Cultural Competency for the Health Professional (Book with Access Code)

by Rose, Patti R.

• ISBN13: 9781449672126
• ISBN10: 1449672124
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback w/ Access Code
• Copyright: 2012-06-07
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Learning

Summary

Cultural Competency for the Health Professional reviews the importance of the implementation of cultural competency by allied health professionals, and the process of assessment, training and evaluation. This comprehensive text includes a clear and concise overview of the necessary tools to apply cultural competency processes as well as systematic and disciplined approaches to the process of achieving it. Attention is also given to some of the reservations that may exist in various health professions with interests in moving in the direction of cultural competency such as associated costs, limited time, and beyond. Cultural Competency for the Health Professional provides health professions students with key cultural competency information and practical insight into how to apply this knowledge in their day-to-day work environments as they deal with patients on a clinical basis.FEATURESOverview of the demographic changes in the United StatesAccreditation requirements (programmatic, specialized and institutional) Cultural nuances of specific groupsComprehensive view of the Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services (CLAS) standards with an emphasis on the clinical aspect of various allied health professionsAttitudinal survey with established reliability and validity

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgments	p. xvii
About the Author	p. xix
Contributors	p. xxi
Reviewers	p. xxiii
Introduction	p. 1
Chapter Organization	p. 5
Overview and Specific Details of Various Racial, Cultural and Ethnic Groups	p. 7
Introduction	p. 7
Racial Groups	p. 9
African American/Black	p. 9
Native American/Alaska Native	p. 10
Asian American and Pacific Islander	p. 13
White	p. 14
Ethnic Group	p. 15
Hispanic/Latino	p. 15
Conclusion	p. 16
Chapter Summary	p. 18
Chapter Problems	p. 18
References	p. 19
Suggested Readings	p. 20
Relevance of Cultural Competency to Various Health Professions	p. 21
Introduction	p. 22
Political Correctness as a Necessary Consideration for Cultural Competency	p. 22
Considering Cultural Competency in All Healthcare Settings	p. 24
Difference Between Interpretation and Translation	p. 29
Visual Affirmation in the Healthcare Setting	p. 32
Diversifying the Health Service Professional Workforce	p. 33
Trust	p. 34
Conclusion	p. 37
Chapter Summary	p. 38
Chapter Problems	p. 9
References	p. 39
Suggested Readings	p. 41
Health Professions and Understanding Cultural Concerns	p. 43
Introduction	p. 44
Cultural Views Regarding Modern Medical Practices	p. 45
Recruiting Diverse Healthcare Professionals	p. 46
Cultural Competence Continuum	p. 47
Cultural Destructiveness	p. 48
Cultural Incapacity	p. 48
Cultural Blindness	p. 49
Cultural Precompetence	p. 49
Cultural Competence	p. 50
Cultural Proficiency	p. 50
Cultural Competence Framework	p. 51
Parameters that Differentiate Cultures	p. 51
Purnell Model for Cultural Competence	p. 53
Learn Model	p. 54
Assumption Exercise	p. 54
Conclusion	p. 56
Chapter Summary	p. 57
Chapter Problems	p. 58
References	p. 58
Suggested Readings	p. 59
US Educational System and the Intersection of Cultural Competency and Health Literacy	p. 61
Introduction	p. 61
Educational Interventions in the United States	p. 62
Teach for America	p. 62
No Child Left Behind and Race to the Top	p. 68
Health Literacy	p. 69
Responsibility of Health Professionals	p. 70
Conclusion	p. 71
Chapter Summary	p. 72
Chapter Problems	p. 72
References	p. 73
Suggested Readings	p. 73
Cultural Competency and the Need to Eliminate Health Disparities	p. 75
Introduction	p. 75
Health Disparities Defined	p. 76
An Historical Overview of Health Disparities	p. 77
Health Disparities and Minority Groups	p. 80
Immigration and Cultural Competency	p. 82
Cultural Competency as a Contributing Factor Toward Health Disparities	p. 83
The Role of Culturally Competent Health Professionals in Closing the Gap	p. 85
Conclusion	p. 86
Chapter Summary!	p. 87
Chapter Problems	p. 87
References	p. 88
Cultural Competency and Assessment	p. 91
Introduction	p. 92
Attitudes	p. 92
Assessment	p. 92
Test-Retest Reliability	p. 93
Alternative form Reliability	p. 93
Internal Consistency Reliability	p. 93
Validity	p. 94
Cultural Competence Assessment Tool	p. 95
Importance of Valid and Reliable Assessment Tools	p. 95
Conclusion	p. 96
Chapter Summary	p. 96
Chapter Problems	p. 97
References	p. 97
Suggested Readings	p. 97
Cultural Competence Training	p. 99
Introduction	p. 99
Significance of Cultural Competence Training	p. 100
Approaches to Training	p. 100
Elements to Ensure Successful Training Programs	p. 101
Cross-Cultural Education and Other Training Essentials	p. 101
Importance of Providing Key Terms Relevant to Cultural Competence	p. 102
Key Components of Cultural Competence Training	p. 104
Evaluation of Cultural Competence Training	p. 106
Conclusion	p. 107
Chapter Summary	p. 107
Chapter Problems	p. 107
References	p. 108
Suggested Readings	p. 108
Case Studies	p. 109
Introduction	p. 109
Dental Hygienists	p. 110
Case Study	p. 110
Comments	p. 111
Physical Therapists	p. 111
Case Study	p. 111
Comments	p. 112
Occupational Therapists	p. 113
Case Study	p. 113
Comments	p. 113
Speech-Language Therapists	p. 114
Case Study	p. 114
Comments	p. 115
Pharmacists	p. 115
Case Study	p. 115
Comments	p. 116
Radiology Technicians	p. 116
Case Study	p. 116
Comments	p. 117
Emergency Medical Technicians	p. 117
Case Study	p. 117
Comments	p. 117
Medical Records Technicians	p. 118
Case Study	p. 118
Comments	p. 118
Physician Assistants	p. 119
Case Study	p. 119
Comments	p. 120
Medical Assistants	p. 120
Case Study	p. 120
Comments	p. 121
Nurses	p. 122
Case Study	p. 122
Comments	p. 123
Dentists	p. 123
Case Study	p. 123
Comments	p. 124
Chapter Summary	p. 124
References	p. 125
Suggested Readings	p. 125
Healthcare Reform and Economic Concerns Regarding Cultural Competency	p. 127
Introduction	p. 127
Interview	p. 129
Conclusion	p. 135
References	p. 135
Suggested Reading	p. 135
Psychosocial Impact of Culturally Incompetent Health Care	p. 137
Introduction	p. 138
What Exactly is Culture?	p. 138
Prejudice, Discrimination, and Racism	p. 140
Prejudice	p. 140
Discrimination	p. 140
Racism	p. 142
Aversive Racism	p. 143
Racial Microaggresions	p. 144
Microassault	p. 145
Microinsult	p. 146
Microinvalidation	p. 147
Psychosocial Outcomes of Culturally Incompetent Care	p. 147
Clash of Racial Realities	p. 148
Invisibility of Unintentional Expressions of Bias	p. 149
Perceived Minimal Harm of Racial Microaggression	p. 150
Catch-22 of Responding to Microaggressions	p. 150
Conclusion	p. 151
Chapter Summary	p. 152
Chapter Problems	p. 152
References	p. 153
Suggested Readings	p. 155
Health Professionals and the Paradigm Shift	p. 157
Introduction	p. 157
Need for a Paradigm Shift	p. 158
Expansion of Minority Markets	p. 159
Investing in Cultural Competence	p. 160
Business Aspect of Health Care	p. 161
Decreasing Malpractice Claims	p. 164
Enhanced Customer Service and Quality of Care	p. 164
Conclusion	p. 165
Chapter Summary	p. 165
Chapter Problems	p. 166
References	p. 166
Suggested Readings	p. 167
Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Services Standards: An Overview	p. 169
Introduction	p. 169
Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate Standards	p. 170
Need for CLAS Standards and Action Plans for Administrators	p. 173
Qualitative Research	p. 174
Conclusion	p. 176
Chapter Summary	p. 176
Chapter Problems	p. 177
References	p. 177
Suggested Readings	p. 178
Ultimate Challenge: Educational and Institutional Considerations for the Health Professions	p. 179
Introduction	p. 180
American Medical Association	p. 180
Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations	p. 181
Institute of Medicine	p. 182
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality	p. 182
Sullivan Commission	p. 182
Necessary Educational Requirements	p. 183
Challenging Health Professionals	p. 184
Conclusion	p. 186
Chapter Summary	p. 186
Chapter Problems	p. 186
References	p. 187
Suggested Readings	p. 187
Cultural Competence Assessment Survey	p. 189
Executive Team and Management	p. 189
Cultural Competence Assessment Survey	p. 193
Staff	p. 193
Cultural Competence Assessment Survey	p. 197
Health Professionals	p. 197
Glossary of Important Terms	p. 201
Websites and Resources	p. 207
Cultural Competence and Other Relevant Websites	p. 207
Journal Articles and Books	p. 208
Cultural Competence Plan	p. 211
Cultural Competence Accreditation Information for Selected (Examples) Health Professions	p. 213
Individual and Cultural Differences	p. 216
Professional Practice Expectation: Communication	p. 216
Professional Practice Expectation: Cultural Competence	p. 216
Interaction and Personal Qualities	p. 217
Sample Focus Group Questions for Qualitative Cultural Competence Research	p. 221
Questions	p. 221
Acronyms	p. 223
Index	p. 225
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