This is the spectacular and comprehensive Revised Third Edition of a book that is the magnum opus of Australian orchid expert David L. Jones. It includes many updates with, most importantly, 30 new species accounts (with photos) added since the publication of the Third Edition in 2019. Therefore this is a new and much improved edition of what has been the best and most authoritative book on the subject since the First Edition was published in 1993. Australia is the world centre of orchid biodiversity, and now that our understanding of the subject has developed over the past 30 years, this Revised Third Edition contains many more species and photos than previously – covering more than 1,700 orchid taxa for the first time – and much more detailed text than previous editions. It covers more than 130 additional orchid species since the Second Edition, including some which have not yet officially been described. References are now positioned within the main text, distribution maps are included, and there is a more complete and comprehensive introduction. Line drawings help the reader to easily determine the key features of each orchid observed.

David L. Jones has had an interest in flora, and particularly orchids, for more than half a century. In 2001 he was presented with the Australian Orchid Foundation’ s prestigious ‘ Award of Honor’ in recognition of his enormous contribution to the study of orchids in Australia and internationally.

PREFACE 5 AUTHOR’ S NOTES AND ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 7 HOW TO USE THIS BOOK 10 PART I About Orchids, Especially Australian Orchids 13 Chapter 1 Introduction to Australian Orchids 14 Chapter 2 The Structure of Australian Orchids 21 Chapter 3 The Biology of Australian Orchids 30 PART II Australian Terrestrial Orchids 43 Chapter 4 Subfamily Apostasioideae (Apostasia) 44 Chapter 5 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Acianthiinae – 1 45 Elfin Orchids, Gnat Orchids, Mosquito Orchids (Acianthus, Cyrtostylis, Stigmatodactylus, Townsonia) Chapter 6 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Acianthiinae – 2 56 Helmet Orchids (Anzybas, Corybas, Corysanthes, Nematoceras) Chapter 7 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Caladeniinae – 1 71 Small-flowered species; Finger Orchids (Caladenia subgenus Caladenia); Cap Orchids (subgenus Stegostyla); Blue Caladenias (subgenus Trilobatae); Fairy Orchids (subgenus Elevatae) Chapter 8 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Caladeniinae – 2 99 Large-flowered species; Spider Orchids (Caladenia subgenus Calonema) Chapter 9 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Caladeniinae – 3 164 Dragon Orchids (Caladenia subgenus Drakonorchis); Zebra Orchids, Clown Orchids, Wispy Spider Orchids (subgenus Phlebochilus) Chapter 10 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Caladeniinae – 4 191 (Caladenia Relatives – Adenochilus, Cyanicula, Elythranthera, Eriochilus, Ericksonella, Glossodia, Leptoceras, Pheladenia, Praecoxanthus, × Cyanthera, × Glossadenia) Chapter 11 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Diuridinae 212 Donkey Orchids, Doubletails (Diuris); Horned Orchid (Orthoceras) Chapter 12 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Drakaeinae 261 (Arthrochilus, Caleana, Chiloglottis, Drakaea, Leporella, Phoringopsis, Spiculaea, Sullivania, Thynninorchis) Chapter 13 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Cryptostylidinae (Cryptostylis) 296 and Megastylidinae (Burnettia, Lyperanthus, Pyrorchis, Rimacola) Chapter 14 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Prasophyllinae – 1 304 Leek Orchids (Prasophyllum, Paraprasophyllum) Chapter 15 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Prasophyllinae – 2 358 Midge Orchids, Onion Orchids (Chiloterus, Corunastylis, Genoplesium, Hydrorchis, Microtis, Microtidium) Chapter 16 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Prasophyllinae – 3 402 Underground Orchids (Rhizanthella) CONTENTS 9 Chapter 17 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Diurideae, subtribe Thelymitrinae 409 Beard Orchids, Sun Orchids (Calochilus, Epiblema, Thelymitra) Chapter 18 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Cranichideae, subtribe Goodyerinae 464 Jewel Orchids (Anoectochilus, Cheirostylis, Danhatchia, Eucosia, Hetaeria, Rhomboda, Salacistis, Vrydagzynea, Zeuxine) Chapter 19 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Cranichideae, subtribe Pterostylidinae – 1 473 Greenhoods (Diplodium, Pterostylis, Speculantha) Chapter 20 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Cranichideae, subtribe Pterostylidinae – 2 534 Greenhoods, Rustyhooods (Bunochilus, Hymenochilus, Oligochaetochilus, Pharochilum, Plumatichilos, Ranorchis, Stamnorchis, Urochilus) Chapter 21 Subfamily Orchidoideae, tribe Cranichideae, subtribe Orchidinae 602 Rein Orchids (Cooktownia, Habenaria, Pecteilis, Peristylus) and Spiranthinae (Spiranthes) Chapter 22 Tribe Vanilloideae, subtribe Vanillieae 614 Climbing Orchids (Erythrorchis, Pseudovanilla) Chapter 23 Subfamily Epidendroideae, tribes Collabiae, Cymbidiae, Dendrobiae, Gastrodiae, Malaxideae, Neottiae, 617 Nerviliae and Tropidiae (Miscellaneous Terrestrials – Aphyllorchis, Bromheadia, Calanthe, Conostalix, Corymborkis, Demorchis, Didymoplexis, Dienia, Dipodium, Diteilis, Empusa, Epipogium, Eulophia, Gastrodia, Nervilia, Oeceoclades, Pachystoma, Phaius, Spathoglottis, Tainia, Tropidia) PART III Australian Epiphytic Orchids 651 Chapter 24 The Dendrobium Alliance; Subfamily Epidendr

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