Current Medical Diagnosis and Treatment 2005

by Tierney, Lawrence M.; McPhee, Stephen J.; Papadakis, Maxine A.

• ISBN13: 9780071436922
• ISBN10: 0071436928
• Edition: 44th
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2004-10-19
• Publisher: MCG

Summary

The leading annually updated general medical text! CMDT 2005 is the most comprehensive, reliable, and timely reference available to answer common questions in everyday clinical practice. Written in a concise, easy-to-read style, the text covers all aspects of outpatient and inpatient care as well as authoritative descriptions of new developments in medicine. CMDT 05 includes information on over 1,000 diseases and disorders with an emphasis on prevention and cost-effective treatments. CMDT 2005 also features updated information on drug dosages and updated therapeutic options in HIV, including an approach to multi-drug antiretroviral therapies.

Table of Contents

Authors	xiii
Preface	xix
1. General Approach to the Patient; Health Maintenance & Disease Prevention	1	(19)
Stephen J. McPhee, MD, & Michael Pignone, MD, MPH
General Approach to the Patient	1	(1)
Health Maintenance & Disease Prevention	2	(18)
Prevention of Infectious Diseases	3	(2)
Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease	5	(7)
Prevention of Physical Inactivity	12	(1)
Prevention of Overweight & Obesity	13	(1)
Cancer Prevention	14	(2)
Prevention of Injuries & Violence	16	(1)
Substance Abuse: Alcohol & Illicit Drugs	17	(3)
2. Common Symptoms	20	(14)
Ralph Gonzales, MD, MSPH
Cough	20	(2)
Dyspnea	22	(2)
Lower Extremity Edema	24	(2)
Fever & Hyperthermia	26	(2)
Involuntary Weight Loss	28	(1)
Fatigue & Chronic Fatigue Syndrome	29	(2)
Acute Headache	31	(3)
3. Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management	34	(13)
Joshua S. Adler, MD, & Lee Goldman, MD, MPH
Physiologic Effects of Anesthesia & Surgery	34	(1)
Evaluation of the Asymptomatic Patient	34	(1)
Cardiac Risk Assessment	35	(5)
Pulmonary Evaluation in Non-Lung Resection Surgery	40	(1)
Evaluation of the Patient With Liver Disease	41	(1)
Preoperative Hematologic Evaluation	42	(1)
Neurologic Evaluation	42	(1)
Management of Endocrine Diseases	43	(2)
Renal Disease	45	(1)
Antibiotic Prophylaxis of Surgical Wound Infections	45	(2)
4. Geriatric Medicine	47	(18)
C. Bree Johnston, MD, Kenneth E. Covinsky, MD, & C. Seth Landefeld, MD
General Principles of Geriatric Medicine	47	(1)
General Approach to the Older Patient	48	(5)
Assessment of Older Adults	49	(3)
Selected Preventive Measures in Geriatric Practice	52	(1)
Common Problems of the Frail Older Person	53	(12)
Dementia	53	(3)
Depression	56	(1)
Delirium	56	(1)
Immobility	57	(1)
Falls & Gait Disorders	58	(1)
Urinary Incontinence	59	(3)
Weight Loss & Malnutrition	62	(1)
Pharmacotherapy & Polypharmacy	62	(3)
5. Care at the End of Life	65	(19)
Michael W. Rabow, MD, & Steven Z. Pantilat, MD
The End of Life	65	(2)
Diagnosis of the End of Life	65	(1)
Expectations About the End of Life	65	(1)
Communication & the Role of the Clinician at the End of Life	66	(1)
Caring for the Family	66	(1)
The Limits of Care at the End of Life	66	(1)
The Setting & Structure of Care	67	(2)
Ethical & Legal Background	67	(1)
Advance Directives	68	(1)
DNAR Orders	68	(1)
Hospice & Other Palliative Care Institutions	69	(1)
Cultural Issues	69	(1)
Management of Pain & Other Common Symptoms	69	(10)
Pain at the End of Life	70	(8)
Dyspnea	78	(1)
Nausea & Vomiting	78	(1)
Constipation	79	(1)
Delirium & Agitation	79	(1)
Other Specific Tasks of Caring	79	(3)
Nutrition & Hydration	79	(1)
Withdrawal of Curative Efforts	80	(1)
Psychologic, Social, & Spiritual Issues	81	(1)
Tasks After Death	82	(2)
The Pronouncement & Death Certificate	82	(1)
Autopsy & Organ Donation	82	(1)
Follow-Up & Grieving	82	(2)
6. Skin, Hair, & Nails	84	(64)
Timothy G. Berger, MD
Diagnosis of Skin Disorders	84	(1)
Principles of Dermatologic Therapy	84	(56)
Common Dermatoses	90	(1)
Pigmented Lesions	90	(3)
Scaling Disorders	93	(13)
Vesicular Dermatoses	106	(5)
Weeping or Encrusted Lesions	111	(2)
Pustular Disorders	113	(6)
Figurate Erythemas	119	(4)
Blistering Diseases	123	(2)
Papules	125	(4)
Violaceous to Purple Papules & Nodules	129	(1)
Pruritus (Itching)	130	(4)
Inflammatory Nodules	134	(2)
Epidermal Inclusion Cyst (EIC)	136	(1)
Photodermatitis	137	(1)
Ulcers	138	(2)
Miscellaneous Dermatologic Disorders	140	(8)
Pigmentary Disorders	140	(1)
Baldness (Alopecia)	141	(1)
Nail Disorders	142	(2)
Dermatitis Medicamentosa (Drug Eruption)	144	(4)
7. Eye	148	(29)
Paul Riordan-Eva, FRCS, FRCOphth
Symptoms of Ocular Disease	148	(1)
Ocular Examination	149	(2)
Ophthalmologic Referrals	151	(1)
Refractive Errors	151	(1)
Disorders of the Lids & Lacrimal Apparatus	152	(1)
Conjunctivitis	153	(2)
Pinguecula & Pterygium	155	(1)
Corneal Ulcer	156	(1)
Acute (Angle-Closure) Glaucoma	157	(1)
Chronic Glaucoma	158	(1)
Uveitis	159	(1)
Cataract	160	(1)
Retinal Detachment	161	(1)
Vitreous Hemorrhage	162	(1)
Age-Related Macular Degeneration	162	(1)
Central & Branch Retinal Vein Occlusions	163	(1)
Central & Branch Retinal Artery Occlusions	163	(1)
Amaurosis Fugax	164	(1)
Retinal Disorders Associated With Systemic Diseases	164	(1)
AIDS	165	(1)
Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy	166	(1)
Optic Neuritis	166	(1)
Optic Disk Swelling	167	(1)
Ocular Motor Palsies	167	(1)
Dysthyroid Eye Disease	167	(1)
Orbital Cellulitis	168	(1)
Ocular Trauma	168	(1)
Principles of Treatment of Ocular Infections	169	(1)
Techniques Used in the Treatment of Ocular Disorders	170	(1)
Precautions in Management of Ocular Disorders	170	(5)
Adverse Ocular Effects of Systemic Drugs	175	(2)
8. Ear, Nose, & Throat	177	(38)
Robert K. Jackler, MD, & Michael J. Kaplan, MD
Diseases of the Ear	177	(15)
Diseases of the Nose & Paranasal Sinuses	192	(7)
Diseases of the Oral Cavity & Pharynx	199	(6)
Diseases of the Salivary Glands	205	(2)
Diseases of the Larynx	207	(2)
Tracheostomy & Cricothyrotomy	209	(1)
Foreign Bodies in the Upper Aerodigestive Tract	210	(1)
Diseases Presenting as Neck Masses	211	(2)
Otolaryngologic Manifestations of HIV Infection	213	(2)
9. Lung	215	(93)
Mark S. Chesnutt, MD, & Thomas J. Prendergast, MD
Common Manifestations of Lung Disease	215	(2)
Dyspnea	215	(1)
Cough	216	(1)
Hemoptysis	217	(1)
Approach to the Patient	217	(5)
Physical Examination	217	(2)
Pulmonary Function Tests	219	(3)
Disorders of the Airways	222	(22)
Pulmonary Infections	244	(18)
Pulmonary Neoplasms	262	(9)
Interstitial Lung Disease (Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease)	271	(5)
Disorders of the Pulmonary Circulation	276	(13)
Environmental & Occupational Lung Disorders	289	(6)
Pleural Diseases	295	(5)
Disorders of Control of Ventilation	300	(3)
Acute Respiratory Failure	303	(2)
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)	305	(3)
10. Heart	308	(96)
Barry M. Massie, MD, & Christopher B. Granger, MD
Symptoms & Signs	308	(3)
Diagnostic Testing	311	(2)
Congenital Heart Disease	313	(4)
Valvular Heart Disease	317	(11)
Coronary Heart Disease (Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease; Ischemic Heart Disease)	328	(27)
Disturbances of Rate & Rhythm	355	(16)
Bradycardias & Conduction Disturbances	371	(3)
Cardiac Failure	374	(13)
Myocarditis & the Cardiomyopathies	387	(5)
Acute Rheumatic Fever & Rheumatic Heart Disease	392	(2)
Diseases of the Pericardium	394	(2)
Pulmonary Hypertension & Heart Disease	396	(2)
Neoplastic Diseases of the Heart	398	(1)
Cardiac Involvement in Miscellaneous Systemic Diseases	398	(1)
Traumatic Heart Disease	399	(1)
The Cardiac Patient & Surgery	400	(1)
The Cardiac Patient & Pregnancy	401	(3)
11. Systemic Hypertension	404	(26)
Barry M. Massie, MD, & Stephen J. McPhee, MD
Approach to Hypertension	404	(8)
Drug Therapy	412	(14)
Hypertensive Urgencies & Emergencies	426	(4)
12. Blood Vessels & Lymphatics	430	(33)
Louis M. Messina, MD, & Lawrence M. Tierney, Jr., MD
Arterial Aneurysms	430	(6)
Lower Extremity Occlusive Disease	436	(9)
Other Arteriopathies	445	(2)
Vasomotor Disorders	447	(4)
Venous Diseases	451	(7)
Diseases of the Lymphatic Channels	458	(2)
Hypotension & Shock	460	(3)
13. Blood	463	(55)
Charles A. Linker, MD
Anemias	463	(17)
Neutropenia	480	(1)
Leukemias & Other Myeloproliferative Disorders	481	(13)
Lymphomas	494	(6)
Disorders of Hemostasis	500	(13)
Hypercoagulable States	513	(1)
Blood Transfusions	514	(4)
14. Alimentary Tract	518	(111)
Kenneth R. McQuaid, MD
Symptoms & Signs of Gastrointestinal Disease	518	(23)
Diseases of the Peritoneum	541	(5)
Diseases of the Esophagus	546	(18)
Diseases of the Stomach & Duodenum	564	(18)
Diseases of the Small Intestine	582	(14)
Diseases of the Colon & Rectum	596	(28)
Anorectal Diseases	624	(5)
15. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas	629	(50)
Lawrence S. Friedman, MD
Jaundice (Ictetus)	629	(3)
Diseases of the Liver	632	(30)
Diseases of the Biliary Tract	662	(9)
Diseases of the Pancreas	671	(8)
16. Breast	679	(25)
Armando E. Giuliano, MD
Benign Breast Disorders	679	(3)
Fibrocystic Disease	679	(1)
Fibroadenoma of the Breast	680	(1)
Nipple Discharge	680	(1)
Fat Necrosis	681	(1)
Breast Abscess	681	(1)
Disorders of the Augmented Breast	681	(1)
Carcinoma of the Female Breast	682	(20)
Incidence & Risk Factors	682	(2)
Early Detection of Breast Cancer	684	(5)
Differential Diagnosis	689	(1)
Staging	689	(1)
Pathologic Types	689	(3)
Special Clinical Forms of Breast Cancer	692	(1)
Hormone Receptor Sites	693	(1)
Curative Treatment	693	(4)
Palliative Treatment	697	(3)
Prognosis	700	(1)
Follow-up Care	700	(2)
Carcinoma of the Male Breast	702	(2)
17. Gynecology	704	(35)
H. Trent MacKay, MD, MPH
Abnormal Premenopausal Bleeding	704	(2)
Postmenopausal Vaginal Bleeding	706	(1)
Premenstrual Syndrome (Premenstrual Tension)	706	(1)
Dysmenorrhea	707	(1)
Vaginitis	707	(2)
Cervicitis	709	(1)
Cervical Polyps	709	(1)
Cyst & Abscess of Bartholin's Duct	709	(1)
Effects of Exposure to Diethylstilbestrol in Utero	710	(1)
Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia (Dysplasia of the Cervix	710	(2)
Carcinoma of the Cervix	712	(1)
Leiomyoma of the Uterus (Fibroid Tumor)	713	(1)
Carcinoma of the Endometrium	714	(25)
18. Obstetrics	739	(25)
William R. Crombleholme, MD
Carcinoma of the Vulva	715	(1)
Endometriosis	716	(1)
Genital Prolapse (Cystocele, Rectocele, Enterocele)	717	(1)
Uterine Prolapse	717	(1)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (Salpingitis, Endometritis)	718	(1)
Ovarian Tumors	719	(3)
Persistent Anovulation (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome)	722	(1)
Painful Intercourse (Dyspareunia)	723	(1)
Infertility	724	(3)
Contraception	727	(8)
Rape	735	(1)
Menopausal Syndrome	736	(3)
Diagnosis & Differential Diagnosis of Pregnancy	739	(1)
Essentials of Prenatal Care	739	(3)
Nutrition in Pregnancy	742	(1)
Travel & Immunizations During Pregnancy	743	(1)
Vomiting of Pregnancy (Morning Sickness) & Hyperemesis Gravidarum (Pernicious Vomiting of Pregnancy)	743	(1)
Spontaneous Abortion	744	(1)
Recurrent (Habitual) Abortion	745	(1)
Ectopic Pregnancy	745	(2)
Preeclampsia-Eclampsia	747	(2)
Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (Hydatidiform Mole & Choriocarcinoma)	749	(1)
Third-Trimester Bleeding	750	(1)
Medical Conditions Complicating Pregnancy	751	(7)
Surgical Complications During Pregnancy	758	(1)
Prevention of Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn (Erythroblastosis Fetalis)	759	(1)
Prevention of Preterm (Premature) Labor	759	(1)
Lactation	760	(3)
Puerperal Mastitis	763	(1)
19. Allergic & Immunologic Disorders	764	(17)
Jeffrey L. Kishiyama, MD, & Daniel C. Adelman, MD
Atopic Disease	764	(6)
Allergic Rhinitis	764	(3)
Anaphylaxis, Urticaria, & Angioedema	767	(1)
Drug Allergy	768	(1)
Immune Complex Disease (Serum Sickness)	769	(1)
Pseudoallergic Reactions	770	(1)
Immunodeficiency Disorders	770	(3)
Selective Immunoglobulin A Deficiency	771	(1)
Common Variable Immunodeficiency	771	(1)
Diseases of Immunoglobulin Overproduction (Gammopathies)	772	(1)
Autoimmunity	773	(1)
Autoimmune Diseases	774	(1)
Tests for Autoantibodies Associated With Autoimmune Disease	774	(1)
Immunogenetics & Transplantation	774	(6)
Associations Between HLA Antigens & Specific Diseases	774	(3)
Clinical Transplantation	777	(1)
Mechanism of Action of Immunosuppressive Drugs	778	(2)
Immunomodulating Therapies	780	(1)
20. Arthritis & Musculoskeletal Disorders	781	(56)
David B. Hellmann, MD, FACP, & John H. Stone, MD, MPH
Diagnosis & Evaluation	781	(1)
Degenerative & Crystal-Induced Arthritis	781	(8)
Pain Syndromes	789	(11)
Autoimmune Diseases	800	(16)
Vasculitis Syndromes	816	(8)
Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies	824	(4)
Infectious Arthritis	828	(2)
Infections of Bones	830	(4)
Tumors & Tumor-Like Lesions of Bone	834	(1)
Other Rheumatic Disorders	835	(1)
Some Orthopedic Procedures for Arthritic Joints	836	(1)
21. Fluid & Electrolyte Disorders	837	(30)
Masafumi Fukagawa, MD, PhD, Kiyoshi Kurokawa, MD, MACP, & Maxine A. Papadakis, MD
Disorders of Sodium Concentration	838	(6)
Hyperosmolar Disorders & Osmolar Gaps	844	(1)
Disorders of Potassium Concentration	845	(4)
Disorders of Calcium Concentration	849	(3)
Disorders of Phosphorus Concentration	852	(3)
Disorders of Magnesium Concentration	855	(1)
Acid-Base Disorders	856	(10)
Fluid Management	866	(1)
22. Kidney	867	(35)
Suzanne Watnick, MD, & Gail Morrison, MD
Approach to Renal Disease	867	(4)
Acute Renal Failure	871	(6)
Chronic Kidney Disease	877	(7)
Glomerulonephropathies	884	(7)
Nephrotic Disease in Primary Renal Disorders	891	(2)
Nephrotic Disease from Systemic Disorders	893	(1)
Diseases Demonstrating Nephritic & Nephrotic Components	894	(1)
Tubulointerstitial Diseases	895	(2)
Cystic Diseases of the Kidney	897	(2)
Multisystem Diseases with Variable Kidney Involvement	899	(1)
The Kidney & Aging	900	(2)
23. Urology	902	(42)
Marshall L. Stoller, MD, & Peter R. Carroll, MD, FACS
Urologic Evaluation	902	(4)
Evaluation of Hematuria	906	(1)
Genitourinary Tract Infections	907	(7)
Acute Cystitis	908	(1)
Acute Pyelonephritis	909	(2)
Acute Bacterial Prostatitis	911	(1)
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis	911	(1)
Nonbacterial Prostatitis	912	(1)
Prostatodynia	913	(1)
Acute Epididymitis	913	(1)
Urinary Stone Disease	914	(4)
Urinary Incontinence	918	(3)
Male Erectile Dysfunction & Sexual Dysfunction	921	(2)
Male Infertility	923	(2)
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia	925	(7)
Malignant Genitourinary Tract Disorders	932	(12)
Prostate Cancer	932	(5)
Bladder Cancer	937	(2)
Cancers of the Ureter & Renal Pelvis	939	(1)
Primary Tumors of the Kidney	940	(1)
Secondary Tumors of the Kidney	941	(1)
Primary Tumors of the Testis	941	(2)
Secondary Tumors of the Testis	943	(1)
24. Nervous System	944	(63)
Michael J. Aminoff MD, DSc, FRCP
Headache	944	(4)
Facial Pain	948	(2)
Epilepsy	950	(6)
Dysautonomia	956	(1)
Sensory Disturbances	957	(1)
Weakness & Paralysis	958	(1)
Transient Ischemic Attacks	958	(2)
Stroke	960	(9)
Intracranial & Spinal Space-Occupying Lesions	969	(5)
Nonmetastatic Neurologic Complications of Malignant Disease	974	(1)
Pseudotumor Cerebri (Benign Intracranial Hypertension)	975	(1)
Selected Neurocutaneous Diseases	975	(1)
Movement Disorders	976	(7)
Dementia	983	(1)
Multiple Sclerosis	983	(2)
Vitamin E Deficiency	985	(1)
Spasticity	985	(1)
Myelopathies in AIDS	985	(1)
Myelopathy of Human T Cell Leukemia Virus Infection	985	(1)
Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord	986	(1)
Wernicke's Encephalopathy	986	(1)
Stupor & Coma	986	(2)
Head Injury	988	(2)
Spinal Trauma	990	(1)
Syringomyelia	990	(1)
Motor Neuron Diseases	991	(1)
Peripheral Neuropathies	992	(7)
Discogenic Neck Pain	999	(2)
Brachial & Lumbar Plexus Lesions	1001	(1)
Disorders of Neuromuscular Transmission	1002	(2)
Myopathic Disorders	1004	(2)
Periodic Paralysis Syndrome	1006	(1)
25. Psychiatric Disorders	1007	(61)
Stuart". Eisendrath, MD, & Jonathan E. Lichtmacher, MD
Psychiatric Assessment	1007	(3)
Treatment Approaches	1010	(1)
Common Psychiatric Disorders	1011	(40)
Substance Use Disorders (Drug Dependency, Drug Abuse)	1051	(9)
Delirium, Dementia, & Other Cognitive Disorders (Formerly Organic Brain Syndrome)	1060	(3)
Geriatric Psychiatric Disorders	1063	(1)
Psychiatric Problems Associated With Hospitalization & Medical & Surgical Disorders	1064	(4)
26. Endocrinology	1068	(89)
Paul A. Fitzgerald, MD
Common Presentations in Endocrinology	1068	(5)
Diseases of the Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland	1073	(11)
Diseases of the Thyroid Gland	1084	(29)
The Parathyroids	1113	(7)
Metabolic Bone Disease	1120	(7)
Diseases of the Adrenal Cortex	1127	(11)
Diseases of the Adrenal Medulla	1138	(4)
Pancreatic & Duodenal Neuroendocrine Tumors	1142	(1)
Diseases of the Testes	1143	(4)
Amenorrhea & Menopause	1147	(7)
Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia	1154	(1)
Clinical Use of Glucocorticoids	1155	(2)
27. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia	1157	(45)
Umesh Masharani, MB, BS, MRCP(UK)
Diabetes Mellitus	1157	(33)
Diabetic Coma	1190	(6)
The Hypoglycemic States	1196	(6)
28. Lipid Abnormalities	1202	(12)
Robert B. Baron, MD, MS
Lipids & Lipoproteins	1202	(1)
Lipoproteins & Atherogenesis	1202	(1)
Lipid Fractions & the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease	1203	(1)
Therapeutic Effects of Lowering Cholesterol	1204	(1)
Secondary Conditions That Affect Lipid Metabolism	1205	(1)
Clinical Presentations	1205	(1)
Screening for High Blood Cholesterol	1206	(3)
Treatment of High LDL Cholesterol	1209	(4)
High Blood Triglycerides	1213	(1)
29. Nutrition	1214	(29)
Robert B. Baron, MD, MS
Nutritional Requirements	1214	(6)
Assessment of Nutritional Status	1220	(2)
Nutritional Disorders	1222	(5)
Eating Disorders	1227	(2)
Disorders of Vitamin Metabolism	1229	(5)
Diet Therapy	1234	(3)
Nutritional Support	1237	(6)
30. General Problems in Infectious Diseases	1243	(31)
Richard A. Jacobs, MD, PhD
Fever of Unknown Origin	1243	(2)
Infections in the Immunocompromised Patient	1245	(3)
Nosocomial Infections	1248	(2)
Infections of the Central Nervous System	1250	(3)
Animal & Human Bite Wounds	1253	(1)
Sexually Transmitted Diseases	1254	(1)
Infections in Drug Users	1255	(1)
Acute Infectious Diarrhea	1256	(1)
Traveler's Diarrhea	1257	(3)
Active Immunization Against Infectious Diseases	1260	(12)
Recommended Immunization of Infants, Children, & Adolescents	1260	(1)
Recommended Immunization of Adults	1260	(10)
Recommended Immunizations for Travelers	1270	(2)
Hypersensitivity Tests & Desensitization	1272	(2)
31. HIV Infection	1274	(30)
Mitchell H. Katz, MD, & Harry Hollander, MD
Epidemiology	1275	(2)
Etiology	1277	(1)
Pathogenesis	1277	(1)
Pathophysiology	1277	(1)
Clinical Findings	1277	(10)
Differential Diagnosis	1287	(1)
Prevention	1287	(3)
Treatment	1290	(12)
Course & Prognosis	1302	(2)
32. Infectious Diseases: Viral & Rickettsial	1304	(46)
Wayne X. Shandera, MD, & Ana Moran, MD
Viral Diseases	1304	(38)
Human Herpesviruses	1304	(12)
Major Vaccine-Preventable Viral Infections	1316	(6)
Other Neurotrophic Viruses	1322	(6)
Other Systemic Viral Diseases	1328	(5)
Common Viral Respiratory Infections	1333	(5)
Adenovirus Infections	1338	(1)
Other Exanthematous Viral Infections	1338	(2)
Viruses & Gastroenteritis	1340	(1)
Enteroviruses That Produce Several Syndromes	1340	(2)
Rickettsial Diseases	1342	(8)
Typhus Group	1342	(4)
Spotted Fevers	1346	(1)
Other Rickettsial & Rickettsial-Like Diseases	1347	(2)
Kawasaki Syndrome	1349	(1)
33. Infectious Diseases: Bacterial & Chlamydial	1350	(43)
Henry F. Chambers, MD
Infections Caused by Gram-Positive Bacteria	1350	(15)
Infective Endocarditis	1365	(5)
Infections Caused by Gram-Negative Bacteria	1370	(16)
Actinomycosis	1386	(1)
Nocardiosis	1387	(1)
Infections Caused by Mycobacteria	1387	(4)
Infections Caused by Chlamydiae	1391	(2)
34. Infectious Diseases: Spirochetal	1393	(20)
Richard A. Jacobs, MD, PhD
Syphilis	1393	(10)
Non-Sexually Transmitted Treponematoses	1403	(1)
Miscellaneous Spirochetal Diseases	1404	(2)
Relapsing Fever	1404	(1)
Rat-Bite Fever (Spirillary Rat-Bite Fever, Soduku)	1405	(1)
Leptospirosis	1405	(1)
Lyme Disease	1406	(7)
35. Infectious Diseases: Protozoal & Helminthic	1413	(72)
Robert S. Goldsmith, MD, MPH, D TM&H
Protozoal Infections	1413	(38)
African Trypanosomiasis (Sleeping Sickness)	1413	(2)
American Trypanosomiasis (Chagas' Disease)	1415	(2)
Amebiasis	1417	(5)
Infections With Pathogenic Free-Living Amebas	1422	(2)
Babesiosis (Piroplasmosis)	1424	(1)
Balantidiasis	1425	(1)
Coccidial & Microsporidial Infections: Cryptosporidiosis, Isosporiasis, Cyclosporiasis, & Sarcocystosis	1425	(1)
Giardiasis	1428	(1)
Leishmaniasis	1430	(1)
Malaria	1436	(1)
Toxoplasmosis	1447	(4)
Helminthic Infections	1451	(14)
Trematode (Fluke) Infections	1451	(1)
Schistosomiasis (Bilharziasis)	1451	(6)
Cestode Infections	1457	(8)
Nematode (Roundworm) Infections	1465	(20)
36. Infectious Diseases: Mycotic	1485	(15)
Samuel A. Shelburne, MD, & Richard J. Hamill, MD
Candidiasis	1485	(2)
Histoplasmosis	1487	(1)
Coccidioidomycosis	1488	(1)
Pneumocystosis (Pneumocystis jiroveci Pneumonia)	1489	(2)
Cryptococcosis	1491	(2)
Aspergillosis	1493	(1)
Mucormycosis	1494	(1)
Blastomycosis	1494	(1)
Paracoccidioidomycosis (South American Blastomycosis)	1495	(1)
Sporotrichosis	1495	(1)
Penicillium marneffei Infections	1495	(1)
Chromomblastomycosis (Chromomycosis)	1496	(1)
Mycetoma (Maduromycosis & Actinomycetoma)	1496	(1)
Other Opportunistic Mold Infections	1496	(3)
Antifungal Therapy	1499	(1)
37. Anti-infective Chemotherapeutic & Antibiotic Agents	1500	(39)
Richard A. Jacobs, MD, PhD, & B. Joseph Guglielmo, PharmD
Some Principles of Antimicrobial Therapy	1500	(9)
Penicillins	1509	(5)
Cephalosporins	1514	(3)
Other (β-Lactam Drugs	1517	(1)
Erythromycin Group (Macrolides)	1518	(1)
Azalides	1519	(1)
Ketolides	1519	(1)
Tetracycline Group	1520	(1)
Chloramphenicol	1521	(1)
Aminoglycosides	1521	(2)
Polymyxins	1523	(1)
Antituberculous Drugs	1524	(1)
Alternative Drugs in Tuberculosis Treatment	1524	(1)
Sulfonamides & Antifolate Drugs	1524	(1)
Sulfones Used in the Treatment of Leprosy	1525	(1)
Specialized Drugs Used Against Bacteria	1526	(2)
Streptogramins	1528	(1)
Oxazolidinones	1528	(1)
Daptomycin	1528	(1)
Quinolones	1528	(3)
Pentamidine & Atovaquone	1531	(1)
Urinary Antiseptics	1531	(1)
Antifungal Drugs	1531	(4)
Antiviral Chemotherapy	1535	(4)
38. Disorders Due to Physical Agents	1539	(19)
Richard Cohen, MD, MPH, & Brent R.W. Moelleken, MD, FACS
Disorders Due to Cold	1539	(4)
Disorders Due to Heat	1543	(3)
Burns	1546	(4)
Electric Shock	1550	(1)
Ionizing Radiation Reactions	1550	(2)
Drowning	1552	(2)
Other Disorders Due to Physical Agents	1554	(4)
39. Poisoning	1558	(31)
Kent R. Olson, MD
Initial Evaluation of the Patient with Poisoning or Drug Overdose	1558	(1)
The Symptomatic Patient	1558	(3)
Antidotes & Other Treatment	1561	(3)
Diagnosis of Poisoning	1564	(1)
Clinical Laboratory Tests in Management of Poisoning	1565	(1)
Selected Poisonings	1566	(23)
40. Cancer	1589	(63)
Hope S. Rugo, MD
Incidence & Etiology	1589	(6)
Prevention of Cancer	1595	(12)
Primary Prevention	1595	(8)
Secondary Prevention (Early Detection)	1603	(3)
Special Topics in Prevention	1606	(1)
Staging of Cancer	1607	(1)
Primary Cancer Treatment	1607	(27)
Surgery & Radiation Therapy	1607	(3)
Systemic Cancer Therapy	1610	(17)
Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Micrometastases	1627	(2)
Toxicity & Dose Modification of Chemotherapeutic Agents	1629	(5)
Evaluation of Tumor Response	1634	(2)
Tumor Size	1634	(1)
Tumor Markers	1635	(1)
General Well-Being, Performance Status, & Supportive Care	1636	(1)
Cancer Complications: Diagnosis & Management	1637	(4)
Oncologic Emergencies	1637	(4)
Other Complications	1641	(2)
The Paraneoplastic Syndromes	1643	(3)
Novel Therapies for Cancer Treatment	1646	(4)
Alternative & Complementary Therapies for Cancer Treatment	1650	(2)
41. Medical Genetics	1652	(23)
Reed E. Pyeritz, MD, PhD
Introduction to Medical Genetics	1652	(7)
Genes & Chromosomes	1652	(2)
Mutation	1654	(1)
Genes in Individuals	1655	(1)
Genes in Families	1655	(3)
Disorders of Multifactorial Causation	1658	(1)
Chromosomal Aberrations	1659	(1)
The Techniques of Medical Genetics	1659	(10)
Family History & Pedigree Analysis	1660	(1)
Cytogenetics	1660	(1)
Biochemical Genetics	1661	(2)
DNA Analysis	1663	(2)
Prenatal Diagnosis	1665	(2)
Neoplasia: Chromosomal & DNA Analysis	1667	(2)
Selected Genetic Disorders	1669	(6)
Acute Intermittent Porphyria	1669	(1)
Alkaptonuria	1670	(1)
Down's Syndrome	1670	(1)
Fragile X Mental Retardation	1671	(1)
Gaucher's Disease	1671	(1)
Homocystinuria	1672	(1)
Homocysteine & Arterial Occlusive Disease	1672	(1)
Klinefelter's Syndrome	1673	(1)
Marfan's Syndrome	1673	(2)
42. Diagnostic Testing & Medical Decision Making	1675	(11)
C. Diana Nicoll, MD, PhD, MPA, & Michael Pignone, MD, MPH
Benefits; Costs & Risks	1675	(1)
Performance of Diagnostic Tests	1675	(1)
Test Characteristics	1676	(3)
Use of Tests in Diagnosis & Management	1679	(1)
Odds-Likelihood Ratios	1680	(6)
43. Information Technology in Patient Care: The Internet, Telemedicine, & Clinical Decision Support	1686	(10)
Rick Kulkarni, MD, &Justin Graham, MD, MS
The Internet in Clinical Practice	1686	(1)
Information Reliability & Quality Assessment	1687	(1)
Legal Aspects of Medical Informatics	1688	(1)
Patient-Clinician Electronic Communication	1689	(1)
Interactive Forums	1690	(1)
Telemedicine	1691	(1)
Clinical Decision Support Systems	1692	(2)
Personal Digital Assistants (Handhelds)	1694	(1)
Medical Coding & Terminology	1694	(2)
44. Complementary & Alternative Medicine	1696	(24)
Ellen F. Hughes, MD, PhD, Bradly P. Jacobs, MD, MPH, & Brian M. Berman, MD
Herbal Medicines	1697	(9)
Dietary Supplements	1706	(3)
Acupuncture	1709	(7)
Homeopathy	1716	(4)
Appendix: Therapeutic Drug Monitoring & Laboratory Reference Ranges	1720	(11)
C. Diana Nicoll, MD, PhD, MPA
Index	1731