Table of Figures | p. xv |
Preface | p. xvii |
Acknowledgments | p. xix |
Overview of Constitutional Criminal Procedure | p. 1 |
Search and Seizure-The Framework of The Fourth Amendment | |
Introduction to the Fourth Amendment | p. 11 |
When Does the Fourth Amendment Apply? | p. 15 |
Governmental Action-Public Versus Private Search | p. 15 |
Reasonable Expectation of Privacy | p. 21 |
What Does the Fourth Amendment Require? - The Doctrine of Justification | p. 41 |
Probable Cause - The Standard for Search and Arrest | p. 42 |
Reasonable Suspicion - The Standard for Stop and Frisk | p. 64 |
What Constitutes a Stop? | p. 67 |
The Expansion of Terry: Demand for Identification, Vehicle Stops, Detention of Effects, Protective Sweeps, and Plain Feel | p. 72 |
Administrative Searches | p. 95 |
Search and Arrest Warrants | p. 113 |
Note on the Warrant Requirement | p. 113 |
The Components of a Valid Search Warrant | p. 114 |
Neutral and Detached Magistrate | p. 114 |
The Probable Cause Showing | p. 115 |
The Particularity Requirement and the Plain View Doctrine | p. 117 |
Execution of a Search Warrant | p. 128 |
Administrative Search Warrants | p. 129 |
Anticipatory Search Warrants | p. 129 |
The Arrest Warrant Requirement | p. 130 |
The Components of a Valid Arrest Warrant | p. 131 |
Warrantless Searches and Seizures | p. 133 |
Introduction | p. 133 |
Exceptions That Require Probable Cause: The Emergency Exception (Exigent Circumstances) | p. 134 |
Exceptions That Require Probable Cause: Search Incident to Arrest | p. 143 |
Exceptions That Require Probable Cause: Automobile Search and the Container Doctrine | p. 153 |
Exceptions That Require Reasonable Suspicion: Stop and Frisk and Investigative Detentions | p. 159 |
Administrative and Inventory Searches | p. 159 |
Warrantless Intrusion Requiring No Justification: Consent | p. 161 |
The Plain View Doctrine | p. 172 |
The Problem of Pretext | p. 179 |
The Exclusionary Rule: Rationale, Operation, and Limitations | p. 183 |
The Rationale of the Exclusionary Rule | p. 183 |
The Derivative Evidence ("Fruit-of-the-Poisonous-Tree") Doctrine | p. 187 |
Limitations on the Exclusionary Rule | p. 202 |
Standing | p. 203 |
Limitation to Criminal Trial Versus Other Proceedings | p. 214 |
The Good Faith Exception | p. 218 |
The Impeachment Exception | p. 229 |
Harmless Error | p. 230 |
Interrogation and Confessions | |
The Voluntariness Standard | p. 235 |
The Miranda Approach | p. 247 |
The Miranda Decision | p. 247 |
The Components of Miranda | p. 250 |
Custody | p. 250 |
Interrogation | p. 259 |
The Substance and Adequacy of the Warnings | p. 270 |
Waiver of Miranda Rights | p. 276 |
Waiver After Invocation of the Right to Silence or to Counsel | p. 287 |
Limitations on the Scope of the Miranda Exclusionary Rule | p. 300 |
Use of the Statement for Impeachment | p. 301 |
The Public Safety Exception | p. 303 |
Suppression of the Fruits of a Statement Obtained in Violation of Miranda | p. 309 |
Summary - What's Left of Miranda? | p. 311 |
The Sixth Amendment "Right to Counsel" Approach | p. 313 |
The Messiah Doctrine | p. 313 |
The "Deliberately Elicit" Standard | p. 314 |
At What Point Does the Massiah Doctrine Apply? - The Initiation of Judicial Proceedings | p. 316 |
Waiver and Exceptions to the Massiah Doctrine | p. 317 |
Overview of Interrogation and Confessions | p. 322 |
Other Investigative Procedures | |
Other Investigative Procedures - Eyewitness Identification, Bodily Intrusions, Examination of Physical Attributes, Entrapment, and "High-Tech" and Computer Searches | p. 325 |
Eyewitness Identification | p. 325 |
Bodily Intrusions and Examination of Suspect's Physical Attributes | p. 332 |
Entrapment | p. 338 |
The Common Law Defense | p. 338 |
Due Process | p. 339 |
"High-Tech" Searches | p. 344 |
Electronic Surveillance and Wiretapping | p. 345 |
Searches of Computers | p. 345 |
September 11, 2001, and Its Aftermath | p. 349 |
Introduction | p. 349 |
Terrorism and the Fourth Amendment | p. 354 |
Table of Cases | p. 369 |
Index | p. 379 |
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