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9781891487798

Confidence in Public Speaking : Telecourse Version

by ;
  • ISBN13:

    9781891487798

  • ISBN10:

    1891487795

  • Edition: 7th
  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2001-11-01
  • Publisher: Oxford Univ Pr
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List Price: $45.95

Table of Contents

Preface xiii
Developing Confidence
1(18)
Question Outline
1(1)
Why Study Public Speaking?
1(3)
Personal Advantages
2(1)
Professional Gains
3(1)
The Seven Basic Elements of the Public Speaking Process
4(3)
Source
4(1)
Message
5(1)
Receiver
5(1)
Channel
5(1)
Feedback
5(1)
Noise
6(1)
Situation
6(1)
Confidence in Public Speaking
7(8)
Fear of Public Speaking
8(3)
Reducing Anxiety
11(3)
Becoming Confident in Incremental Steps
14(1)
Summary
15(1)
Vocabulary
16(1)
Application Exercises
17(1)
References
17(2)
Listening and Ethics
19(24)
Question Outline
19(1)
The Importance of Listening
20(1)
Three Myths About Listening
20(2)
Assuming that You Listen Well
21(1)
Assuming That You Cannot Be Taught to Listen Better
21(1)
Assuming That Listening and Hearing Are the Same Thing
21(1)
The Process of Listening
22(3)
Receiving
22(1)
Selecting
23(1)
Organizing
23(1)
Interpreting
24(1)
Barriers to Effective Listening
25(3)
Faking Attention
25(1)
Prejudging the Speaker
26(1)
Prejudging the Speech
26(1)
Yielding to Distractions
27(1)
Informative Listening
28(4)
Suspend Judgments About the Speaker
29(1)
Focus on the Speaker As a Source of Information
29(1)
Concentrate Your Attention on the Speaker
29(1)
Listen to the Entire Message
30(1)
Focus on the Values or Experiences You Share with the Speaker
30(1)
Focus on the Main Ideas the Speaker is Presenting
30(1)
Recall the Arbitrary Nature of Words
30(1)
Focus on the Intent As Well As the Content of the Message
31(1)
Be Aware of Your Listening Intensity
31(1)
Remove or Ignore Physical Distractions
31(1)
Evaluative Listening
32(2)
Establish Standards of Appraisal
32(2)
Consider the Positive As Well As the Negative Aspects of the Speech
34(1)
View the Speech As a Unit
34(1)
Consider the Speaker's Ethical Standards
34(1)
Ethics and the Listener
34(3)
Avoid Unethical Topics
35(1)
Present Accurate Information
35(1)
Avoid Misleading the Audience
36(1)
Use Ethical Emotional Appeals
36(1)
Respect All Cultural Groups
37(1)
Do Not Hide Your Association with a Group Whose Purpose or Work Is Relevant to the Topic
37(1)
Summary
37(1)
Vocabulary
38(2)
Application Exercises
40(1)
References
41(2)
The Audience
43(26)
Question Outline
43(1)
Audience Analysis
44(10)
Conventional Wisdom
45(1)
Demographics
46(8)
Methods of Audience Analysis
54(3)
Observation
55(1)
Informants
55(1)
Interviews
56(1)
Questionnaires
56(1)
Situational Analysis
57(3)
Size of Audience
57(1)
Occasion
58(1)
Time
59(1)
Importance
60(1)
The Uniqueness of the Classroom Audience
60(1)
Adapting to Your Audience
61(2)
Ethics and the Audience
63(1)
Summary
63(1)
Vocabulary
64(1)
Application Exercises
65(1)
References
66(3)
The Speaker
69(16)
Question Outline
69(1)
The Speaker-Audience Relationship
69(4)
Credibility Is in the Eye of the Beholder
70(1)
How Do You See Yourself?
71(1)
Are You Afraid of Your Audience?
71(1)
How Does Your Audience See You?
72(1)
What Do Audiences Want?
73(5)
Common Ground
73(1)
Dynamism
74(1)
Trustworthiness
75(1)
Competence
76(2)
How Do You Introduce Another Speaker?
78(2)
What Is the Right Thing to Say?
79(1)
How to Avoid Plagiarism
80(1)
Summary
81(1)
Vocabulary
82(1)
Application Exercises
83(1)
References
83(2)
Selecting a Topic and Purpose
85(18)
Question Outline
85(1)
Purposes of Speeches
86(3)
General Purposes
86(1)
Specific Purposes
87(2)
Thesis Statement
89(1)
Topic Selection
89(5)
Searching for a Topic
89(4)
Selecting a Topic
93(1)
Evaluating Topics
94(2)
Appropriate for You
94(1)
Appropriate for the Audience
95(1)
Appropriate Ethical Standards
95(1)
Appropriate for the Occasion
96(1)
Summary
96(2)
Vocabulary
98(1)
Application Exercises
99(1)
References
100(3)
Finding Information
103(34)
Question Outline
103(1)
Researching Effectively
104(6)
Begin the Research Process
104(2)
Record Potential Sources
106(2)
Make Index Cards or an Electronic File
108(1)
Learn as You Look
109(1)
Personal Experience as a Source of Information
110(2)
Interviewing for Information
112(5)
Before the Interview
113(2)
During the Interview
115(1)
After the Interview
116(1)
Using the Library for Information
117(7)
The Library Staff
117(1)
Books
118(1)
Magazines and Journals
118(2)
Newspapers
120(1)
Reference Works
121(1)
Dictionaries
121(1)
Encyclopedias
122(1)
Facts and Figures: Yearbooks, Almanacs, and Web Sites
123(1)
Books of Quotations
124(1)
Searching the Internet for Information
124(3)
Searching the World Wide Web for Information
126(1)
Evaluating Sources on the Web
126(1)
Creating the Bibliography
127(2)
APA Style
128(1)
MLA Style
128(1)
Ethics in Research: Oral Footnotes
129(1)
Summary
130(2)
Vocabulary
132(1)
Application Exercises
132(2)
References
134(3)
Speech Organization and Outlining
137(34)
Question Outline
137(1)
The Importance of Organization
138(1)
Organizing the Body of the Speech
139(17)
Divide the Body into Main Points
139(4)
Determine the Order of the Main Points
143(11)
Incorporate Supporting Materials
154(2)
Consider the Connections
156(2)
Transitions
156(1)
Signposts
156(1)
Internal Previews
157(1)
Internal Reviews
157(1)
Principles of Outlining
158(2)
Subordination
158(1)
Division
159(1)
Parallelism
159(1)
Types of Outlines
160(6)
The Preparation Outline
160(1)
The Formal Outline
161(4)
APA Style
165(1)
The Key Word Outline
166(1)
Summary
166(2)
Vocabulary
168(1)
Application Exercises
169(1)
References
170(1)
The Ethical and Effective Use of Evidence, Proof, and Argument
171(36)
Question Outline
171(1)
How Can Evidence Be Used Ethically and Effectively in the Persuasive Speech?
172(6)
Facts and Figures
174(1)
Examples
175(1)
Narratives
175(1)
Testimony
176(1)
Evaluating Evidence
176(2)
Using Proof Ethically and Effectively
178(10)
Personal Proof
179(3)
Emotional Proof
182(3)
Logical Proof
185(1)
Mythic Proof
186(2)
Components of an Argument
188(12)
Types of Claims
188(1)
The Construction of a Sound Argument
189(1)
Types of Argument
190(7)
Fallacies of Argument
197(3)
Additional Ethical Concerns
200(1)
Summary
201(1)
Vocabulary
202(2)
Application Exercises
204(1)
References
204(3)
Introducting and Concluding Your Speech
207(22)
Question Outline
207(1)
The Functions of an Introduction
208(8)
Gaining and Maintaining Favorable Attention
208(4)
Relating the Topic to the Audience
212(1)
Relating the Topic to the Speaker
213(2)
Previewing the Message by Stating the Purpose and Forecasting the Organization
215(1)
Demonstrating the Functions in a Speech
216(3)
Suggestions for Introducing Your Speech
216(3)
Mid-Speech Sag
219(1)
The Functions of a Conclusion
219(2)
Forewarning the Audience of the End
220(1)
Reminding the Audience of Your Main Points
220(1)
Specifying What the Audience Should Do
220(1)
Methods of Concluding Your Speech
221(2)
Ending with a Quotation
221(1)
Asking a Question
222(1)
Telling a Story
222(1)
Closing With a Striking Statement
222(1)
Suggestions for Concluding Your Speech
223(1)
Summary
224(1)
Vocabulary
225(1)
Application Exercises
225(1)
References
226(3)
Language in Public Speaking
229(24)
Question Outline
229(1)
How Do Words Provide Power?
230(6)
Words Organize and Classify
230(1)
Words Shape Thought
231(1)
Words Are Representational and Presentational
232(1)
Words Are Abstract or Concrete
233(2)
Words Are Denotative and Connotative
235(1)
Does Spoken Language Differ From Written Language?
236(1)
Avoiding Problems with Your Words
237(3)
The Politically Correct Movement
238(1)
Sexist Language
238(1)
Stereotypes and Differences
239(1)
Racist Language
240(1)
What Words Should You Use?
240(4)
Use Words That Simplify
240(1)
Use Substitutions and Definitions
241(1)
Use Comparison and Contrast
241(1)
Use Synonyms and Antonyms
241(1)
Use the Origin of the Word
242(1)
Use Words That Evoke Images
242(1)
Use Correct Grammar
243(1)
Use Vivid Words
243(1)
Use Parallelism and Repetition
244(1)
Using Words Ethically
244(2)
Exaggeration and Oversimplification
245(1)
Language and Perspective
245(1)
Suggestions for Language in Public Speaking
246(1)
Summary
247(1)
Vocabulary
248(1)
Application Exercises
249(1)
References
250(3)
Delivering Your Speech
253(28)
Question Outline
253(1)
What Is Effective Delivery?
254(1)
What Are Four Modes of Delivery?
255(5)
Extemporaneous Mode
255(2)
Memorized Mode
257(1)
Manuscript Mode
257(1)
Impromptu Mode
258(2)
How Can You Use Your Voice Effectively?
260(5)
Adjust Your Rate To Content, Audience, and Situation
260(1)
Use Pause For Effect
261(1)
Use Duration for Attention
262(1)
Use Rhythm to Establish Tempo
262(1)
Use Pitch for Expression
262(1)
Use Volume for Emphasis
263(1)
Use Enunciation for Clarity
264(1)
Use Fluency for Fluidity
265(1)
How Can You Use Your Body to Communicate Effectively?
265(7)
Use Eye Contact to Hold Audience Attention
266(1)
Use Facial Expression to Communicate
267(1)
Use Gestures to Reinforce Message
268(1)
Use Bodily Movement for Purpose
269(1)
Consider Your Unique Physical Appearance
270(2)
How Can You Improve Your Delivery?
272(2)
Summary
274(1)
Vocabulary
275(2)
Application Exercises
277(2)
References
279(2)
Presentational Aids
281(26)
Question Outline
281(1)
Why Use Presentational Aids?
282(2)
Presentational Aids Reinforce Your Message
282(1)
Presentational Aids Clarify Your Message
283(1)
Presentational Aids Make Your Speech More Interesting
283(1)
Presentational Aids Make Your Speech Memorable
283(1)
Presentational Aids Reduce Your Anxiety
284(1)
Factors Affecting the Use of Presentational Aids
284(3)
Who Is Your Audience?
285(1)
What Is the Occasion?
285(1)
What Is the Setting?
286(1)
What Is Your Message?
286(1)
What Will Presentational Aids Cost?
286(1)
What Rules Should You Follow?
287(1)
What Are the Types of Presentational Aids?
287(16)
What Are Graphics?
287(4)
What Are Display Boards?
291(2)
What Are Computer-Generated Graphics?
293(2)
What Is Display Equipment?
295(5)
What Is the Display of Persons and Things?
300(3)
Summary: A Checklist for Presentational Aids
303(2)
Vocabulary
305(1)
Application Exercises
305(1)
References
306(1)
Informative Speaking
307(30)
Question Outline
307(1)
Two Rhetorical Principles of Informative Speaking
308(2)
Relate the Speaker to the Topic
309(1)
Relate the Topic to the Audience
310(1)
What Are Four Purposes of Informative Speaking?
310(5)
Create Information Hunger
310(2)
Help the Audience Understand the Information
312(1)
Help the Audience Remember the Information
313(1)
Invite the Audience to Apply That Information
314(1)
Learning Styles and Informative Speaking
315(4)
Five Principles of Learning
319(4)
Build on the Known
319(1)
Use Humor and Wit
319(1)
Use Presentational Aids
320(1)
Organize Your Information
320(2)
Reward Your Listeners
322(1)
Skills for the Informative Speaker
323(5)
Defining in an Informative Speech
323(2)
Describing in an Informative Speech
325(1)
Explaining in an Informative Speech
325(1)
Demonstrating in an Informative Speech
325(3)
Ethics and Informative Speaking
328(2)
Summary
330(2)
Vocabulary
332(1)
Application Exercises
333(1)
References
334(3)
Persuasive and Presentational Speaking
337(22)
Question Outline
337(1)
What Is Persuasive Speaking?
338(1)
Why Is Persuasive Speaking an Important Topic?
339(1)
Three Purposes of Persuasive Speaking
339(2)
Shaping Audience Responses
340(1)
Reinforcing Audience Responses
340(1)
Changing Audience Responses
340(1)
What Is Being Influenced?
341(4)
Feelings
341(1)
Beliefs
342(1)
Attitudes
343(1)
Values
343(1)
Behavior
343(2)
Principles of Persuasion
345(4)
Consistency Persuades
345(1)
Small Changes Persuade
346(1)
Benefits Persuade
347(1)
Fulfilling Needs Persuades
347(1)
Gradual Approaches Persuade
348(1)
Types of Persuasive Speeches
349(3)
The Speech to Inspire
349(1)
The Speech to Convince
350(1)
The Speech of Action
351(1)
Ethics and Persuasive Speaking
352(1)
Summary
353(2)
Vocabulary
355(1)
Application Exercises
356(1)
References
357(2)
Index 359

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