Darwin (Norton Critical Editions)

by Darwin, Charles; Appleman, Philip

• ISBN13: 9780393958492
• ISBN10: 0393958493
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2000-12-19
• Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company

Summary

The impact of Charles Darwin#xE2;#x80;#x99;s work on Western civilization has beenbroad and deep. As much as anyone in the modern era, he changed humanthought, and his influence is still felt in virtually all aspects ofour lives. This new edition, larger and more varied than the previousones, includes more of Darwin's own work and also presents the mostrecent research and scholarship on all aspects of Darwin#xE2;#x80;#x99;s legacy. Thebiological sciences, as well as social thought, philosophy, ethics,religion, and literature, have all been shaped and reshaped byevolutionary concepts. Excerpts from the most important books and articles of recent yearsconfirm this Darwinian heritage. New work by Richard Dawkins, Edward O.Wilson, Kevin Padian, Eugene C. Scott, Steven Pinker, Daniel Dennett,Michael Ruse, Frans de Waal, Noretta Koertge, George C. Williams,George Levine, Stephen Jay Gould, Gillian Beer, Ernst Mayr, and manyothers illuminates this exciting intellectual history. A wide-rangingnew introduction by the editor provides context and coherence to thisrich body of engaging material, much of which will be shaping humanthought well into the new century. This edition will be useful to scientists and historians alike: "TheNorton Darwin explains Darwinian evolution and illustrates the socialand intellectual conflicts of the past two centuries better than anyother book that I am aware of." (Charles Taylor, Professor of Biology,Ecology, and Evolution, University of California, Los Angeles) And it will be of great value to the humanities and social sciences aswell: "The edition provides the sharpest and most exciting access toDarwin we have ever had. It shows all of us interested in the heart ofour intellectual heritage how that heritage is sustained, manipulated,and honored." (James R. Kincaid, Aerol Arnold Professor of English,University of Southern California) A Selected Bibliography and an Index are included.

Table of Contents

Preface	xv
Part I: Introduction	1	(20)
Darwin: On Changing the Mind (2000)	3	(18)
Philip Appleman
Part II: Darwin's Life	21	(10)
Who Is Darwin? (1991)	23	(8)
Ernst Mayr
Part III: Scientific Thought: Just before Darwin	31	(34)
Biology before the Beagle (1964)	33	(6)
Gavin de Beer
An Essay on the Principle of Population (1798)	39	(2)
Thomas Robert Malthus
Natural Theology (1802)	41	(3)
William Paley
Zoological Philosophy (1809)	44	(5)
Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet Lamarck
Principles of Geology (1830-33)	49	(3)
Charles Lyell
The Study of Natural Philosophy (1830)	52	(5)
John Herschel
Astronomy and General Physics Considered with Reference to Natural Theology (1833)	57	(4)
William Whewell
On the Tendency of Varieties to Depart Indefinitely from the Original Type (1858)	61	(4)
Alfred Russel Wallace
Part IV: Selections from Darwin's Work	65	(190)
The Voyage of the Beagle (1845)	67	(15)
St. Jago---Cape de Verd Islands	67	(1)
Galapagos Archipelago	67	(15)
On the Tendency of Species to Form Varieties; and On the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection (1858)	82	(5)
Extract from an unpublished Work on Species	82	(3)
C. Darwin
Abstract of a Letter from C. Darwin, Esq., to Prof. Asa Gray, Boston, U.S., dated Down, September 5th, 1857	85	(2)
An Historical Sketch of the Progress of Opinion on the Origin of Species, previously to the Publication of This Work (1861)	87	(8)
The Origin of Species (1859)	95	(80)
Introduction	95	(3)
Variation under Domestication	98	(8)
Variation under Nature	106	(1)
Struggle for Existence	107	(4)
Natural Selection	111	(24)
Difficulties on Theory	135	(12)
On the Imperfections of the Geological Record	147	(4)
Mutual Affinities of Organic Beings: Morphology: Embryology: Rudimentary Organs	151	(7)
Recapitulation and Conclusion	158	(17)
The Descent of Man (1871)	175	(80)
Introduction	175	(2)
The Evidence of the Descent of Man from Some Lower Form	177	(17)
On the Manner of Development of Man from Some Lower Form	194	(19)
Comparison of the Mental Powers of Man and the Lower Animals	213	(9)
On the Affinities and Genealogy of Man	222	(8)
Principles of Sexual Selection	230	(2)
Secondary Sexual Characters of Man	232	(7)
Secondary Sexual Characters of Man-continued	239	(4)
General Summary and Conclusion	243	(12)
Part V: Darwin's Influence on Science	255	(132)
The Victorian Opposition to Darwin	257	(19)
Darwin and His Critics (1983)	257	(8)
David L. Hull
Objections to Mr. Darwin's Theory of the Origin of Species (1860)	265	(2)
Adam Sedgwick
Darwin on the Origin of Species (1860)	267	(4)
Richard Owen
Review of the Origin of Species (1867)	271	(5)
Fleeming Jenkin
Victorian Supporters of Darwin	276	(13)
Flora Tasmaniae (1859)	276	(4)
Joseph Dalton Hooker
On the Relations of Man to the Lower Animals (1863)	280	(5)
Thomas Henry Huxley
Principles of Geology (1867)	285	(2)
Charles Lyell
The Debt of Science to Darwin (1883)	287	(2)
Alfred Russel Wallace
Darwin and the Shaping of Modern Science	289	(98)
Scientific Method in Evolution	289	(1)
National Academy of Sciences Evolution and the Nature of Science (1999)	289	(12)
Explaining the Very Improabable (1987)	301	(3)
Richard Dawkins
On the Uncertainty of Science (1980)	304	(4)
Lewis Thomas
Postmodernisms and the Problem of Scientific Literacy (1998)	308	(6)
Noretta Koertge
Science and Sensibility (1999)	314	(5)
Richard Dawkins
The Neo-Darwinian Synthesis	319	(1)
The Evolutionary Synthesis (1984)	319	(7)
Peter Bowler
The Human Genealogy	326	(1)
The Chosen Primate (1994)	326	(9)
Adam Kuper
Out of Africa Again... and Again? (1997)	335	(7)
Lan Tattersall
The Human Difference (1999)	342	(2)
Stephen Jay Gould
Punctuated Equilibrium	344	(1)
[On Punctuated Equilibrium] (1991)	344	(5)
Stephen Jay Gould
The Great Stasis Debate (1995)	349	(7)
Niles Eldredge
Rethinking Taxonomy	356	(1)
Darwin's Views of Classification (1999)	356	(5)
Kevin Padian
Cladistic Analysis (1988)	361	(2)
David L. Hull
[Cladistics in Action: The Origin of Birds and Their Flight] (1998)	363	(10)
Kevin Padian
Luis M. Chiappe
Evolution as Observable Fact	373	(1)
How Natural Selection Operates (1996)	373	(4)
James L. Gould
William T. Keeton
Carol Grant Gould
Natural Selection and Darwin's Finches (1991)	377	(7)
Peter R. Grant
Natural Selection in the Wild (1986)	384	(3)
John A. Endler
Part VI: Darwinian Patterns in Social Thought	387	(94)
Competition and Cooperation	389	(20)
The Vogue of Spencer (1955)	389	(7)
Richard Hofstadter
The Gospel of Wealth (1900)	396	(2)
Andrew Carnegie
Mutual Aid (1902)	398	(5)
Peter Kropotkin
The Arthmetics of Mutual Help (1995)	403	(6)
Martin A. Nowak
Robert M. May
Karl Sigmund
Nature and Nurture	409	(17)
Sociobiology: The New Synthesis (1975)	409	(6)
Edward O. Wilson
Biological Potentiality vs. Biological Determinism (1977)	415	(5)
Stephen Jay Gould
The New Creationism: Biology under Attack (1997)	420	(6)
Barbara Ehrenreich
Janet McIntosh
Evolution and Gender	426	(24)
The Woman's Bible (1898)	426	(1)
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
On Becomming Human (1981)	427	(9)
Nancy Makepeace Tanner
Darwin and the Descent of Woman (1983)	436	(8)
Evelleen Richards
Woman Red in Tooth and Claw (1989)	444	(6)
James Eli Adams
Evolution and Other Disciplines	450	(31)
[On Consilience] (1998)	450	(9)
Edward O. Wilson
Evolution and the Origins of Disease (1998)	459	(6)
Randolph M. Nesse
George C. Williams
How the Mind Works (1997)	465	(12)
Steven Pinker
The Set within the Skull (1997)	477	(4)
Steve Jones
Part VII: Darwinian Influences in Philosophy and Ethics	481	(44)
The Influence of Darwin on Philosophy (1909)	483	(6)
John Dewey
Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Natural Selection as an Algorithmic Process (1995)	489	(4)
Daniel C. Dennett
Darwinian Epistemology (1998)	493	(8)
Michael Ruse
Evolution and Ethics (1893)	501	(2)
Thomas Henry Huxley
Evolutionary Ethics (1943)	503	(4)
Julian Huxley
The Evolution of Ethics (1985)	507	(4)
Michael Ruse
Edward O. Wilson
Good Natured: The Origin of Right and Wrong in Humans and Other Animals (1996)	511	(6)
Frans de Waal
The Origins of Virtue (1997)	517	(8)
Matt Ridley
Part VIII: Evolutionary Theory and Religious Theory	525	(106)
Mainstream Religious Support for Evolution	527	(7)
Message to the Pontifical Academy of Sciences (1996)	527	(2)
Pope John Paul II
Central Conference of American Rabbis On Creationism in School Textbooks (1984)	529	(1)
United Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A. Evolution and Creationism (1982)	529	(2)
The Lutheran World Federation [Statement on Evolution] (1965)	531	(1)
The General Convention of the Episcopal Church Resolution on Evolutionism and Creationism (1982)	532	(1)
Unitarian Universalist Association Resolution Opposing ``Scientific Creationism'' (1982)	533	(1)
Fundamentalist Creationism	534	(43)
Antievolution and Creationism in the United States (1997)	534	(8)
Eugenie C. Scott
The Scopes Trial (1925)	542	(7)
Orthodox Jewish Creationists (2000)	549	(2)
Thomas McIver
[Islamic Creationism] (1997)	551	(2)
Harun Yahya
[A Hare Krishna on Darwinian Evolution] (1977)	553	(2)
Swami Srila Prabhupada
Institute for Creation Research Tenets of Creationism (1998)	555	(2)
Scientific Creationism (1985)	557	(7)
Henry M. Morris
Review of Morris (1992)	564	(5)
Thomas J. Wheeler
Evolution at the Grass Roots (1998)	569	(3)
Richard D. Sjolund
Betty McCollister
[Creationism versus Biotechnology] (1998)	569	(1)
Richard D. Sjolund
[The Politics of Creationism] (1998)	570	(2)
Betty McCollister
What Do Christians Really Believe about Evolution? (1998)	572	(2)
Molleen Matsumura
National Center for Science Education Seven Significant Court Decisions Regarding Evolution/Creation Issues (1998)	574	(3)
Personal Incredulity and Antievolutionism	577	(36)
[The Argument from Personal Incredulity] (1987)	577	(4)
Richard Dawkins
Darwin on Trial (1991)	581	(5)
Phillip E. Johnson
Review of Johnson (1992)	586	(6)
Eugenie C. Scott
Darwin's Black Box (1996)	592	(9)
Michael Behe
Review of Behe (1997)	601	(4)
Robert Dorit
Darwin's New Critics on Trial (1998)	605	(8)
Michael Ruse
Scientists' Opposition to Creationism	613	(11)
American Association for the Advancement of Science Forced Teaching of Creationist Beliefs in Public School Science Education (1982)	613	(1)
American Institute of Biological Science Resolution Opposing Creationism in Science Courses (1999)	614	(1)
National Association of Biology Teachers Statement on Teaching Evolution (1998)	615	(2)
National Academy of Sciences Frequently Asked Questions about Evolution and the Nature of Science (1998)	617	(7)
Fundamentalist Creationism and the Value of Satire	624	(7)
Genesis Revisited: A Scientific Creation Story (1998)	625	(2)
Michael Shermer
Darwin's Ark (1984)	627	(4)
Philip Appleman
Part IX: Darwin and the Literary Mind	631	(2)
Darwin's Literary Sensibility	633	(1)
Autobiography (1876)	633
Charles Darwin