Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork for Students With Special Needs

by Dettmer, Peggy; Thurston, Linda P.; Dyck, Norma

• ISBN13: 9780205290659
• ISBN10: 0205290655
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1999-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgements	p. xv
Context
Working Together in Schools	p. 1
Focusing Questions	p. 2
Key Terms	p. 2
Educator Responsibilities in Schools	p. 2
Teacher Autonomy and Professional Collegiality	p. 3
What Collaborative School Consultation Is	p. 5
Defining Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork	p. 5
Descriptions of Collaborative School Consultation and Co-teaching	p. 6
How Consultation, Collaboration, and Co-teaching Differ	p. 7
When Educators Consult, Collaborate, and Co-teach	p. 9
What Collaborative School Consultation Is Not	p. 10
Role Responsibilities for Collaborative School Consultation	p. 10
Initiating School Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork	p. 11
Interchangeable Roles	p. 12
Key Elements in Consulting and Collaborating	p. 13
Role Delineation in Collaborative School Consultation	p. 14
Framework for School Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork	p. 18
Evaluation and Support of Consultation and Collaboration	p. 23
Preparation for School Consultation and Collaboration	p. 25
Multiplier Effects of Collaborative School Consultation	p. 27
Problem Areas to Avoid	p. 27
Process and Content in the School Context	p. 28
Synergy of Context, Process, and Content	p. 30
Tips for Working Together in Schools	p. 31
Chapter Review	p. 31
To Do and Think About	p. 32
For Further Reading	p. 33
Background, Theory, Research, And Structure	p. 34
Focusing Questions	p. 34
Key Terms	p. 35
School Reform Movements	p. 35
The Regular Education Initiative (REI) in Retrospect	p. 37
Inclusive or Unified School Systems	p. 38
Transition from Preschool to School and from School to Work	p. 42
Summary of School Reform Movements	p. 43
A Brief History of School Consultation	p. 43
School Consultation before 1970	p. 43
School Consultation after 1970	p. 44
Theoretical Bases of School Consultation	p. 45
Research Bases of School Consultation	p. 45
Structure for School Consultation	p. 47
Semantics	p. 47
Structural Elements	p. 47
Systems	p. 48
Perspectives	p. 49
Approaches	p. 50
Prototypes	p. 51
Modes	p. 52
Models	p. 53
Synthesizing Structural Elements into Methods of Collaborative Consultation	p. 59
Tips for Structuring Collaborative School Consultation	p. 64
Chapter Review	p. 65
To Do and Think About	p. 65
For Further Reading	p. 66
Diversity In Collaborative School Environments	p. 68
Focusing Questions	p. 68
Key Terms	p. 69
Valuing Individual Differences within the School Context	p. 69
Adult Differences within the School Context	p. 70
Assessing Individual Preferences	p. 71
Self-Study of Preferred Styles and Functions	p. 73
Constructive Use of Adult Differences for School Consultation	p. 74
Differing Teacher Styles	p. 76
Using Adult Differences to Facilitate Productive Team Interaction	p. 77
Adult Differences in Communication	p. 78
Adult Differences in Problem-Solving Styles	p. 78
Using Knowledge of Adult Differences Wisely	p. 79
Educators with Disabilities	p. 81
Effects of Diversity on School Consultation and Collaboration	p. 82
Assessing Multicultural Awareness of Educators	p. 83
Responding to Cultural Diversity in Collaborative Settings	p. 85
Involvement of Culturally Diverse Families	p. 88
Language Needs of Students from Culturally Diverse Groups	p. 89
Needs in Rural and Isolated Schools	p. 89
Needs of Students Who Move Frequently	p. 90
Needs of Military Dependent Students	p. 91
Practices for Promoting Multicultural Education	p. 92
Tips for Using Diversity in School Settings	p. 93
Chapter Review	p. 94
To Do and Think About	p. 94
For Further Reading	p. 95
Family Focused Home-School Collaboration	p. 96
Focusing Questions	p. 97
Key Terms	p. 97
Mandates for Family Involvement	p. 97
Educational Rationale for Family Involvement	p. 99
Family Empowerment	p. 99
Moving From Parent Involvement to Family-Focused Collaboration	p. 100
Broadened Conceptualization of Family	p. 100
Beyond Involvement to Collaboration	p. 101
Values for Home-School Collaboration	p. 101
Barriers to Collaboration with Families	p. 102
Cultural Competence of Educators	p. 103
Historical, Attitudinal, and Perceptual Factors	p. 103
Bridges to Successful Home-School Collaboration	p. 105
Focusing on Family Strengths	p. 105
Using Appropriate Communication Skills	p. 105
Promoting Positive Roles for Family Members	p. 106
Developing Home-School Partnerships	p. 106
Five Steps for Collaborating with Families	p. 107
Tips for Family-Focused Collaboration	p. 119
Chapter Review	p. 120
To Do and Think About	p. 121
For Further Reading	p. 122
Process
Problem-Solving Strategies	p. 123
Focusing Questions	p. 123
Key Terms	p. 124
The Problem-Solving Process	p. 124
Communication, Cooperation, and Coordination in Problem-Solving	p. 125
The POCS Method of Problem-Solving	p. 128
The Ten-Step Process for Consultation	p. 132
Preparing for the Consultation	p. 132
Initiating the Consultation	p. 134
Collecting Information	p. 134
Isolating the Problem	p. 134
Identifying Concerns Relevant to the Problem	p. 134
Generating Solutions	p. 135
Formulating a Plan	p. 136
Evaluating Progress and Process	p. 136
Following Up the Consultation	p. 136
Repeating the Consultation if Needed	p. 137
What to Say During the Consultation	p. 137
What to Consider if Group Problem-Solving Is Not Successful	p. 140
Tools to Facilitate Group Problem-Solving	p. 140
Brainstorming	p. 140
Creative Problem-Solving	p. 143
Lateral Thinking	p. 143
Concept Mapping	p. 144
Idea Checklist	p. 144
Benchmarking	p. 145
Other Collaborative Activities	p. 145
Interaction Formats	p. 147
Tips for Problem-Solving Strategies	p. 148
Chapter Review	p. 148
To Do and Think About	p. 149
For Further Reading	p. 149
Communication Processes	p. 151
Focusing Questions	p. 151
Key Terms	p. 152
Communication for Effective School Relationships	p. 153
Challenges of Communication	p. 153
Ethnic and Gender Differences in Communication	p. 154
Skills for Communicating	p. 156
Rapport-Building to Enhance Communication	p. 156
Responsive Listening Skills	p. 157
Roadblocks to Communication	p. 163
Assertiveness	p. 164
Managing Resistance, Anger, and Negativity	p. 167
Why Educators Resist	p. 167
How to Deal with Resistance	p. 168
Conflict Management	p. 170
Tips for Communicating Effectively	p. 175
Chapter Review	p. 175
To Do and Think About	p. 176
For Further Reading	p. 178
Managing Time and Technology	p. 179
Focusing Questions	p. 179
Key Terms	p. 180
Stress, Burnout, and Attrition	p. 180
Minimizing Stress of Professional Responsibilities	p. 181
Management of Time	p. 184
Finding Time for Collaboration and Teaming	p. 185
Techniques for Meetings, Interviews, and Observation	p. 188
Conducting Effective Interviews	p. 192
Making Prudent Observations	p. 193
Management of Consultation Records and Resources	p. 194
Using a Consultation Log	p. 194
Memos	p. 194
Organizing a Consultation Notebook	p. 196
Organizing and Distributing Materials	p. 199
Technology for Enriching Collaboration	p. 199
Technology for Managing Consultation and Collaboration	p. 200
Telecommunications and Electronic Networks	p. 201
Electronic Scheduling Programs	p. 202
Information Services	p. 202
Internet Resources	p. 202
FAX Communication	p. 203
Monitoring Student Records	p. 203
Grades and Attendance Records	p. 203
Individual Educational Plans	p. 204
Assessment and Evaluation	p. 204
Adapting Materials and Tests	p. 206
Preparing Reports and Other Written Products	p. 207
Planning for Use of Technology	p. 208
Tips for Managing Time and Technology	p. 209
Chapter Review	p. 210
To Do and Think About	p. 211
For Further Reading	p. 212
Assessment and Evaluation	p. 214
Focusing Questions	p. 214
Key Terms	p. 215
Assessing and Evaluating the Consultation	p. 215
Components of Consultation Evaluation	p. 217
Developing an Evaluation Plan	p. 219
Example of an Evaluation Plan	p. 219
Components of a Good Plan	p. 219
Evaluating the Context of Consultation	p. 221
Assessment of Classroom Environments	p. 222
Evaluating the Process of Consultation	p. 222
Consultant Self-Assessment Procedures	p. 224
Records of Consultation Activities	p. 226
Evaluating the Content of Consultation	p. 227
Assessing Student Academic Performance	p. 227
Assessing Student Behaviors	p. 233
Skills and Competencies for Collaborative Consultation	p. 237
Ethics of Consulting and Collaborating	p. 237
Tips for Assessing and Evaluating	p. 242
Chapter Review	p. 242
To Do and Think About	p. 243
For Further Reading	p. 244
Content
Planning for Inclusion	p. 246
Focusing Questions	p. 247
Key Terms	p. 247
Planning Inclusive Schools	p. 248
Importance of Planning for Inclusion	p. 248
Involving All Stakeholders	p. 249
Planning Lessons	p. 250
Typical Lesson Planning	p. 251
Co-Planning Lessons	p. 251
Co-Teaching a Lesson Plan	p. 255
Planning Cooperative Learning Lessons	p. 258
Planning for Individuals in Inclusive Classrooms	p. 260
IEP Requirements	p. 260
Helping Teachers Use IEP Information	p. 260
Planning Curriculum Adaptations	p. 261
Curriculum Accommodations	p. 262
Curriculum Modifications	p. 268
Planning Remedial Instruction	p. 270
Guidelines for Remedial Instruction	p. 272
Resources for Remedial Lessons	p. 272
Planning Instructional Support	p. 273
Planning for Paras	p. 273
Planning for Peer Tutors and Other Instructional Assistants	p. 274
Teaching Study Strategies	p. 275
Teaching Self-Advocacy	p. 276
Adapting Tests	p. 276
Adapting Text Materials	p. 278
Monitoring Student Progress	p. 279
Tips for Co-planning and Co-teaching	p. 279
Chapter Review	p. 281
To Do and Think About	p. 282
For Further Reading	p. 282
Related Services and Support Personnel	p. 283
Focusing Questions	p. 284
Key Terms	p. 284
Related-Services and Support Personnel as Partners in Inclusion	p. 284
Collaboration in Early Childhood Education for Children with Disabilities	p. 286
Transition from School to the Adult World	p. 287
Roles for Related-Services and Support Personnel	p. 288
Related Services in Inclusive Schools	p. 290
Using Library and Media Resources	p. 291
Paraeducators/Paraprofessionals/Paras	p. 293
School Administrator Role in Collaboration	p. 296
Consultants as Coordinators for Interagency Collaboration	p. 298
Coordination of Related Services	p. 299
Sources for Assistance	p. 301
Generating Proposals for External Funding	p. 302
Funding Sources	p. 303
Preparing the Proposal	p. 303
Tips for Using Related-Services and Support Personnel	p. 306
Chapter Review	p. 306
To Do and Think About	p. 307
For Further Reading	p. 308
Professional Development for Collaboration	p. 309
Focusing Questions	p. 310
Key Terms	p. 310
Purposes of Professional Development	p. 310
Roles, Responsibilities, and Opportunities for Professional
Development	p. 311
Characteristics of the Adult Learner	p. 314
Differentiating In-service from Staff Development	p. 316
Planning In-service and Staff Development	p. 316
Determining Professional Development Needs	p. 316
Presenting In-service and Staff Development	p. 318
Target Groups for In-service and Staff Development	p. 319
Formal and Informal In-service and Staff Development	p. 321
The Teachers' Workroom as a Staff Development Forum	p. 321
Format for In-service and Staff Development	p. 323
Time for In-service and Staff Development	p. 324
Incentives for Participation in ISD	p. 324
Techniques for Conducting ISD	p. 325
Presenter and Participant Responsibilities	p. 326
Delivery of ISD Content	p. 326
Follow-Up Activities	p. 328
Evaluation of the In-service and Staff Development	p. 330
Benefits of In-service and Staff Development	p. 330
Tips for Professional Development	p. 331
Chapter Review	p. 332
To Do and Think About	p. 333
For Further Reading	p. 334
Summing Up and Looking Ahead	p. 335
Focusing Questions	p. 335
Key Terms	p. 336
Global Trends and Social Concerns Affecting Education	p. 336
Societal Changes	p. 337
Economic Trends	p. 338
Family Structure Changes	p. 338
Demographic Trends	p. 338
A Visionary Scope: Educational Reforms	p. 338
Benefits of Collaborative School Consultation	p. 340
Positive Ripple Effects	p. 343
Developing New Metaphors for Education	p. 345
Developing a Plan Infusing Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork	p. 348
Challenges for Consultation, Collaboration, and Teamwork in the Future	p. 351
Tips for Looking Ahead	p. 352
Chapter Review	p. 352
To Do and Think About	p. 352
For Further Reading	p. 353
References	p. 354
Author Index	p. 374
Subject Index	p. 379
Table of Contents provided by Syndetics. All Rights Reserved.