Dimensional Analysis for Meds

by Curren, Anna M.

• ISBN13: 9780918082084
• ISBN10: 0918082080
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-01-01
• Publisher: Thomson Delmar Learning

Summary

"Add a dimension to your knowledge. With Curren's Dimensional Analysis for Meds, Third Edition, you find out just how easy it can be to calculate dosages correctly. No prior knowledge of calculation is necessary, as a building-block organization is employed to cover basic facts and tips regarding drug measures, reading medication labels, and syringe calibrations. Once competency is established, more complex concepts are presented, such as intravenous and pediatric calculations, as well as numerous opportunities to practice your new skills. A conversational style accompanies this effective learning progression, revealing Dimensional Analysis for Meds as simply the most effective tool for learning dosage calculations."--BOOK JACKET.

Table of Contents

Directions to the Student	p. vii
Refresher Math	p. 1
Relative Value, Addition, and Subtraction of Decimals	p. 3
Relative Value of Decimals	p. 3
Addition and Subtraction of Decimals	p. 7
Summary	p. 8
Summary Self Test	p. 8
Multiplication and Division of Decimals	p. 11
Multiplication of Decimals	p. 11
Division of Decimals	p. 12
Elimination of Decimal Points	p. 13
Reduction of Fractions	p. 14
Reduction of Numbers Ending in Zero	p. 15
Expressing to the Nearest Tenth	p. 16
Expressing to the Nearest Hundredth	p. 17
Summary	p. 18
Summary Self Test	p. 18
Solving Common Fraction Equations	p. 20
Whole Number Equations	p. 20
Decimal Fraction Equations	p. 23
Multiple Number Equations	p. 26
Summary	p. 28
Summary Self Test	p. 28
Introduction to Drug Measures	p. 31
Metric, International (SI) System	p. 33
Basic Units of the Metric/SI System	p. 33
Metric/SI Prefixes	p. 34
Metric/SI Abbreviations	p. 34
Variations of Metric/SI Abbreviations	p. 35
Metric/SI Notation Rules	p. 35
Conversion Between Metric/SI Units	p. 37
Common Errors in Metric/SI Dosages	p. 39
Summary	p. 40
Summary Self Test	p. 40
Additional Drug Measures: Unit, Percentage, Milliequivalent, Ratio, Apothecary, Household	p. 42
International Units (U)	p. 42
Percentage (%) Measures	p. 43
Milliequivalent (mEq) Measures	p. 43
Ratio Measures	p. 44
Apothecary and Household Measures	p. 45
Apothecary/Household Notations	p. 46
Apothecary/Household To Metric/SI Equivalents Table	p. 46
The Apothecary/Metric Conversion Clock	p. 47
Summary	p. 48
Summary Self Test	p. 48
Reading Medication Labels and Syringe Calibrations	p. 51
Reading Oral Medication Labels	p. 53
Tablet and Capsule Labels	p. 54
Tablet/Capsule Dosage Calculation	p. 57
Oral Solution Labels	p. 61
Measurement of Oral Solutions	p. 62
Summary	p. 64
Summary Self Test	p. 65
Hypodermic Syringe Measurement	p. 71
Standard 3 cc Syringe	p. 71
Tuberculin Syringe	p. 75
Tubex and Carpuject Cartridges	p. 77
5, 6, 10, and 12 cc Syringes	p. 80
20 cc and Larger Syringes	p. 82
Summary	p. 84
Summary Self Test	p. 84
Reading Parenteral Medication Labels	p. 88
Reading Metric/SI Solution Labels	p. 89
Percent (%) and Ratio Solution Labels	p. 90
Solutions Measured in International Units (U)	p. 91
Solutions Measured as Milliequivalents (mEq)	p. 92
Summary	p. 93
Summary Self Test	p. 94
Reconstitution of Powdered Drugs	p. 105
Reconstitution of a Single Strength Solution	p. 105
Reconstitution of Multiple Strength Solutions	p. 107
Reconstitution from Package Insert Directions	p. 108
Summary	p. 110
Summary Self test	p. 110
Measuring Insulin Dosages	p. 115
Types of Insulin	p. 115
U-100 Insulin and Syringes	p. 117
Lo-Dose Syringes	p. 117
I cc Capacity Syringes	p. 119
Combining Insulin Dosages	p. 121
Summary	p. 123
Summary Self Test	p. 123
Medication Administration Systems	p. 127
Medication Administration Records	p. 129
Medication Record 1	p. 131
Medication Record 2	p. 133
Medication Record 3	p. 135
Medication Record 4	p. 137
Summary	p. 137
Medication Card Administration	p. 138
Reading Medication Cards	p. 138
Summary	p. 139
Summary Self Test	p. 139
Dosage Calculation Using Dimensional Analysis	p. 143
Dosage Calculation Using Dimensional Analysis	p. 145
The Basic DA Equation	p. 145
Equations Requiring Metric Conversions	p. 151
Summary	p. 154
Summary Self Test	p. 155
Dosage Calculation from Body Weight, and Body Surface Area	p. 171
Adult and Pediatric Dosages Based on Body Weight	p. 173
Converting lb to kg	p. 173
Converting kg to lb	p. 174
Calculating Dosages from Drug Label Information	p. 175
Calculating Dosages from Drug Literature	p. 178
Summary	p. 181
Summary Self Test	p. 181
Adult and Pediatric Dosages Based on Body Surface Area	p. 187
Calculating BSA from kg and cm	p. 187
Calculating BSA from lb and in	p. 189
Dosage Calculation Based on BSA	p. 190
Assessing Orders Based on BSA	p. 191
Calculation of BSA Using a Nomogram	p. 192
Use of the West Nomogram	p. 193
Summary	p. 195
Summary Self Test	p. 195
Intravenous Calculations	p. 199
Introduction to IV Therapy	p. 201
Primary Line	p. 201
Secondary Line	p. 203
Volume Controlled Burettes	p. 205
Indwelling Infusion Ports	p. 205
Electronic Infusion Devices (EID's)	p. 206
Electronic Rate Controllers	p. 206
Volumetric Pumps	p. 207
Syringe Pumps	p. 209
Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) Devices	p. 209
Introduction to IV Fluids	p. 210
Determining Percentages in IV Fluids	p. 211
Parenteral Nutrition	p. 212
IV Medication Guidelines/Protocols	p. 212
Summary	p. 214
Summary Self Test	p. 215
IV Flow Rate Calculation	p. 217
IV Tubing Calibration	p. 217
Small Volume gtt/min Calculation	p. 219
Large Volume gtt/min Calculation from mL/hr Ordered	p. 221
Division Factor Method of Calculation	p. 223
Regulating Flow Rate	p. 225
Correcting Off-Schedule Rates	p. 225
Summary	p. 227
Summary Self Test	p. 228
Calculating IV Infusion Times	p. 230
Calculating from Volume and Hourly Rate Ordered	p. 230
Calculating Large Volume Infusion Time from gtt/min, Volume and Set Calibration	p. 232
Calculating Small Volume Infusion Time from gtt/min, Volume and Set Calibration	p. 234
Determining Infusion Completion Time	p. 236
Labeling Solution Bags/Bottles with Infusion Time	p. 238
Summary	p. 241
Summary Self Test	p. 242
IV Medication and Titration Calculations	p. 246
Calculating mL/hr Rate from Dosage Ordered	p. 247
Calculating gtt/min Rate from Dosage Ordered	p. 249
Calculating mL/hr Rate from Dosage per kg Ordered	p. 251
Calculating Dosage Infusing from Flow Rate	p. 253
Titration of Infusions	p. 255
Summary	p. 259
Summary Self Test	p. 260
Heparin Infusion Calculations	p. 263
Calculating mL/hr Flow Rate from U/hr Ordered	p. 263
Calculating gtt/min Flow Rate from U/hr Ordered	p. 265
Calculating U/hr Infusing from mL/hr Infusing	p. 268
Calculating U/hr Infusing from Solution Strength, Set Calibation and gtt/min Rate	p. 270
Reading Heparin Labels and Preparing IV Solutions	p. 273
Summary	p. 274
Summary Self Test	p. 274
Pediatric Medication Calculations	p. 277
Pediatric Oral and Parenteral Medications	p. 279
Oral Medications	p. 279
IM and s.c. Medications	p. 281
Summary	p. 281
Summary Self Test	p. 282
Pediatric Intravenous Medications	p. 286
Methods of IV Medication Administration	p. 286
Medication Administration Via Burette	p. 287
Comparing IV Dosages Ordered with Protocols	p. 291
Summary	p. 294
Summary Self Test	p. 295
Index	p. 299
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