Core Curriculum for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing

by AAOHN

• ISBN13: 9780721692074
• ISBN10: 0721692079
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2001-04-03
• Publisher: Saunders

Summary

A team of experts offer the core knowledge of the profession in this comprehensive resource and practical guide. This new edition, based on the AAOHN Standards of Professional Occupational Health Nursing Practice, has been updated and revised throughout.It covers the many dimensions of occupational health practice today, regardless of the setting. An easy-to-follow outline format streamlines the review process. Includes new content on environmental health.

Table of Contents

SECTION ONE Foundations of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	1	(188)
Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing: An Overview	3	(30)
Mary E. Dirksen
Introduction to Occupational Health and Safety	3	(1)
Historical Perspective on Work and Occupational Health	4	(3)
Evolution of Occupational Safety and Health	7	(3)
History of Workers' Compensation	10	(1)
The Occupational Safety and Health Act	11	(1)
National Health Goals: Healthy People and Healthy Communities	11	(1)
Occupational Health in the International Community	12	(1)
The Workplace: Occupational Hazards and Their Impact on Workers	13	(3)
Work-Related Inury and Illness	16	(4)
Assessment and Prevention of Occupational and Environmental Injury and Illness	20	(1)
History and Evolution of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	21	(3)
The Practice of Occupational and Environmental Health Nurisng	24	(5)
Future Opportunities and Challenges	29	(4)
Workes and Worker Populations	33	(38)
Sally Lusk
Catherine Connon
Mary E. Dirksen
Mary E. Miller
Demographic and Social Trends	33	(2)
Technologic Trends	35	(1)
Females in the Work Force	36	(2)
Minorities in the Work Force	38	(1)
Age of Workers	39	(2)
Children in the Work Force	41	(4)
Contingent and Other Alternative Workers	45	(3)
Workers in Labor Unions	48	(1)
Disabled Workers	49	(1)
Agricultural Workers	50	(3)
Construction Workers	53	(3)
Health Care Workers	56	(5)
International (Expatriate) Workers	61	(10)
Legal and Ethical Issues	71	(24)
Diane Knoblauch
Frances Childre
Patricia Strasser
Sources of Law	71	(1)
Basic Legal Concepts Relevant to Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	72	(1)
Legal Responsibilities of the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	73	(1)
Occupational Safety and Health Act (Public Law 91-596)	73	(4)
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990	77	(2)
Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) of 1993 (29CFR825. 118)	79	(1)
The Department of Transportation	80	(1)
Documentation	81	(2)
Types of Records	83	(2)
Preservation of Employee Health and Exposure Records	85	(1)
Access to Employee Medical and Exposure Records	85	(2)
Overview of Workers' Compensation	87	(1)
Overview of Workers' Compensation Benefits	88	(1)
Professional Position on Ethics	89	(1)
Ethics: Definitions and Principles	90	(1)
Ethical Conflicts	90	(5)
Economic, Political, and Business Forces	95	(16)
Deborah V. DiBenedetto
Introduction to Economics	95	(2)
Economic State of the Nation	97	(1)
The Impact of Economics on the Individual	97	(2)
Changes in the National Economy	99	(1)
Factors Affecting National and Global Competitiveness	99	(1)
International Trade Status of the Nation	100	(1)
The Global Marketplace	101	(1)
Implications for the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	101	(1)
Business Trends	102	(1)
Major Business Issues	103	(2)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	105	(1)
Health Care Reform and Managed Health Care	106	(1)
Overview of Managed Care	106	(1)
Quality Controls in Managed Care	107	(1)
Judging Standards of Care	108	(1)
Defining and Evaluating Quality Outcomes	108	(1)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	109	(2)
Scientific Foundations of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	111	(36)
Jacqueline Agnew
History of Nursing Science	111	(1)
Research--Theory--Practice Linkages	112	(1)
Early Nursing Theory	113	(1)
The Domain of Nursing	113	(1)
Modern Nursing Theory: Middle-Range Theories	114	(1)
The Practice of Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	115	(1)
The Effects of the Environment on Health	115	(1)
Overview of Epidemiologic Terms and Principles	116	(1)
Measures of Association	117	(1)
Sources of Epidemiologic Data	118	(1)
Comparisons of Rates	118	(1)
Types of Rates	118	(1)
Inferential Statistics	119	(1)
Overview of Study Designs	120	(1)
Bias and Confounding in Epidemiologic Studies	121	(1)
Screening	122	(1)
Overview of Toxicologic Terms and Principles	123	(1)
Major Exposure Routes	124	(1)
The Dose-Response Relationship	125	(1)
Nature of Effects	125	(1)
The Fate of Toxins in the Body	126	(1)
Endogenous and Exogenous Host Factors	126	(2)
Examples of Work-Related Exposures and Their Effects	128	(6)
Overview of Industrial Hygiene	134	(1)
Sources of Information to Facilitate Hazard Recognition	134	(1)
Sampling Methods	135	(1)
Airborne Contaminants	135	(1)
Control Strategies for Occupational Exposures	136	(1)
Overview of Ergonomic Terms and Principles	136	(1)
Musculoskeletal Disorders	136	(1)
Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Problems	137	(1)
High-Risk Jobs	138	(1)
Evaluating Risk Factors	138	(1)
Ergonomic Improvements	139	(1)
Occupational Injury Epidemiology	139	(1)
Countermeasures	140	(1)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nurses	141	(1)
Effects of Social Conditions and Behavior on Health	142	(1)
Health Promotion and Risk Reduction	143	(4)
Principles of Administration and Management	147	(24)
Joy Wachs
Leadership	147	(1)
Strategic Planning	148	(2)
The Management Process	150	(2)
The Organization: Its Culture, Climate, and Structure	152	(1)
Policies and Procedures	153	(1)
Fiscal Issues: Budgeting and Resource Management	154	(2)
Human Resources Issues	156	(4)
Communication	160	(1)
Project Management	161	(1)
Time Management	162	(1)
Critical Thinking	162	(1)
The Image of the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	163	(1)
Application of Ethics to Decision-Making	163	(1)
Outcomes Management	164	(1)
Benchmarking	164	(1)
Total Quality Management	165	(6)
Information Management in the Occupational Health Setting	171	(18)
Mary Amann
Introduction to Nursing Informatics	171	(1)
Tools Available to the Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse	172	(1)
Selecting and Implementing Information Management Systems	173	(8)
The Internet	181	(2)
Intranets	183	(1)
Office Management Programs	184	(1)
Implications for Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	185	(4)
SECTION TWO Strategies and Approaches to Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing Practice	189	(202)
Developing, Implementing, and Evaluating a Comprehensive Occupational Health and Safety Program	191	(18)
Karin Myerson
Jane Parker-Conrad
Assessment	191	(2)
Program Planning	193	(1)
Program Implementation	194	(2)
The Evaluation Process	196	(1)
Structure, Process, and Outcome	197	(5)
Methods of Evaluation	202	(1)
Cost-Effective and Cost-Benefit Programs	203	(1)
Other Health and Safety Program Considerations	204	(5)
Prevention of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses	209	(38)
Marilyn Hau
Recognition and identification	209	(1)
First Steps in a Prevention Program	209	(1)
Methods of Identifying Hazards	210	(8)
Hazard evaluation and analysis	218	(1)
Purpose of Hazard Evaluation and Analysis	218	(1)
Industry Standards	219	(2)
Exposure Monitoring	221	(3)
Occupational Health Surveillance	224	(1)
Worker Populations Analysis	225	(3)
Prevention and control	228	(1)
Indentifying Appropriate Prevention and Control Approach	228	(1)
Prevention and Control Approaches That Focus on Engineering Controls	228	(6)
Prevention and Control Approaches That Focus on Administrative Controls	234	(5)
Prevention and Control Approaches That Focus on Personal Productive Equipment	239	(8)
Direct Care in the Occupational Setting	247	(24)
Barbara Burgel
Definition of Terms	247	(1)
Overview of Direct Care	248	(3)
Health History	251	(4)
The Physical Evaluation	255	(1)
Clinical Decision Making	256	(1)
Practice Guidelines	257	(1)
Application of Levels of Prevention to Direct Care Activities	258	(9)
Evaluating Outcomes	267	(4)
Disability Case Management	271	(22)
Mary Lou Wassel
Jean Randolph
Kay Stepler
Sandy Winzeler
Case Management	271	(1)
Important Case Management Terms	271	(2)
Historical Perspective	273	(2)
Practice Settings for Case Management Services	275	(1)
Team Roles and Responsibilities	275	(3)
Steps in Program Development	278	(4)
Return to Work	282	(6)
Integrated Disability Management Programs	288	(1)
Federal Acts	289	(1)
Delivery Models	289	(4)
Health Promotion and Adult Education	293	(34)
Kay N. Campbell
Overview of Health Promotion	293	(1)
National Health Promotion Objectives	294	(1)
Health Models	295	(1)
Behavior Change Theories and Models	296	(2)
Levels of Prevention	298	(1)
Framework for a Health Promotion Program	298	(4)
Lifestyle and Health Promotion	302	(2)
Employee Assistance Programs	304	(3)
Introduction to Adult Education	307	(3)
Philosophies of Adult Education	310	(1)
Motivating Adults to Learn	310	(4)
Teaching Methods and Techniques	314	(4)
Effective Presentations	318	(9)
Managing Psychosocial Factors in the Occupational Setting	327	(16)
Mary K. Salazar
Randal D. Beaton
Overview of Psychosocial Factors	327	(1)
Psychosocial Hazards	328	(5)
Occupational Stress	333	(1)
Effects of Stress on Workers	334	(1)
Effects of Stress on Organizatioins	335	(1)
Occupational Stress Models	335	(1)
An Ecologic Approach to Occupational Stress	336	(2)
Managing Psychosocial Factors in the Workplace	338	(2)
Evaluating Interventions Targeting Adverse Effects of Psychosocial Factors	340	(3)
Examples of Occupational Health and Safety Programs	343	(48)
Janet DeCarteret
Marilyn Hau
Michelle Kom Gochnour
International travel health and safety program	343	(1)
Purposes of an International Travel Health and Safety Program	343	(1)
Employer's Responsibilities to Traveling Employees	343	(1)
Occupational and Environmental Health Nurse's Responsibilities	344	(1)
Traveler's Responsibilites	344	(1)
Health and Safety Education for Travel	345	(1)
Conrol of Prevalent Communicable Diseases	346	(2)
Post-Travel Evaluation for Long-Term Travelers	348	(1)
Hearing-loss prevention program	349	(1)
Noise-Induced Hearing Loss	349	(1)
Purposes of a Hearing-Loss Prevention Program	349	(1)
Management's Role in an HLPP	350	(1)
The Role of the Hearing-Loss Prevention Coordinator	350	(1)
The Role of Workers	351	(1)
Program Requirements	351	(1)
Noise Assessment and Control	351	(1)
Worker Training and Education	352	(2)
Hearing Protection Devices	354	(1)
Audiometric Testing	355	(2)
Record Keeping	357	(1)
Program Evaluation	357	(1)
Hazard communication program	357	(1)
Purposes of a Hazard Communications Program	358	(1)
Management's Role	358	(1)
Description of the Program	358	(1)
Elements of the HazCom Program	359	(1)
Material Safety Data Sheets	360	(1)
Trade Secrets	360	(1)
Container Labeling and Warning Requirements	361	(1)
Record Keeping	361	(1)
Evaluation	361	(1)
Drug and alcohol testing program	361	(1)
Purposes of a Drug and Alcohol Testing Program	362	(1)
Preliminary Considerations	362	(1)
Program Components	363	(1)
Employee Assistance Programs	363	(1)
Training and Education	364	(1)
The Drug Free Workplace Act of 1998	364	(1)
Elements of a Drug and Alcohol Testing Program	365	(2)
Consequences of Drug and Alcohol Abuse	367	(1)
Emergency preparedness/disaster plan	367	(1)
Purposes of an Emergency Preparedness/Disaster Plan	367	(1)
The Scope of the Plan	368	(1)
Program Responsibilities	368	(3)
General Emergency Procedures	371	(2)
Specfic Emergency Procedures	373	(1)
Recovery Procedures	374	(1)
Program Maintenance	375	(1)
Appendices to Include in a Written Plan	376	(1)
Ergonomics programs	377	(1)
Overview of Ergonomics	377	(1)
Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders	378	(1)
Ergonomic Regulation	378	(1)
Purposes of an Ergonomics Program	379	(1)
Program Components	379	(5)
Training and Education	384	(1)
Health Care Management	385	(1)
Documentation and Recordkeeping	385	(1)
Program Evaluation	386	(5)
SECTION THREE Advancing Professionalism in Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	391	(2)
Environmental Health	393	(1)
Jane Lipscomb
Barbara Sattler
Introduction	393	(1)
Environmental Health Assessment	395	(1)
Children and Environmental Health	396	(2)
Environmental Justice and Advocacy	398	(1)
Risk Assessment, Risk Management, and Risk Communication	399	(2)
Federal Agencies	401	(2)
Accessing Information and the ``Right to Know''	403	(1)
Environmental health risks across settings	404	(1)
Environmental Health Risks in the Home	404	(2)
Environmental Risks in Schools	406	(1)
Environmental Risks in the Community	406	(2)
Environmental Risks at Work	408	(1)
Nurses' roles in environmental health	408	(1)
General Environmental Health Competency for Nurses	408	(1)
The Institute of Medicine's Recommendations on Nursing Practice, Education, Research, and Advocacy	409	(2)
Research	411	(1)
Bonnie Rogers
Professional Mandates for Research	411	(1)
Research Roles of Occupational and Environmental Health Nurses by Education Level	411	(1)
Purposes of Research	412	(1)
Ethics in Research	412	(1)
Research Development	413	(5)
Research Dissemination	418	(1)
Research Utilization	418	(1)
Research Priorities	418	(1)
Evaluating Research	419	(2)
Funding Research	421	(4)
Professional Issues: Advancing the Specialty	425	(1)
Eleanor McCarthy Chamberlin
Elizabeth Lawhorn
Professional Associations	425	(1)
Professional Credentialing in Nursing	426	(1)
Competency in Occupational and Environmental Health Nursing	427	(1)
Strategies for Advancing the Discipline and Practice	428	(5)
Role Expansion	433	(1)
Partnerships in Occupational and Environmental Health	434	(3)
APPENDIXES
Appendix I Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety Resources	437	(6)
Appendix II Glossary	443	(7)
Appendix III Acronyms	450	(5)
Appendix IV Web Sites	455	(3)
Appendix V Occupational Safety and Health Administration Act of 1970	458	(2)
Appendix VI American Association of Occupational Health Nurses Code of Ethics	460	(1)
Appendix VII Occupational and Environmental Health and Safety Legislation	461