |
Overall Evaluation of the Evolutionary Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Evolutionary Processes and Artificial Life | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 8 | |
The Linguistic Approach: Language and Cognitive Science | |
The Linguistic Approach: The Importance of Language | |
The Nature of Language | |
Language Use in Primates | |
Language Acquisition | |
Language Deprivation | |
Cognition and Linguistics: The Role of Grammar | |
Neuroscience and Linguistics: The Wernicke-Geschwind Model | |
Artificial Intelligence and Linguistics: Natural Language Processing | |
Overall Evaluation of the Linguistic Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Language, Philosophy and the Linguistic Relativity Hypothesis | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 9 | |
The Emotional Approach: Mind as Emotion | |
What is Emotion? | |
Basic Emotions | |
Theories of Emotion | |
Hot and Cold: Emotion-Cognition Interactions | |
Emotions and Neuroscience | |
Emotions, Evolution and Psychological Disorders | |
Emotions and Artificial Intelligence: Affective Computing | |
Overall Evaluation of the Emotional Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Emotion, Robotics and the Kisment Project | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 10 | |
The Social Approach: Mind as Society | |
Social Cognition | |
Evolution and Social Cognition | |
Attention and Social Cognition | |
Social Cognitive Neuroscience | |
Theory of Mind | |
Other Social Cognitive Disorders | |
Attitudes | |
Impressions | |
Attribution | |
Stereotypes | |
Prejudice | |
Overall Evaluation of the Social Approach | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Game Theory and PrisonerâÇÖs Dilemma | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 11 | |
The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Approach I: The Mind As Machine | |
Cognitive Science from the AI Perspective | |
Historical Precursors | |
Universal Computation and TuringâÇÖs Contribution | |
The Turing Test | |
Evaluating the Work of TuringâÇÖs Universal Computing Machine | |
Predictive Architectures and Their Physical Challenges | |
Evaluating Machine Computational Limitations | |
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) | |
Evolutionary Computing | |
Evaluation of Evolutionary Computing and Artificial General Intelligence | |
Agent-Based Architectures | |
Multiagent Systems | |
Overall Evaluation of the Computer as a Model of Brain Organization | |
Interdisciplinary Cross-Roads*fill in later | |
Artificial Intelligence II: Embodiments and Robotics | |
Introduction | |
The IA Paradigm | |
Why Biology is Important | |
Modeling Aspects of Biological Systems | |
Abstracting General Principles of IAs | |
Embodiment and situational aspects of intelligent behavior | |
Relationships between elements of the IA system (structure) and the environment | |
Applying the principles to the design of IAs | |
Cognitive Models of IAs | |
Deep Blue and the Chess Master | |
Can an IA âÇ£learnâÇ to play a winning game without knowing anything about the game? | |
Expert Systems âÇô a culminating âÇ£top-downâÇ example | |
Why Not Build a Brain âÇô the Blue Brain Project | |
Robotic Embodiments âÇô Ultimate IAs | |
Defining a robotic embodiment | |
The IA Embodiment Paradigm Explored | |
Robotic Architectures | |
Hierarchical Architectures | |
Reactive Architectures | |
The Hybrid Deliberative/Reactive Paradigm | |
Biological and Social Influences on Robots | |
Swarming âÇô what animals can teach us. | |
Robotic Simulation | |
Overall Evaluation of an IA Embodiment | |
Interdisciplinary Cross-Roads: Where Biology Meets Technology | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 13 | |
Conclusion: Where We Go From Here | |
The Benefits of Cognitive Science | |
Issues in Cognitive Science | |
The Dynamical Systems Approach | |
Dynamical Representation | |
Dynamical vs. Classical Cognitive Science | |
Evaluating the Dynamical Perspective | |
Integrating Cognitive Science | |
The Future | |
Interdisciplinary Crossroads: Multiple Approaches to Levels of Explanation in Cognitive Science | |
Summing Up: a Review of Chapter 14 | |
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