Criminal Law And Procedure For The Paralegal

by McCord, James W. H.; McCord, Sandra L.

• ISBN13: 9781401865641
• ISBN10: 140186564X
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2005-07-11
• Publisher: Cengage Learning

Summary

This text prepares paralegals in the principles of criminal law as well as in the practice skills needed daily in the law office. Presented in a clear, logical, outline format, Criminal Law and Procedure for the Paralegal: A Systems Approach, third , includes effective learning features such as charts, checklists, forms, documents, legal terminology, helpful web sites, and numerous illustrative case examples. A systems folder is also included to help build an impressive practice system of topically arranged forms, legal principles, rules, checklists, and other materials. This comprehensive text blends theory with practice and incorporates insights into the fascinating world of crime and criminals and the legal professionals who work within the justice system. The systems approach used continues to be one of the most popular features of this text, and the clear, concise, yet thorough presentation of concepts and skills leads to the development of a more thoughtful and accurate paralegal professional.

Table of Contents

Table of Exhibits	xix
Table of Cases	xxi
Preface	xxxv
Foundations of Criminal Law	3	(24)
Introduction	4	(1)
Overview of the Legal System	4	(2)
Rule of Law	4	(1)
The Constitution	4	(1)
Separation of Powers	5	(1)
Police Power	5	(1)
Criminal Law	6	(4)
Purpose of Criminal Law	6	(1)
Sources of Criminal Law	7	(1)
Model Penal Code	8	(1)
Administrative Crime	8	(1)
International Crime	8	(1)
Change in the Criminal Law	9	(1)
Divisions of Criminal Law	9	(1)
Due Process	9	(1)
Classification of Crimes	9	(1)
Punishment and Criminal Law	10	(3)
Introduction	10	(1)
Retribution	10	(1)
Deterrence	11	(1)
Rehabilitation	12	(1)
Critical Reason and Criminal Law	13	(2)
The Dilemma of Crime in a Free Society	15	(1)
Crime in the United States	15	(2)
Current State of Crime	15	(1)
Reasons for Drop in Crime	16	(1)
Special Concerns: Present and Future	16	(1)
Practical Considerations for the Study of Criminal Law	17	(1)
The Significance of Studying Criminal Law	17	(1)
About This Text: Applying State Law	18	(1)
The System Folder	18	(1)
Sample Cases	18	(3)
Case I	19	(1)
Case II	19	(1)
Case III	19	(1)
Case IV	20	(1)
Case V	20	(1)
Case VI	21	(1)
Conclusion	21	(6)
Administration of Criminal Justice and the Role of the Paralegal	27	(24)
Introduction	28	(1)
Law Enforcement Agencies	28	(1)
Prosecutorial Agencies	29	(1)
Defense Bar	30	(1)
Corrections Agencies	30	(1)
Criminal Court System	31	(5)
Court Structure	31	(1)
Jurisdiction	31	(1)
Criminal Procedure	32	(4)
Professional Ethics in Criminal Law Practice	36	(5)
Introduction	36	(1)
Adversary System	36	(1)
Role of the Prosecutor	37	(1)
Role of the Defense Attorney	38	(2)
Role of the Judge	40	(1)
Role of the Paralegal	41	(5)
Paralegal Tasks in Criminal Law Offices	41	(1)
Paralegal Ethical Responsibilities	42	(3)
Other Professional Considerations	45	(1)
Professional Development	45	(1)
Conclusion	46	(5)
Components of a Crime	51	(26)
Introduction	52	(1)
Harm or Likely Harm: The Classification of Crimes	52	(1)
Actus Reus	53	(3)
Introduction	53	(1)
Voluntary and Involuntary Acts	53	(1)
Omissions	54	(1)
Possession	55	(1)
Status	56	(1)
Mens Rea	56	(5)
Introduction	56	(1)
Model Penal Code Definitions	57	(2)
General, Specific, and Transferred Intent	59	(1)
Concurrence	59	(1)
Strict Liability	59	(2)
Causation	61	(2)
Introduction	61	(1)
Foreseeable Consequences	62	(1)
Supervening or Superseding Causes	62	(1)
Complicity	63	(4)
Introduction	63	(1)
Parties to Crimes	63	(1)
Actus Reus in Complicity	64	(1)
Mens Rea in Complicity	65	(1)
Abandonment	66	(1)
Vicarious and Corporate Liability	67	(4)
Introduction	67	(1)
Vicarious Liability	67	(1)
Corporate Liability	68	(3)
Conclusion	71	(6)
Crimes Against Persons and Crimes Against Habitation	77	(60)
Introduction	78	(1)
Elements of Crimes	78	(1)
Lesser Included Offense	78	(1)
Crimes Against Persons	79	(44)
Introduction	79	(1)
Homicide	80	(13)
Assault and Battery	93	(11)
Civil Rights Violations	104	(1)
Sexual Battery	105	(11)
Criminal Abuse	116	(3)
Kidnapping, False Imprisonment, and Custodial Interference	119	(4)
Crimes Against Habitation	123	(5)
Introduction	123	(1)
Arson	123	(2)
Vandalism	125	(1)
Burglary	125	(3)
Conclusion	128	(9)
Crimes Against Property, Public Order and Safety, Public Morals, and Justice and Public Administration	137	(48)
Introduction	138	(1)
Crimes Against Property	138	(20)
Introduction	138	(1)
Larceny	138	(3)
Embezzlement	141	(1)
False Pretenses or Fraud	142	(2)
Bad Checks	144	(1)
Receiving Stolen Property	144	(1)
Forgery and Uttering a Forged Instrument	144	(1)
Robbery	145	(3)
Extortion	148	(1)
Consolidated Theft	149	(3)
Cybercrimes	152	(2)
White-Collar Crime	154	(4)
Crimes Against Public Order and Safety	158	(6)
Introduction	158	(1)
Terrorism	159	(1)
Disorderly Conduct	160	(1)
Riot	161	(1)
Vagrancy and Loitering	161	(1)
Endangering Public Health and Environment	162	(1)
Use and Distribution of Firearms	163	(1)
Crimes Against Public Morals	164	(8)
Introduction	164	(1)
Nonviolent Sexual Conduct	164	(5)
Gambling	169	(1)
Drug Offenses	169	(3)
Crimes Against Justice and Public Administration	172	(3)
Introduction	172	(1)
Bribery	172	(1)
Perjury	173	(1)
Obstruction of Justice	174	(1)
Resisting Arrest	174	(1)
Escape	174	(1)
Contempt of Court	175	(1)
Conclusion	175	(10)
Inchoate and Organized Crimes	185	(34)
Introduction	186	(1)
Attempt	187	(6)
Introduction	187	(1)
Mens Rea in Attempt	187	(2)
Actus Reus in Attempt	189	(3)
Defenses to Attempt	192	(1)
Conspiracy	193	(12)
Introduction	193	(1)
Mens Rea in Conspiracy	194	(1)
Actus Reus in Conspiracy	195	(4)
Defenses to Conspiracy	199	(1)
Hearsay Exception	200	(3)
Problems with Conspiracy	203	(2)
Solicitation	205	(1)
Racketeering Influenced and Corrupt Organizations (RICO)	206	(1)
Introduction	206	(1)
RICO Elements	206	(1)
Extent of Control	207	(1)
RICO Conspiracy	207	(1)
State Organized Crime Statutes	207	(1)
Continuing Criminal Enterprise (CCE)	207	(3)
Criminal Gangs	210	(1)
Conclusion	211	(8)
Defenses	219	(40)
Introduction	220	(1)
Types of Defenses	220	(1)
Effective Level of Defense	220	(1)
Burden of Proof	220	(1)
Constitutional and Statutory Defenses	221	(6)
Introduction	221	(1)
Freedom of Religion	221	(1)
Freedom of Expression	222	(1)
Freedom of Assembly	223	(1)
Double Jeopardy	223	(2)
Substantive Due Process	225	(1)
Right to Privacy	226	(1)
Statute of Limitations	227	(1)
Justification	227	(7)
Introduction	227	(1)
Self-Defense	228	(4)
Defense of Third Persons	232	(1)
Defense of Property	233	(1)
Resisting Unlawful Arrest	233	(1)
Execution of Public Duties	233	(1)
Parental Discipline Justification	234	(1)
Excuse	234	(10)
Introduction	234	(1)
Duress	234	(1)
Necessity	235	(1)
Entrapment	236	(2)
Insanity	238	(6)
Missing Elements	244	(5)
Introduction	244	(1)
Actus Reus as a Missing Element	244	(1)
Mens Rea as a Missing Element	245	(3)
Consent	248	(1)
Syndromes	249	(1)
Conclusion	250	(9)
Intake and Drafting the Complaint	259	(48)
Introduction	260	(1)
Intake Procedure	260	(8)
Introduction	260	(1)
Preparing for Intake	260	(4)
The Interview	264	(3)
Counseling the Victim	267	(1)
Decision to Charge	268	(4)
Authority, Limits, and Immunity from Civil Suit	268	(2)
Joinder of Offenses and Defendants	270	(2)
Drafting the Complaint	272	(2)
Drafting from the Intake Form	272	(1)
Drafting from the Police Report	273	(1)
Summons and Warrant	274	(2)
Summons	274	(1)
Arrest Warrant	275	(1)
E-Filing and Monitoring	275	(1)
Checklist for Drafting and Filing the Summons and Warrant	276	(1)
Docket Tracking	276	(1)
Conclusion	277	(30)
Search and Seizure	307	(56)
Introduction	308	(1)
Scope of the Fourth Amendment	309	(8)
State Action	309	(1)
Reasonable Expectation of Privacy	309	(8)
Warrant Requirements	317	(8)
Issuance: Probable Cause, Neutrality, Particularity	317	(3)
Execution of the Warrant	320	(5)
Warrant Subsequent to Search: Independent Source	325	(1)
Officer Liability and the Fourth Amendment	325	(1)
Exceptions to the Requirement for a Warrant	325	(26)
Introduction	325	(1)
Arrest	326	(4)
Stop and Frisk (Investigatory Detention)	330	(2)
Search Incident to Lawful Arrest	332	(1)
Plain View	333	(1)
Motor Vehicle Searches	334	(5)
Hot Pursuit	339	(1)
Evanescent Evidence	339	(1)
Border, Regulatory, and Emergency Searches	340	(5)
Consent Searches	345	(3)
Inevitable Discovery	348	(1)
Community Caretaking Function	348	(3)
Electronic Surveillance and the Patriot Act	351	(2)
Secret Agents	353	(1)
The Exclusionary Rule	354	(3)
Conclusion	357	(6)
Confessions and Pretrial Identification Procedures	363	(36)
Introduction	364	(1)
The Fifth Amendment Privilege Against Self-Incrimination	364	(4)
Introduction	364	(1)
Who Is Protected by the Right Against Self-Incrimination?	365	(1)
In What Kinds of Hearings May the Right be Exercised?	366	(1)
What Is Incriminating Testimony?	366	(1)
When Can Incriminating Testimony be Compelled?	366	(2)
How Far Does a Waiver of the Right Extend?	368	(1)
When Is Evidence Testimonial?	368	(1)
Confessions and Interrogation: Miranda	368	(20)
Introduction	368	(8)
Miranda	376	(1)
Issues Miranda Left Unanswered	377	(8)
Effect of Denial of Right to Counsel (Massiah) and Harmless Error	385	(1)
Challenging a Confession	386	(1)
The Paralegal's Role	386	(2)
Lineups, One-on-One Show-Ups, and Photo Identifications	388	(2)
Introduction	388	(1)
The Right to Counsel at Pretrial Identification	389	(1)
Due Process and Pretrial Identifications	389	(1)
Conclusion	390	(9)
Pretrial: Initial Appearance to Preliminary Hearing	399	(38)
Introduction	400	(1)
Initial Appearance	400	(9)
Introduction	400	(1)
Notice of Rights and Determination of Indigency	400	(2)
Bail	402	(2)
Initial Appearance: Paralegal's Role	404	(5)
Pretrial Detention	409	(1)
Conditions of Confinement	409	(1)
Duty to Confirm Identity of Detainee	409	(1)
Terrorism and Detention Issues	409	(1)
Rocket Dockets	410	(1)
Interviewing	410	(9)
Introduction	410	(1)
Interviewing the Defendant	410	(6)
Interviewing Witnesses	416	(1)
Ethical Considerations	417	(1)
Dealing with the Difficult Client	417	(1)
Interview Summaries	418	(1)
Other Preliminary Investigation and Preparation	419	(2)
Defense	419	(1)
Prosecution	419	(1)
Preparing Questions for the Preliminary Hearing	420	(1)
Preliminary Hearing	421	(2)
Extradition	423	(1)
Conclusion	423	(14)
Pretrial: Grand Jury to Pretrial Conference	437	(44)
Introduction	438	(1)
Grand Jury and Indictment	438	(6)
Introduction	438	(1)
Composition	438	(1)
Powers	439	(1)
Autonomy and Secrecy	440	(1)
Procedure	440	(1)
The Paralegal's Role: Prosecution	441	(1)
The Paralegal's Role: Defense	442	(2)
The Information	444	(1)
Arraignment	444	(2)
Introduction	444	(1)
The Paralegal's Role	445	(1)
Discovery	446	(5)
Introduction	446	(1)
The Law on Discovery	446	(1)
Exculpatory Evidence	447	(1)
Discovery Procedure and the Paralegal's Role	448	(3)
Other Investigation	451	(1)
Pretrial Motions	452	(2)
Introduction	452	(1)
Procedure	452	(1)
Common Pretrial Motions	452	(2)
Notice of Defenses	454	(1)
Plea Bargaining	455	(2)
The Right to a Speedy Trial	457	(1)
Pretrial Conference	458	(1)
Conclusion	458	(23)
Trial: Rights, Procedure, Tasks	481	(34)
Introduction	482	(1)
Trial Rights	482	(4)
The Right to a Jury Trial	482	(1)
The Right to Counsel	483	(1)
The Rights of Presence and Confrontation	484	(2)
The Right to Present Witnesses, to Testify, or Not to Testify	486	(1)
Fair Trial Versus Free Press and Public Access	486	(1)
The Paralegal's Role in Preparation for Trial	487	(2)
Introduction	487	(1)
The Trial Notebook	487	(1)
Preparation of Client and Witnesses	488	(1)
Trial Materials	488	(1)
Trial Procedure and the Paralegal's Role	489	(15)
Voir Dire	489	(4)
Opening Statements	493	(1)
The Prosecution's Case and the Presentation of Evidence	493	(6)
Defense Cross-Examination of Prosecution's Witnesses	499	(1)
Motion for Judgment of Acquittal	499	(1)
Defendant's Case in Chief	500	(1)
Prosecution's Rebuttal and Defendant's Rejoinder	500	(1)
Motion for Judgment of Acquittal or Directed Verdict	500	(1)
Jury Instruction Conference	501	(1)
Closing Arguments	501	(1)
Judge's Instructions to the Jury	502	(1)
Jury Deliberation	502	(2)
Jury Verdict and Polling	504	(1)
Posttrial Motions	504	(1)
Purpose	504	(1)
Types of Posttrial Motions	504	(1)
Conclusion	505	(10)
Sentencing, Punishment, and Review	515	(72)
Introduction	516	(1)
Goals	516	(1)
Setting and Serving the Sentence	516	(1)
Review	517	(1)
Forms of Punishment	517	(12)
Introduction	517	(1)
Capital Punishment	518	(7)
Incarceration	525	(1)
Fines	526	(1)
Restitution	527	(1)
Forfeiture	527	(1)
Probation	528	(1)
Sentencing Statutes and Guidelines	529	(2)
Sentencing Statutes	529	(1)
Three Strikes Laws and Mandatory Minimums	529	(1)
Sentencing Guidelines	530	(1)
Sentencing Procedure	531	(7)
Introduction	531	(1)
Capital Sentencing	531	(1)
Presentence Report	531	(1)
Alternative Sentencing Plan	532	(1)
The Sentencing Hearing	533	(5)
Serving the Sentence	538	(2)
Revocation of Probation	538	(1)
Parole and Its Revocation	538	(1)
Rights and Responsibilities of Prisoners	539	(1)
Appeals	540	(4)
Introduction	540	(1)
Basis for Appeal	541	(1)
Appellate Procedure	542	(2)
The Writ of Habeas Corpus	544	(2)
Introduction	544	(1)
Criteria for Access to Habeas Corpus	545	(1)
Habeas Corpus Procedure	546	(1)
Conclusion	546	(41)
Appendix A: System Folder Contents	587	(6)
Appendix B: Excerpts From the Constitution of the United States of America	593	(6)
Glossary	599	(6)
Spanish Glossary	605	(4)
Index	609