Cracking the SAT II: Biology E/M, 2001-2002 Edition

by WRIGHT, JUDENE

• ISBN13: 9780375761812
• ISBN10: 0375761810
• Format: Trade Paper
• Copyright: 2001-03-01
• Publisher: Princeton Review

Summary

The Princeton Review realizes that acing the SAT II: Biology E/M exam is very different from getting straight As in school. They don't try to teach students everything there is to know about biology--only what they'll need to score higher on the exam.There's a big difference. InCracking the SAT II: Biology E/M, The Princeton Review will teach test takers how to think like the test makers and: * Score higher by reviewing key biology concepts * Earn more points by becoming familiar with the format of the test * Safeguard against test traps that can lower scores * Perfect skills by practicing review questions in each chapter *** This book includes 2 full-length simulated SAT II: Biology E/M exams. All of the sample test questions are just like the ones test takers will see on the actual exam, and every solution is fully explained. Contents Include: I Introduction Point 1: Approaching the Test Strategically Point 2: Teaching You the Biology You Need to Know to do Well on the Exam II The Exam Format, Question Types, and Strategies The Format Classification Questions Five-Choice Questions Laboratory Five-Choice Questions Strategy 1: Study the Right Stuff the Right Way Strategy 2: Practice the Right Stuff at the Right Time Strategy 3: Easy Stuff First Strategy 4: Take a Guess, but Guess Smart Strategy 5: Choosing the "Wrong" Answer--Least/Except/Not Questions Strategy 6: I, II, III--You're Out! Strategy 7: Avoid the Camouflage Trap Strategy 8: Avoiding the Temptation Trap--Predict an Answer Strategy Summary Special Tips for Laboratory Five-Choice Questions III Cracking Cellular and Molecular Biology Biologically Important Macromolecule #1: Protein Biologically Important Macromolecule #2: Carbohydrate Biologically Important Macromolecule #3: Lipid Biologically Important Macromolecule #4: Nucleic Acid Eukaryotic Cell Structure What Goes On in the Cytoplasm: Chemical Reactions and Enzymes Time to Talk about Cellular Respiration Glycolysis The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC) The Krebs Cycle Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation What Happens if Oxygen is NOT Available? DNA Replicates Itself Chromosomes How chromosomes Govern Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation More About Translation How Translation Works, Part 1: tRNA How Translation Works, Part 2: The Ribosome How a Whole Cell Reproduces Itself: Mitosis IV Cracking Genetics Remember Why Chromosomes are Important The Formation of Gametes: Meiosis Let's Get Back to Genetics Phenotype and Genes Mating and Crossing Punnett Squares Sex and Sex-Linked Traits Pedigree Analysis V Cracking Evolution and Diversity The Origin of Life Evolution Getting Organized: Phylogeny Kingdom Monera Kingdom Protista Kingdom Plantae Kingdom Fungi Kingdom Animalia VI Cracking the Structure and Functions of Organisms Control of the Body, Part 1--The Nervous System Control of the Body, Part 2--The Endocrine System Transport Within the Body--The Circulatory System Blood Typing The Heart Ventilation and Gas Exchange Body Processing, Part 1--The Digestive System Body Processing, Part 2-- The Urinary system Support and Protection of the Body, Part 1--The Skeletal System Support and Protection of the Body, Part 2--The Muscular System Support and Protection of the Body, Part 3--The Skin Reproduction and Development, Part 1--The Male System Reproduction and Development, Part 2--The Female System Reproduction and Development, Part 3--Fertilization, Embryology, and Fetal Development The Structures and Functions of Plants Behavior, Learning, and Coexistence The Structures and Functions of Microorganisms VII Cracking Ecology What is a Population? What is a Co

Author Biography

<b>Judene Wright </b>holds a master's degree in physiology and biophysics from the University of California, Irvine, and a bachelor's degree in animal physiology from the University of California, San Diego. Judene is a senior lecturer in biology with The Princeton Review, and is the senior biology developer and editor for The Princeton Review Hyperlearning medical-based preparatory courses (MCAT, DAT, OAT, and MedStart). She has developed The Princeton Review SAT II Biology E/M preparatory course, and is also involved in training new instructors for The Princeton Review. She also teaches anatomy, physiology, and biochemistry at several universities and community colleges in California.

Table of Contents

Introduction	1	(6)
Approaching the Test Strategically	2	(1)
Teaching You the Biology You Neeed to Know to do Well on the Exam	3	(4)
The Exam Format, Question Types, and Strategies	7	(16)
The Format	7	(1)
Classification Questions	8	(1)
Five-Choice Questions	9	(2)
Laboratory Five-Choice Questions	11	(1)
Study the Right Stuff in the Right Way	12	(1)
Practice the Right Stuff at the Right Time	13	(1)
Easy Stuff First	14	(1)
Take a Guess, but Guess Smart	14	(1)
Chossing the ``Wrong'' Answer --- Least/Except/Not Questions	15	(1)
I, II, III --- You're Out!	15	(1)
Avoid the Camouflage Trap	16	(1)
Avoiding the Temptation Trap---Predict an Answer	17	(4)
Summary	21	(1)
Special Tips for Laboratory Five-Choice Questions	22	(1)
Cracking Cellular and Molecular Biology	23	(62)
Biologically Important Macromolecule #1: Protein	25	(4)
Biologically Important Macromolecule #2: Carbohydrate	29	(3)
Biologically Important Macromolecule #3: Lipid	32	(5)
Biologically Important Macromolecule #4: Nucleic Acid	37	(5)
Eukaryotic Cell Structure	42	(10)
What Goes On in the Cytoplasm: Chemical Reactions and Enzymes	52	(2)
Time to Talk about Cellular Respiration	54	(2)
Glycolysis	56	(1)
The Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex (PDC)	57	(1)
The Krebs Cycle	58	(2)
Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation	60	(4)
What Happens if Oxygen is NOT Available?	64	(1)
DNA Replicates Itself	65	(2)
Chromosomes	67	(2)
How Chromosomes Govern Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation More About Translation	69	(5)
How Translation Works, Part 1: tRNA	74	(1)
How Translation Works, Part 2: The Ribosome	75	(4)
How a Whole Cell Reproduces Itself: Mitosis	79	(6)
Cracking Genetics	85	(30)
Remeber Why Chromosomes are Important: They Contain Genes	85	(1)
The Formation of Gametes: Meiosis	86	(8)
Let's Go Back to Genetics	94	(1)
Phenotype and Genes	95	(3)
Mating and Crossing: Predicting the Offsprings' Phenotypes and Genotypes	98	(3)
Punnett Squares	101	(5)
Sex and Sex-Linked Traits	106	(4)
Pedigree Analysis	110	(5)
Cracking Evolution and Diversity	115	(18)
The Origin of Life	116	(1)
Evolution	117	(5)
Getting Organized: Phylogeny	122	(2)
Kingdom Monera	124	(1)
Kingdom Protista	125	(1)
Kingdom Plantae	126	(2)
Kingdom Fungi	128	(1)
Kingdom Animalia	128	(5)
Cracking the Structures and Functions of Organisms	133	(88)
Control of the Body, Part 1 --- The Nervous System	134	(12)
Control of the Body, Part 2 --- The Endocrine System	146	(10)
Transport Within the Body --- The Circulatory System	156	(2)
Blood Typing	158	(7)
The Heart	165	(3)
Ventilation and Gas Exchange---The Respiratory System	168	(7)
Body Processing, Part 1 --- The Digestive System	175	(8)
Body Processing, Part 2 --- The Urinary System	183	(5)
Support and Protection of the Body, Part 1 --- The Skeletal System	188	(1)
Support and Protection of the Body, Part 2 --- The Muscular System	189	(3)
Support and Protection of the Body, Part 3 --- The Skin	192	(4)
Reproduction and Development, Part 1 --- The Male System	196	(1)
Reproduction and Development, Part 2 --- The Female System	197	(3)
Reproduction and Development, Part 3 --- Fertilization, Embryology, and Fetal Development	200	(4)
The Structures and Functions of Plants	204	(8)
Behavior, Learning, and Coexistence	212	(5)
The Structures and Functions of Microorganisms	217	(4)
Cracking Ecology	221	(18)
What is a Population?	222	(2)
What is a Community?	224	(2)
More about the Community --- Who's Who	226	(3)
Let's Talk about Ecological Succession	229	(1)
Getting Bigger --- The Ecosystem	230	(1)
What Goes Around Comes Around --- Nutrient Cycles	230	(3)
Getting Bigger Again --- Biomes	233	(6)
The Princeton Review SAT II: Biology E/M Subject Test/A	239	(20)
Explanations for the SAT II: Biology E/M Subject Test/A	259	(12)
The Princeton Review SAT II: Biology E/M Subject Test/B	271	(24)
Explanations for the SAT II: Biology E/M Subject Test/B	295	(16)
Answers to In-Chapter Questions	311