Part I: THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM | |
1. Criminal Justice Today | |
What is Crime? The Criminal Justice System | |
Values of the Criminal Justice System | |
Trends and Issues in Criminal Justice Today | |
2. Measuring and Explaining Crime | |
The Uniform Crime Report | |
Alternative Measuring Methods | |
Misuse of Crime Statistics | |
Crime Trends and Patterns | |
Exploring the Causes of Crime | |
3. Criminal Law | |
The Development of American Criminal Law | |
Written Sources of American Criminal Law | |
The Purpose of Criminal Law | |
Classification of Crimes | |
The Elements of a Crime | |
The Legal Definition of Crime | |
Criminal Responsibility and the Law | |
Justification Criminal Defenses and the Law | |
Procedural Safeguards | |
Part II: THE POLICE | |
4. Police: Agents of Law and Order | |
A History of the American Police | |
Law Enforcement Agencies | |
The Responsibilities of the Police | |
The Role of Discretion in Policing | |
5. Policing: Organization and Strategies | |
Police Organization | |
Police on Patrol: The Backbone of the Department | |
Police Investigations: The Crime Scene and Beyond | |
Refocusing on the Community | |
6. Police and the Rule of Law | |
The Fourth Amendment | |
Stops and Frisks | |
Arrests | |
Lawful Searches and Seizures | |
The Interrogation Process and Miranda | |
The Identification Process | |
7. Challenges to Effective Policing | |
Recruitment and Training: Becoming a Police Officer | |
"Us versus Them:" Police Subculture | |
The Physical and Mental Dangers of Police Work | |
Authority and the Use of Force | |
Police Corruption | |
Police Ethics | |
Police Accountability | |
Part III: CRIMINAL COURTS | |
8. Courts and the Quest for Justice | |
Functions of the Courts | |
The Basic Principles of the American Judicial System | |
State Court Systems | |
The Federal Court System | |
Judges in the Court System | |
The Courtroom Work Group | |
Assembly-line Justice and American Courts | |
9. Pretrial Procedures: The Adversary System in Action | |
The Prosecution | |
The Defense Attorney | |
Truth, Victory, and the Adversary System | |
Pretrial Detention | |
Establishing Probable Cause | |
The Prosecutorial Screening Process | |
Pleading Guilty | |
Going to Trial | |
10. The Criminal Trial | |
Special Features of Criminal Trials | |
Jury Selection | |
The Trial | |
The Final Steps of the Trial and Postconviction Procedures | |
11. Punishment and Sentencing | |
The Purpose of Sentencing | |
The Structure of Sentencing | |
Individualized Justice and the Judge | |
Inconsistencies in Sentencing | |
Sentencing Reform | |
Capital Punishment: The Ultimate Sentence | |
Part IV: CORRECTIONS | |
12. Probation and Community Corrections | |
The Justification for Community Corrections | |
Probation: Doing Time in the Community | |
Intermediate Sanctions | |
The Future of Community Corrections | |
13. Prisons and Jails | |
A Short History of American Prisons | |
The Prison Population Bomb | |
The Role of Prisons in Society | |
Types of Prisons | |
Prison Administration | |
The Emergence of Private Prisons | |
Jails | |
The Consequences of Our High Rates of Incarceration | |
14. Behind Bars: The Life of an Inmate | |
Prison Culture | |
Prison Violence | |
Correctional Officers and Discipline | |
Protecting Prisoners' Rights | |
The Prison Workforce | |
Parole And Release From Prison | |
Too Dangerous For Release? PART V: SPECIAL ISSUES | |
15. The Juvenile Justice System | |
The Evolution of American Juvenile Justice | |
Determining Delinquency Today | |
First Contact: Delinquents and the Police | |
Pretrial Procedures in Juvenile Justice | |
Juveniles on Trial | |
Juvenile Corrections | |
Recent Trends in Juvenile Delinquency | |
Factors in Juvenile Delinquency | |
Keeping Juvenile Delinquency Under Control | |
16. The Ongoing War against Illegal Drugs | |
Drugs Defined | |
Prohibition in the United States | |
The Abuse of Drugs | |
Fighting the War on Drugs | |
Alternatives to Prohibition | |
Public Support for the War on Drugs | |
17. Cyber Crime | |
Cyber Crimes against Persons and Property | |
Cyber Crimes in the Business World | |
Cyber Crimes against the Community | |
Fighting Cyber Crime | |
Crime Control versus Civil Liberties on the Internet |