Criminal Justice Today: An Introductory Text for the Twenty-First Century

by Schmalleger, Frank; Petersilia, Joan

• ISBN13: 9780130851482
• ISBN10: 0130851485
• Edition: 6th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2000-06-01
• Publisher: Pearson College Div

Summary

For Introduction to Criminal Justice, Administration of Justice, and Criminal Justice courses at the freshman/sophomore/junior undergraduate levels. This text strives to teach criminal justice students the fundamental tried-and-true concepts of an evolving discipline, give them the critical thinking skills necessary to effectively apply those concepts to the real-world, and to apply those concepts and skills to today's problems and emerging issues of tomorrow. The Sixth Edition offers a stellar multimedia package with the text, including a Companion Website; a Cybrary providing thousands of current Websites to facilitate research, writing, and learning; and online teaching options such as WebCT. The #1 best-selling book for introduction to criminal justice!

Table of Contents

A Guide to Key Features	iv
About the Author	vi
Preface	vii
To the Student	ix
Acknowledgments	xxiv
Foreword	xxvi
Part 1 Crime In America	1	(164)
What Is Criminal Justice?	2	(28)
Justice And Criminal Justice	4	(9)
The Focus of This Book---Individual Rights and Public Order	6	(4)
Perspectives on Criminal Justice and the Theme of This Book	10	(1)
Social Justice	11	(2)
American Criminal Justice: The System	13	(3)
The Consensus Model	13	(1)
The Conflict Model	13	(1)
Theory Into Practice Is The Criminal Justice System Racist?	14	(2)
American Criminal Justice: The Process	16	(5)
Investigation and Arrest	16	(1)
Booking	16	(2)
First Appearance	18	(1)
Preliminary Hearing	18	(1)
Information or Indictment	19	(1)
Arraignment	19	(1)
Trial	19	(1)
Sentencing	20	(1)
Corrections	20	(1)
Probation and Parole	21	(1)
Due Process And Individual Rights	21	(2)
The Role of the Courts in Defining Rights	21	(2)
Criminal Justice And Criminology	23	(2)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Research And Professionalism	24	(1)
Things To Come: An Overview of This Book	25	(5)
Summary	25	(1)
APB NEWS Genetic Crime: Baby Parts, Cloned Children for Sale	26	(1)
Discussion Questions	27	(1)
Web Quest!	27	(1)
Library Extras!	27	(3)
The Crime Picture	30	(46)
Introduction: Sources of Data	32	(2)
Crime Data and Social Policy	33	(1)
Collecting Crime Data	34	(1)
The Uniform Crime Reports	34	(22)
Development of the UCR Program	34	(1)
Historical Trends	35	(1)
UCR Terminology	36	(4)
Part I Offeneses	40	(2)
APB NEWS One in Five U. S. Women Faces Rape	42	(4)
Theory Into Practice Guns, Crime, And Gun Control	46	(5)
Part II Offenses	51	(1)
NIBRS: The New UCR	51	(2)
Hate Crimes	53	(3)
Theory Into Practice Hate Crimes	56	(1)
The National Crime Victimization Survey	56	(2)
Problems with the NCVS	58	(1)
Comparisons of the UCR and the NCVS	58	(1)
Emerging Patterns of Criminal Activity	58	(3)
The Fear of Crime	60	(1)
Women and Crime	61	(4)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Gender Issues I: The Growing Recognition of Women's Rights And Gender-Based Violence	63	(2)
The Economic Cost of Crime	65	(11)
Theory Into Practice The Media's Impact On The Public's Fear of Crime	66	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Gender Issues II: The Growing Recognition of Women's Rights And Gender-Based Violence	67	(1)
Drugs and Crime	68	(1)
The Elderly and Crime	68	(1)
Organized Crime	69	(2)
Summary	71	(1)
Discussion Questions	72	(1)
Web Quest!	72	(1)
Library Extras!	72	(4)
The Search for Causes	76	(40)
Why Is There Crime?	78	(2)
Criminological Theory	80	(5)
The Classical School	85	(1)
Crime and Punishment	85	(1)
Cesare Beccaria
Hedonistic Calculus	85	(1)
Jeremy Bentham
Social Policy and Classical Theories	85	(1)
Biological Theories	86	(4)
Phrenology	86	(1)
Franz Joseph Gall
Atavism	87	(1)
Cesare Lombroso
Criminal Families	88	(1)
APB NEWS ``Delinquency Genes'' Identified?	89	(1)
Somatotypes	90	(1)
William Sheldon
Social Policy and Biological Theories	90	(1)
Psychobiological Theories	90	(3)
Chromosome Theory	90	(1)
Biochemical Factors and Imbalances	91	(1)
Heredity and Environment	92	(1)
Social Policy and Psychobiological Theories	93	(1)
Psychological Theories	93	(5)
Behavioral Conditioning	94	(1)
Freudian Psychoanalysis	94	(1)
Psychopathology and Crime	95	(1)
The Psychotic Offender	96	(1)
Psychological Profiling	96	(1)
Social Policy and Psychological Theories	96	(2)
Sociological Theories	98	(4)
Social Ecology Theory	98	(1)
Anomie Theory	98	(1)
Subcultural Theory	99	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice The Physical Environment and Crime	100	(1)
Social Policy and Sociological Theories	101	(1)
Social-Psychological Theories	102	(2)
Differential Association Theory	102	(1)
Restraint Theories	103	(1)
Conflict Theories	104	(2)
Radical Criminology	105	(1)
Peacemaking Criminology	106	(1)
Social Policy and Conflict Theories	106	(1)
The Phenomenological School	106	(2)
Labeling Theory	107	(1)
Emergent Theories	108	(8)
Summary	109	(1)
Discussion Questions	110	(1)
Web Quest!	110	(1)
Library Extras!	110	(6)
Criminal Law	116	(49)
Sources of Modern Criminal Law	118	(1)
The Nature of Law	119	(1)
The Development of Law	119	(4)
The Code of Hammurabi	119	(1)
Early Roman Law	120	(1)
Common Law	120	(1)
The Magna Carta	121	(1)
The U. S. Constitution	121	(1)
Natural Law	122	(1)
The Rule of Law	123	(1)
Purposes of The Law	123	(4)
Theory Into Practice The Assault On Abortion Clinics---The Confusing Role of Natural Law	125	(1)
Social Engineering	126	(1)
Social Conflict	126	(1)
Types of Law	127	(7)
Criminal Law	127	(1)
Theory Into Practice What Do Laws Do? The Functions of Laws	127	(1)
Civil Law	128	(3)
Administrative Law	131	(1)
APB NEWS Class-Action Suit to Target N. J. Police	132	(1)
Case Law	133	(1)
Procedural Law	133	(1)
General Categories of Crime	134	(2)
Felonies	134	(1)
Misdemeanors	134	(1)
Offenses	134	(1)
Treason	135	(1)
Inchoate Offenses	135	(1)
General Features of Crime	136	(4)
The Criminal Act (Actus Reus)	136	(1)
A Guilty Mind (Mens Rea)	137	(1)
Concurrence	138	(1)
Causation	138	(1)
Harm	139	(1)
Legality	139	(1)
Punishment	139	(1)
Necessary Attendant Circumstances	140	(1)
Elements of a Specific Criminal Offense	140	(3)
The Example of Murder	140	(2)
The Corpus Delicti of a Crime	142	(1)
Types of Defenses to a Criminal Charge	143	(22)
Alibi	143	(1)
Justifications	143	(3)
Excuses	146	(6)
Procedural Defenses	152	(4)
Innovative Defenses	156	(4)
Summary	160	(1)
Discussion Questions	160	(1)
Web Quest!	160	(1)
Library Extras!	161	(4)
Part 2 Policing	165	(124)
Policing: History and Structure	166	(30)
Historical Development of the Police	168	(9)
English Roots	168	(2)
The Early American Experience	170	(3)
The Last Half Century	173	(4)
American Law Enforcement Today: From the Federal to the Local Level	177	(9)
Federal Law Enforcement Agencies	177	(3)
State-Level Agencies	180	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice NCIC---2000	181	(2)
Local Agencies	183	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Cybercops	184	(2)
Private Protective Services	186	(10)
The Development of Private Policing	187	(1)
The Private System of Justice	188	(1)
The Professionalization of Private Security	189	(1)
Integrating Public and Private Security	190	(1)
Theory Into Practice Ethics In Private Security	191	(1)
Summary	191	(1)
Discussion Questions	192	(1)
Web Quest!	192	(1)
Library Extras!	192	(4)
Police Management	196	(46)
Contemporary Policing: The Administrative Perspective	198	(9)
Styles of Policing	198	(2)
Police-Community Relations	200	(7)
Contemporary Policing: The Individual Officer	207	(2)
Contemporary Policing: Issues And Challenges	209	(19)
Police Personality and Culture	209	(2)
Corruption	211	(5)
The Dangers of Police Work	216	(2)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice ``Smart Guns'' and Line-of-Duty Deaths	218	(4)
Police Civil Liability	222	(2)
Theory Into Practice An Example of Police Civil Liability: The Case of Bernard McCummings	224	(2)
Theory Into Practice Title 42, U. S. Code, Section 1983	226	(2)
Theory Into Practice The FBI's Policy On The Use of Deadly Force	228	(1)
Professionalism and Ethics	228	(14)
Educational Requirements	229	(1)
Theory Into Practice The Law Enforcement Code of Ethics	230	(1)
Recruitment and Selection	231	(1)
APB NEWS Study: Blacks Distrust Police	232	(3)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Police	235	(1)
Summary	236	(1)
Discussion Questions	236	(1)
Web Quest!	237	(1)
Library Extras!	237	(5)
Policing: Legal Aspects	242	(47)
The Abuse of Police Power	244	(4)
A Changing Legal Climate	246	(2)
Individual Rights	248	(1)
Due Process Requirements	248	(1)
Search and Seizure	249	(9)
The Exclusionary Rule	249	(2)
The Warren Court (1953--1969)	251	(2)
The Burger (1969--1986) and Rehnquist (1986-Present) Courts	253	(3)
Theory Into Practice Plain-View Requirements	256	(2)
Arrest	258	(9)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice The Computer Errors Exception to the Exclusionary Rule	259	(1)
Searches Incident to Arrest	260	(2)
Emergency Searches of Persons	262	(1)
Vehicle Searches	263	(2)
Suspicionles Searches	265	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Search Warrants by Fax	266	(1)
The Intelligence Function	267	(22)
Informants	267	(1)
Police Interrogation	268	(2)
Theory Into Practice Individual Rights versus Group Interests: The Fourth Amendment and Sobriety Checkpoints	270	(1)
The Right to a Lawyer at Interrogation	271	(1)
Suspect Rights: The Miranda Decision	271	(2)
APB NEWS Few Silent on Decision to Revisit Miranda	273	(2)
Theory Into Practice Adult Rights Warning	275	(3)
Theory Into Practice The Miranda Triggers	278	(1)
Gathering Special Kinds of Nontestimonial Evidence	278	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice High-Technology Searches	279	(2)
Electronic Eavesdropping	281	(2)
Summary	283	(1)
Discussion Questions	283	(1)
Web Quest!	283	(1)
Library Extras!	284	(5)
Part 3 Adjudication	289	(118)
The Courts	290	(28)
Introduction	292	(1)
American Court History	292	(14)
State Court Development	294	(1)
State Court Systems Today	295	(6)
The Rise of the Federal Courts	301	(5)
Pretrial Activities	306	(12)
First Appearance	306	(5)
The Grand Jury	311	(1)
The reliminary Hearing	311	(1)
Arraignment and the Plea	312	(2)
Summary	314	(1)
Discussion Questions	314	(1)
Web Quest!	315	(1)
Library Extras!	315	(3)
The Courtroom Work Group and the Criminal Trial	318	(44)
Introduction	320	(1)
The Courtroom Work Group: Professional Courtroom Actors	321	(14)
The Judge	321	(2)
The Prosecuting Attorney	323	(1)
APB NEWS Prosecutor Becomes Abused Girl's Angel	324	(3)
The Defense Counsel	327	(3)
Theory Into Practice Gideon v. Wainwright and Indigent Defense	330	(1)
The Bailiff	331	(1)
Local Court Administrators	332	(1)
The Court Recorder	333	(1)
Theory Into Practice American Bar Association Standards of Professional Responsibility	333	(1)
The Clerk of Court	334	(1)
The Expert Witness	334	(1)
Outsiders: Nonprofessional Courtroom Participants	335	(4)
Lay Witnesses	335	(1)
Jurors	336	(1)
The Role of the Victim in a Criminal Trial	336	(1)
The Role of the Defendant in a Criminal Trial	337	(2)
The Press in the Courtroom	339	(1)
The Criminal Trial	339	(17)
Trial Initiation: The Speedy Trial Act	341	(1)
Jury Selection	342	(3)
Opening Statements	345	(1)
Theory Into Practice Peremptory Challenges and Race	346	(1)
Theory Into Practice Pre-and Posttrial Motions	347	(1)
The Presentation of Evidence	348	(1)
Theory Into Practice ``Pleading the Fifth''	349	(3)
Closing Arguments	352	(1)
The Judge's Charge to the Jury	353	(1)
Jury Deliberations and the Verdict	353	(2)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Courtrooms of the Future	355	(1)
Improving the Adjudication Process	356	(6)
Summary	357	(1)
Discussion Questions	357	(1)
Web Quest!	357	(1)
Library Extras!	358	(4)
Sentencing	362	(45)
Crime and Punishment: Introduction	364	(1)
The Philosophy of Criminal Sentencing	365	(4)
Retribution	366	(1)
Incapacitation	367	(1)
Deterrence	367	(1)
Rehabilitation	367	(1)
Restoration	368	(1)
Indeterminate Sentencing	369	(2)
Problems with the Indeterminate Model	370	(1)
The Rise of Structured Sentencing	371	(3)
Critiques of Structured Sentencing	373	(1)
Theory Into Practice Aggravating and Mitigating Factors	374	(1)
Mandatory Sentencing	374	(2)
Truth in Sentencing	376	(1)
Federal Sentencing Guidelines	376	(2)
Federal Guideline Provisions	377	(1)
Plea Bargaining under the Guidelines	378	(1)
The Sentencing Environment	378	(1)
The Presentence Investigation Report	379	(2)
Theory Into Practice Three Strikes and You're Out: The Tough New Movement in Criminal Sentencing	380	(1)
The Victim---Forgotten No Longer	381	(5)
Victim-Impact Statements	382	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Is a Victim's Rights Amendment at Hand?	383	(3)
Traditional sentencing Options	386	(21)
Fines	386	(2)
Death: The Ultimate Sanction	388	(2)
APB NEWS I Watched a Murderer Die	390	(11)
Summary	401	(1)
Discussion Questions	401	(1)
Web Quest!	401	(1)
Library Extras!	402	(5)
Part 4 Corrections	407	(124)
Probation, Parole, and Community Corrections	408	(30)
Introduction to Community Corrections	410	(1)
What is Probation?	411	(3)
The Extent of Probation	412	(1)
Probation Conditions	412	(2)
What is Parole?	414	(1)
The Extent of Parole	414	(1)
Parole Conditions	415	(1)
Federal Parole	415	(1)
Probation and Parole: The Pluses and Minuses	415	(2)
Advantages of Probation and Parole	415	(1)
Disadvantages of Probation and Parole	416	(1)
The Legal Environment	417	(4)
APB NEWS The Bloody Saga of Leo Gonzales Wright	418	(3)
The Federal Probation System	421	(1)
The Job of Probation and Parole Officers	422	(1)
Difficulties with the Probation or Parole Officer's Job	422	(1)
Intermediate Sanctions	423	(7)
Split Sentencing	424	(1)
Shock Probation and Shock Parole	424	(1)
Shock Incarceration	425	(1)
Mixed Sentencing and Community Service	426	(1)
Intensive Supervision	426	(1)
Home Confinement and Electronic Monitoring	427	(1)
Individualized Innovations	428	(1)
Questions about Alternative Sanctions	429	(1)
The Future of Probation and Parole	430	(8)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Chemical Castration Becomes Law in California	431	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Probation Kiosks: High-Tech Supervision	432	(1)
Summary	432	(1)
Discussion Questions	433	(1)
Web Quest!	434	(1)
Library Extras!	434	(4)
Prisons and Jails	438	(52)
Early Punishments	440	(3)
Flogging	441	(1)
Mutilation	442	(1)
Branding	442	(1)
Public Humiliation	442	(1)
Workhouses	443	(1)
Exile	443	(1)
The Emergence of Prisons	443	(21)
The Penitentiar Era (1790--1825)	444	(1)
Theory Into Practice Chaplain James Finley's Letter from the Ohio Penitentiary, 1850	444	(2)
The Mass Prison Era (1825--1876)	446	(1)
The Reformatory Era (1876--1890)	447	(2)
Theory Into Practice An Early Texas Prison	449	(1)
The Industrial Era (1890--1935)	450	(2)
The Punitive Era (1935--1945)	452	(1)
The Treatment Era (1945--1967)	453	(1)
Theory Into Practice Alcatraz Federal Penitentiary	454	(2)
The Community-Based Era (1967--1980)	456	(1)
The Warehousing Era (1980--1995)	457	(4)
The Just Deserts Era (1995-Present)	461	(3)
Prisons Today	464	(8)
Security Levels	466	(1)
APB NEWS The ``Big House'' of the Future	467	(3)
The Federal Prison System	470	(1)
Recent Improvements	471	(1)
Jails	472	(8)
Women and Jail	473	(1)
Crowding in Jails	474	(1)
Direct Supervision Jails	475	(2)
Jails and the Future	477	(2)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice Jails and the Future	479	(1)
Theory Into Practice American Jail Association Code of Ethics for Jail Officers	480	(1)
Private Prisons	480	(10)
Theory Into Practice The Debate over Private Prisons---Some Questions Which Remain	482	(1)
Summary	483	(1)
Discussion Questions	483	(1)
Web Quest!	483	(1)
Library Extras!	484	(6)
Prison Life	490	(41)
Realities of Prison Life: The Male Inmate's World	492	(8)
Research on Prison Life---Total Institutions	492	(1)
Prison Subcultures	493	(1)
Theory Into Practice Prison Argot---The Language of Confinement	494	(1)
The Functions of Prison Society	495	(2)
Homosexuality in Prison	497	(1)
Prison Lifestyles and Inmate Types	497	(3)
Realities of Prison Life: The Staff World	500	(3)
Types of Correctional Officers	500	(1)
The Professionalization of Correctional Officers	501	(1)
Theory Into Practice Preamble to the American Correctional Association Code of Ethics	502	(1)
Prison Riots	503	(3)
Causes of Riots	504	(1)
Stages in Riots and Riot Control	505	(1)
Realities of Prison Life: Women in Prison	506	(4)
Social Structure in Women's Prisons	508	(1)
Types of Female Inmates	509	(1)
Violence in Women's Prisons	509	(1)
Theory Into Practice The Language of Women's Prisons	510	(1)
Prisoners' Rights	510	(10)
The Legal Basis of Prisoners' Rights	511	(1)
Precedents in Inmates' Rights	512	(6)
A Return to the Hands-Off Doctrine?	518	(2)
Issues Facing Prisons Today	520	(11)
AIDS	520	(1)
Geriatric Offenders	520	(3)
APB NEWS Should Elderly Convicts Be Kept in Prison?	523	(2)
Mentally Ill Inmates	525	(1)
Summary	525	(1)
Discussion Questions	526	(1)
Web Quest!	526	(1)
Library Extras!	526	(5)
Part 5 Special Issues	531	(159)
Juvenile Justice	532	(48)
Introduction	534	(4)
Juvenile Justice Throughout History	538	(7)
Earliest Times	538	(1)
Juveniles in Early America	538	(1)
The Institutional Era	539	(1)
The Juvenile Court Era	540	(4)
The Post--Juvenile Court Era	544	(1)
The Problems of Children Today	545	(12)
Drug and Alcohol Abuse	546	(1)
APB NEWS Cops: Girl, 11, Stabs Stranger in Street	547	(1)
Violence	548	(1)
Gangs	549	(2)
Theory Into Practice What Is a Gang?	551	(1)
Runaways	552	(1)
Sexual Abuse	553	(1)
Other Forms of Abuse	553	(1)
Teen Suicide	553	(1)
What Can Be Done?	554	(1)
Theory Into Practice Parents on Trial	555	(2)
Significant Court Decisions Affecting Juveniles	557	(8)
Kent v. U. S. (1966)	557	(1)
In re Gault (1967)	558	(1)
In re Winship (1970)	559	(1)
McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971)	560	(1)
Breed v. Jones (1975)	560	(1)
Schall v. Martin (1984)	561	(1)
Illinois v. Montanez (1996)	561	(1)
A Summary of Differences in Adult and Juvenile Justice	562	(1)
Theory Into Practice A Comparison of Adult and Juvenile Justice Systems in the United States	563	(1)
Other Legal Aspects of the Juvenile Justice Process	563	(1)
Legislation Concerning Juvenile Justice	564	(1)
The Juvenile Justice Process Today	565	(15)
How the System Works	566	(4)
Theory Into Practice Juvenile Courts Are Very Different from Adult Courts	570	(3)
Dissatisfaction with Today's System	573	(1)
Summary	573	(1)
Discussion Questions	574	(1)
Web Quest!	574	(1)
Library Extras!	575	(5)
Drugs and Crime	580	(40)
The Drug Problem and the Criminal Justice System	582	(5)
Drug Abuse: More Than an Individual Choice	582	(2)
APB NEWS Most Criminals Use Drugs, Study Finds	584	(1)
What Is a Drug?	584	(1)
Alcohol Abuse	585	(2)
A History of Drug Abuse in America	587	(9)
Theory Into Practice Drug Use and Abuse---Commonly Used Terms	588	(2)
Drug Use and Social Awareness	590	(1)
Antidrug Legislation	591	(5)
Theory Into Practice Drugs: What's in a Name?	596	(1)
What Are Drugs---And Who is Using Them?	596	(5)
Marijuana	597	(1)
Cocaine	598	(2)
Heroin	600	(1)
Drugs, Crime, and Social Problems	601	(4)
Drugs and Crime	601	(1)
Money Laundering	602	(1)
Narcoterrorism	603	(1)
Lost Productivity and Police Corruption	604	(1)
Solving the Drug Problem	605	(15)
Strict Enforcement	606	(1)
Asset Forfeiture	607	(2)
Interdiction	609	(1)
Crop Control	610	(1)
Education and Treatment	611	(1)
Legalization and Decriminalization	612	(1)
Twenty-First Century Criminal Justice A Trend toward Drug Legalization?	613	(2)
Summary	615	(1)
Discussion Questions	615	(1)
Web Quest!	615	(1)
Library Extras!	616	(4)
Multinational Criminal Justice	620	(30)
The International Perspective	622	(3)
Ethnocentrism and the Study of Criminal Justice	624	(1)
Problems with Data	624	(1)
The Chinese Justice System	625	(6)
Maoist Justice	625	(1)
Theory Into Practice Individual Rights Guaranteed under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China	626	(1)
Chinese Justice after Mao	626	(1)
The Chinese Justice System Today	626	(5)
Islamic Criminal Justice	631	(3)
The Hudud Crimes	631	(2)
The Tazir Crimes	633	(1)
Islamic Courts	633	(1)
Criminal Justice in England and Wales	634	(7)
Rates of Crime	634	(1)
The British Political System	635	(1)
Modern Criminal Law in England	635	(4)
Theory Into Practice Tradition in English Courts	639	(1)
Theory Into Practice Judicial Officers in England	640	(1)
International Criminal Justice Organizations	641	(9)
The Role of the United Nations in Criminal Justice	642	(1)
APB NEWS Global Cooperation Sought against Mobsters	643	(1)
Transnational Organized Crime	644	(1)
INTERPOL and Europol	645	(1)
Summary	646	(1)
Discussion Questions	646	(1)
Web Quest!	646	(1)
Library Extras!	647	(3)
The Future of Criminal Justice	650	(40)
Introduction	652	(2)
Technology and Criminal Justice	654	(21)
Criminalistics: Past, Present, and Future	655	(1)
Emerging Technologies in Criminalistics	656	(6)
APB NEWS Sneaky DNA Sample Wins Indictment	662	(3)
Problems in Implementation	665	(1)
Cybercrime: The New White-Collar Crime	665	(1)
APB NEWS Computer Crime Tops $100 Million	666	(4)
Theory Into Practice The Terminology of Computer and High-Technology Crime	670	(5)
Terrorism	675	(4)
Characteristics of Terrorism	677	(1)
Controlling Terrorism	677	(2)
Technology and Individual Rights	679	(11)
Technology and the First Amendment	679	(1)
Technology and the Second Amendment	679	(2)
Technology and the Fourth Amendment	681	(1)
Technology and the Fifth Amendment	682	(1)
Technology and the Sixth Amendment	683	(1)
Technology and the Eighth Amendment	683	(1)
Technology and the Fourteenth Amendment	684	(1)
Summary	684	(1)
Discussion Questions	685	(1)
Web Quest!	685	(1)
Library Extras!	685	(5)
Bill of Rights	690	(2)
List of Acronyms	692	(3)
Glossary	695	(24)
Case Index	719	(3)
Name Index	722	(6)
Subject Index	728