Cognitive Task Analysis

by Schraagen, Jan Maarten; Chipman, Susan F.; Shalin, Valerie L.; Woods, David D.

• ISBN13: 9780805833836
• ISBN10: 0805833838
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-06-01
• Publisher: Lawrence Erlbau

Summary

Cognitive task analysis is a broad area consisting of tools and techniques for describing the knowledge and strategies required for task performance. Cognitive task analysis has implications for the development of expert systems, training and instructional design, expert decision making and policymaking. It has been applied in a wide range of settings, with different purposes, for instance: specifying user requirements in system design or specifying training requirements in training needs analysis. The topics to be covered by this work include: general approaches to cognitive task analysis, system design, instruction, and cognitive task analysis for teams. The work settings to which the tools and techniques described in this work have been applied include: 911 dispatching, faultfinding on board naval ships, design aircraft, and various support systems. The editors' goal in this book is to present in a single source a comprehensive, in-depth introduction to the field of cognitive task analysis. They have attempted to include as many examples as possible in the book, making it highly suitable for those wishing to undertake a cognitive task analysis themselves. The book also contains a historical introduction to the field and an annotated bibliography, making it an excellent guide to additional resources.

Table of Contents

Contributors	viii
Foreword	xi
Preface	xiii
Part I INTRODUCTION AND HISTORY
Introduction to Cognitive Task Analysis	3	(22)
Susan F. Chipman
Jan Maarten Schraagen
Valerie L. Shalin
Theoretical and Pragmatic Influences on Task Analysis Methods	25	(16)
John Annett
Part II COGNITIVE TASK ANALYSIS FOR INDIVIDUAL TRAINING, PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT, AND SELECTION
Describing Job Expertise Using Cognitively Oriented Task Analyses (COTA)	41	(16)
David DuBois
Valerie L. Shalin
Training of Troubleshooting: A Structured, Task Analytical Approach	57	(14)
Alma Schaafstal
Jan Maarten Schraagen
DNA: Providing the Blueprint for Instruction	71	(16)
Valerie J. Shute
Lisa A. Torreano
Ross E. Willis
Discovering Situated Meaning: An Ecological Approach to Task Analysis	87	(14)
John M. Flach
Work Domain Analysis and Task Analysis: A Difference That Matters	101	(18)
Kim J. Vicente
A Functional Task Analysis of Time-Pressured Decision Making	119	(16)
Earl Hunt
Susan Joslyn
Part III COGNITIVE TASK ANALYSIS FOR APPLICATIONS TO THE DESIGN OF HUMAN-SYSTEM INTERACTION
A Skill-Based Cognitive Task Analysis Framework	135	(12)
Thomas L. Seamster
Richard E. Redding
George L. Kaempf
Towards a Theory-Based Form of Cognitive Task Analysis of Broad Scope and Applicability	147	(18)
Philip J. Barnard
Jon May
An Automated Aid for Modeling Human-Computer Interaction	165	(16)
Kent E. Williams
Using Task Analysis as a Primary Design Method: The SGT Approach	181	(20)
Thomas C. Ormerod
Getting the Knowledge into HCI: Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Task Knowledge Structures	201	(14)
Peter Johnson
Hilary Johnson
Fraser Hamilton
Cognitive Task Analysis Using ATLAS	215	(22)
W. Ian Hamilton
The Role of Cognitive Task Analysis in the Application of Predictive Models of Human Performance	237	(24)
David E. Kieras
David E. Meyer
Novel Uses of Task Models: Two Case Studies	261	(14)
Cecile Paris
Sandrine Balbo
Nadine Ozkan
Analyzing a Novel Expertise: An Unmarked Road	275	(16)
Wayne D. Gray
Susan S. Kirschenbaum
Active Design Documents as Software Agents that Mediate Participatory Design and Traceability	291	(12)
Guy A. Boy
Cognitive Analyses within Increasingly Larger Organizational Contexts	303	(14)
Franz Schmalhofer
Ludger van Elst
Bootstrapping Multiple Converging Cognitive Task Analysis Techniques for System Design	317	(24)
Scott S. Potter
Emilie M. Roth
David D. Woods
William C. Elm
Attuning Computer-Supported Work to Human Knowledge and Processing Capacities in Ship Control Centers	341	(24)
Mark A. Neerincx
Henk van Doorne
Mark Ruijsendaal
Part IV COGNITIVE TASK ANALYSIS FOR TEAMWORK SITUATIONS
Building Cognitive Task Analyses and Models of a Decision-Making Team in a Complex Real-Time Environment	365	(20)
Wayne W. Zachary
Joan M. Ryder
James H. Hicinbothom
Modeling a Command Center	385	(16)
Peter J.M.D. Essens
Wilfried M. Post
Peter C. Rasker
Analyzing Command Team Skills	401	(16)
John Annett
David Cunningham
Cognitive Task Analysis of Teams	417	(14)
Gary Klein
Analyzing Knowledge Requirements in Team Tasks	431	(20)
Elizabeth Blickensderfer
Janis A. Cannon-Bowers
Eduardo Salas
David P. Baker
Part V DISCUSSION
On the Future of Cognitive Task Analysis	451	(16)
Alan Lesgold
State-of-the-Art Review of Cognitive Task Analysis Techniques	467	(22)
Jan Maarten Schraagen
Susan F. Chipman
Valerie J. Shute
Author Index	489	(10)
Subject Index	499