9780789559371

Discovering Computers 2001

by ; ;
  • ISBN13:

    9780789559371

  • ISBN10:

    0789559374

  • Format: Paperback
  • Copyright: 2000-03-01
  • Publisher: Course Technology Ptr
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Summary

With the latest edition of this classroom success, Shelly and Cashman have successfully blended coverage of cutting-edge technology with core computer concepts to make learning about computers interesting and easy. Discovering Computers 2001: Concepts for a Connected World fosters online course development with its integration of the World Wide Web and enhanced end-of-chapter material supported by WebCT and CyberClass.

Table of Contents

Preface ix
Introduction to Using Computers
Objectives
1(1)
Computer Literacy
2(1)
What is a Computer and What Does it do?
3(2)
The Components of a Computer
5(3)
Input Devices
5(1)
Output Devices
6(1)
System Unit
6(1)
Storage Devices
7(1)
Communications Devices
8(1)
Why is a Computer so Powerful?
8(1)
Speed
8(1)
Reliability
8(1)
Accuracy
8(1)
Storage
8(1)
Communications
8(1)
Computer Software
9(5)
System Software
10(2)
Application Software
12(1)
Software Development
13(1)
Networks and the Internet
14(4)
Categories of Computers
18(1)
Personal computers
19(5)
Desktop Computers
20(2)
Portable Computers
22(2)
Minicomputers
24(1)
Mainframe Computers
24(1)
Supercomputers
24(1)
Examples of Computer Usage
25(11)
Home User
26(2)
Small Business User
28(2)
Mobile User
30(2)
Large Business User
32(2)
Power User
34(2)
Computer User as a Provider of Information
36(2)
Technology Trailblazer --- Bill Gates
38(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Microsoft
39(1)
In Brief
40(2)
Key Terms
42(1)
At the Movies
43(1)
Checkpoint
44(1)
At Issue
45(1)
My Web Page
46(1)
Hands on
47(1)
Net Stuff
48
Milestones in Computer History
50
Application Software and the World Wide Web
Objectives
1(1)
Application Software
2(5)
The Role of the Operating System
2(1)
The Role of the User Interface
3(1)
Starting a Software Application
4(3)
Productivity Software
7(16)
Word Processing Software
8(4)
Spreadsheet Software
12(3)
Database Software
15(3)
Presentation Graphics Software
18(3)
Personal Information Managers
21(1)
Software Suite
21(1)
Project Management Software
22(1)
Accounting Software
22(1)
Graphics and Multimedia Software
23(4)
Computer-Aided Design
24(1)
Desktop Publishing Software (Professional)
24(1)
Paint/Image Editing Software (Professional)
25(1)
Video and Audio Editing Software
26(1)
Multimedia Authoring Software
26(1)
Web Page Authoring Software
27(1)
Software for Home, Personal, and Educational use
27(5)
Integrated Software
28(1)
Personal Finance Software
28(1)
Legal Software
29(1)
Tax Preparation Software
29(1)
Desktop Publishing (Personal)
30(1)
Paint/Image Editing Software (Personal)
30(1)
Clip Art/Image Gallery
31(1)
Home Design/Landscaping Software
31(1)
Educational/Reference/Personal Computer Entertainment Software
32(1)
Software for Communications
32(3)
Groupware
32(1)
Electronic Mail Software
33(1)
Web Browsers
34(1)
Browsing the World Wide Web
35(7)
Connecting to the Web and Starting a Browser
36(1)
Navigating Web Pages Using Links
37(2)
Using the Browser Toolbars
39(1)
Entering a URL
39(1)
Searching for Information on the Web
40(2)
Applications on the Web
42(2)
Application Service Providers
43(1)
Learning Aids and Support Tools
44(2)
Technology Trailblazer --- Marc Andreessen
46(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- America Online, Inc.
47(1)
In Brief
47(1)
Key Terms
48(4)
At the Movies
52(1)
Checkpoint
53(1)
At Issue
54(1)
My Web Page
55(1)
Hands On
56(1)
Net Stuff
57
Guide to World Wide Web Sites
58
The Components in the System Unit
Objectives
1(1)
The System Unit
2(2)
The Motherboard
3(1)
Central Processing Unit
4(7)
The Control Unit
5(1)
The Arithmetic/Logic Unit
6(1)
Pipelining
7(1)
Registers
8(1)
The System Clock
8(1)
Microprocessor Comparison
8(2)
Processor Installation and Upgrades
10(1)
Heat Sinks and Heat Pipes
11(1)
Coprocessors
11(1)
Parallel Processing
11(1)
Data Representation
11(3)
Memory
14(6)
RAM
15(2)
Cache
17(1)
ROM
18(1)
CMOS
19(1)
Memory Access Times
19(1)
Expansion Slots and Expansion Cards
20(1)
PC Cards
20(1)
Ports
21(5)
Serial Ports
23(1)
Parallel Ports
23(1)
Universal Serial Bus Port
24(1)
Special-Purpose Ports
24(2)
Buses
26(1)
Expansion Bus
26(1)
Bays
27(1)
Power Supply
28(1)
Laptop Computers
28(1)
Putting it All Together
29(1)
Technology Trailblazers --- Andy Grove and Gordon Moore
30(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Intel
31(1)
In Brief
32(2)
Key Terms
34(1)
At the Movies
35(1)
Checkpoint
36(1)
At Issue
37(1)
My Web Page
38(1)
Hands on
39(1)
Net Stuff
40
How Computer Chips Are Made
41
Input
Objectives
1(1)
What is Input?
2(1)
What Are Input Devices?
3(1)
The Keyboard
3(4)
Keyboard Types
6(1)
Pointing Devices
7(6)
Mouse
7(3)
Trackball
10(1)
Touchpad
11(1)
Pointing Stick
11(1)
Joystick
12(1)
Touch Screen
12(1)
Pen Input
12(1)
Scanners and Reading Devices
13(7)
Optical Scanner
14(2)
Optical Readers
16(3)
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition Reader
19(1)
Data Collection Devices
20(1)
Digital Cameras
20(2)
Audio and Video Input
22(4)
Audio Input
22(1)
Speech Recognition
22(2)
Video Input
24(1)
Videoconferencing
25(1)
Input Devices for Physically Challenged Users
26(1)
Putting it all Together
27(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Lou Gerstner
28(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- IBM
29(1)
In Brief
30(2)
Key Terms
32(1)
At the Movies
33(1)
Checkpoint
34(1)
At Issue
35(1)
My Web Page
36(1)
Hands on
37(1)
Net Stuff
38
Output
Objectives
1(1)
What is Output?
2(1)
What are Output Devices?
3(1)
Display Devices
3(8)
CRT Monitors
3(1)
Flat-Panel Displays
4(2)
Monitor Quality
6(2)
Video Cards
8(2)
Monitor Ergonomics
10(1)
High-Definition Television
11(1)
Printers
11(9)
Impact Printers
12(2)
Nonimpact Printers
14(4)
Portable Printers
18(1)
Plotters and Large-Format Printers
19(1)
Special-Purpose Printers
20(1)
Audio Output
20(1)
Other Output Devices
21(2)
Data Projectors
21(1)
Facsimile (Fax) Machine
22(1)
Multifunction Devices
23(1)
Terminals
23(1)
Output Devices for Physically Challenged Users
24(1)
Putting it all Together
25(1)
Technology Trailblazers --- William Hewlett and David Packard
26(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Hewlett-Packard
27(1)
In Brief
28(2)
Key Terms
30(1)
At the Movies
31(1)
Checkpoint
32(1)
At Issue
33(1)
My Web Page
34(1)
Hands on
35(1)
Net Stuff
36
Storage
Objectives
1(1)
Memory Versus Storage
2(2)
Memory
2(1)
Storage
2(2)
Floppy Disks
4(6)
Characteristics of Magnetic Media
5(1)
Characteristics of a Floppy Disk
6(1)
Floppy Disk Drives
7(2)
Care of Floppy Disks
9(1)
High-Capacity Floppy Disks
9(1)
Hard Disks
10(6)
Characteristics of a Hard Disk
11(1)
How a Hard Disk Works
12(2)
Removable Hard Disks
14(1)
Hard Disk Controllers
14(1)
RAID
15(1)
Maintaining Data Stored on a Hard Disk
16(1)
Compact Discs
16(7)
CD-ROMs
19(1)
DVD-ROMs
19(4)
Tapes
23(1)
PC Cards
24(1)
Other Types of Storage
25(2)
Smart Cards
25(1)
Microfilm and Microfiche
26(1)
Enterprise Storage Systems and Data Warehouses
26(1)
Putting it all Together
27(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Scott McNealy
28(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Silicon Graphics
29(1)
In Brief
30(2)
Key Terms
32(1)
At the Movies
33(1)
Checkpoint
34(1)
At Issue
35(1)
My Web Page
36(1)
Hands on
37(1)
Net Stuff
38
The Internet
Objectives
1(1)
The Internet
2(2)
History of the Internet
4(2)
How the Internet Works
6(4)
Internet Service Providers and Online Services
6(1)
Connecting to the Internet
7(1)
How Data Travels the Internet
7(1)
Internet Addresses
8(2)
The World Wide Web
10(8)
Search Engines
12(1)
Multimedia on the Web
12(6)
Webcasting
18(1)
Electronic Commerce
19(1)
Web Publishing
20(3)
Other Internet Services
23(7)
E-mail
23(2)
FTP
25(1)
Telnet
26(1)
Newsgroups and Message Boards
27(1)
Mailing Lists
28(1)
Chat Rooms
29(1)
Instant Messaging
29(1)
Portals
29(1)
Netiquette
30(1)
Using the Internet: Cookies and Security
31(2)
Cookies
32(1)
Internet Security
32(1)
Network Computers
33(1)
Web Appliances
33(1)
Wireless Web Communications
33(3)
Technology Trailblazer --- Tim Berners-Lee
36(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Yahoo!
37(1)
In Brief
38(2)
Key Terms
40(1)
At the Movies
41(1)
Checkpoint
42(1)
At Issue
43(1)
My Web Page
44(1)
Hands on
45(1)
Net Stuff
46
A Revolution in Merchandising
47
Operating Systems and Utility Programs
Objectives
1(1)
System Software
2(1)
Operating Systems
2(8)
User Interfaces
3(1)
Features of Operating Systems
4(2)
Functions of an Operating System
6(4)
Popular Operating Systems
10(7)
DOS
11(1)
Windows 3.x
12(1)
Windows 95
12(1)
Windows NT
12(1)
Windows 98
12(1)
Windows 2000
12(2)
Windows Millennium
14(1)
Windows CE
14(1)
Palm OS
14(1)
Mac OS
14(1)
OS/2
14(2)
UNIX
16(1)
Linux
16(1)
NetWare
17(1)
Starting a Computer
17(4)
Boot Disk
20(1)
Utility Programs
21(5)
Technology Trailblazers --- Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs
26(1)
Companies on the Cutting Edge --- Apple Vs. IBM Compatibles --- The Rivalry
27(1)
In Brief
28(2)
Key Terms
30(1)
At the Movies
31(1)
Checkpoint
32(1)
At Issue
33(1)
My Web Page
34(1)
Hands on
35(1)
Net Stuff
36
How to Purchase Install, and Maintain a Personal Computer
37
Communications and Networks
Objectives
1(1)
Communications
2(1)
Uses of Communications
2(4)
E-mail
3(1)
Voice Mail
3(1)
Fax
3(1)
Smart Phones
3(1)
Instant Messaging
3(1)
Telecommuting
4(1)
Videoconferencing
4(1)
Groupware
5(1)
Global Positioning System
5(1)
Bulletin Board System
5(1)
The Internet
5(1)
Communications Channel
6(1)
Physical Transmission Media
7(1)
Twisted-Pair Cable
7(1)
Coaxial Cable
7(1)
Fiber-Optic Cable
8(1)
Wireless Transmission Media
8(4)
Broadcast Radio
8(1)
Cellular Radio
9(1)
Microwaves
10(1)
Communications Satellite
11(1)
Infrared
11(1)
Transmission Characteristics
12(2)
Signal Type: Analog or Digital
12(1)
Broadband vs. Baseband
12(1)
Transmission Modes: Asynchronous and Synchronous
12(2)
Transmission Direction: Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full-Duplex
14(1)
Transfer Rates
14(1)
The Telephone Network
14(4)
Dial-Up Lines
15(1)
Dedicated Lines
16(2)
Communications Channel Example
18(1)
Communications Software
18(2)
Communications Devices
20(4)
Modems
20(1)
Cable Modems
21(1)
Multiplexers
22(1)
Network Interface Card
22(1)
Connecting Networks
23(1)
Networks
24(10)
Local Area Network (LAN)
25(1)
Network Operating System
26(1)
Types of LANs
26(2)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
28(1)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
29(1)
Network Topologies
29(1)
Communications Protocols
30(2)
Intranets
32(1)
Home Networks
33(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Robert Metcalfe
34(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Novell
35(1)
In Brief
36(2)
Key Terms
38(1)
At the Movies
39(1)
Checkpoint
40(1)
At Issue
41(1)
My Web Page
42(1)
Hands on
43(1)
Net Stuff
44
Databases and Information Management
Objectives
1(1)
Data and Information
2(1)
Data Integrity
2(1)
Data Security
3(1)
The Hierarchy of Data
3(1)
Maintaining Data
4(5)
Adding Records
5(1)
Changing Records
6(1)
Deleting Records
6(1)
Data Validation
7(2)
File Processing Versus Databases
9(4)
File Processing Systems
9(1)
The Database Approach
10(3)
Database Management Systems
13(6)
Data Dictionary
14(1)
Data Maintenance and Retrieval
14(4)
Data Security
18(1)
Backup and Recovery
18(1)
Relational and Object-Oriented Databases
19(3)
Relational Databases
19(1)
Object-Oriented Databases
19(3)
Database Administration
22(3)
Role of the Data and Database Administrators
24(1)
Role of the User
24(1)
Database Design Guidelines
24(1)
Qualities of Valuable Information
25(2)
How Managers Use Information
25(1)
Levels of Users
26(1)
Types of Information Systems
27(7)
Office Information Systems
28(1)
Transaction Processing Systems
28(1)
Management Information Systems
29(1)
Decision Support Systems
30(2)
Expert Systems
32(1)
Integrated Information Systems
33(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Larry Ellison
34(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Oracle Corporation
35(1)
In Brief
36(2)
Key Terms
38(1)
At the Movies
39(1)
Checkpoint
40(1)
At Issue
41(1)
My Web Page
42(1)
Hands on
43(1)
Net Stuff
44
Information Systems Development
Objectives
1(1)
What is the System Development Life Cycle?
2(6)
Phases in the SDLC
2(1)
Guidelines for System Development
3(1)
Who Participates in the System Development Life Cycle?
3(1)
Project Management
4(1)
Feasibility Assessment
5(1)
Documentation
6(1)
Data and Information Gathering Techniques
7(1)
What Initiates the System Development Life Cycle?
8(3)
Manhattan Construction --- A Case Study
10(1)
Planning Phase
11(1)
Planning at Manhattan Construction
11(1)
Analysis Phase
12(9)
The Preliminary Investigation
12(2)
Analysis: Preliminary Investigation at Manhattan Construction
14(1)
Detailed Analysis
14(1)
Structured Analysis and Design Tools
15(4)
The Build-or-Buy Decision
19(2)
Detailed Analysis at Manhattan Construction
21(1)
Design Phase
21(8)
Acquiring Necessary Hardware and Software
21(1)
Identifying Technical Specifications
21(1)
Soliciting Vendor Proposals
22(1)
Testing and Evaluating Vendor Proposals
22(2)
Making a Decision
24(1)
Design: Hardware and Software Acquisition at Manhattan Construction
24(1)
Detailed Design
24(3)
Prototyping
27(1)
CASE Tools
28(1)
Quality Review Techniques
29(1)
Detailed Design at Manhattan Construction
29(1)
Implementation Phase
29(2)
Develop Programs
29(1)
Install and Test the New System
29(1)
Train and Educate Users
30(1)
Convert to the New System
30(1)
Implementation at Manhattan Construction
30(1)
Support Phase
31(1)
Support at manhattan Construction
31(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Linus Torvalds
32(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- SAP
33(1)
In Brief
34(2)
Key Terms
36(1)
At the Movies
37(1)
Checkpoint
38(1)
At Issue
39(1)
My Web Page
40(1)
Hands on
41(1)
Net Stuff
42
Program Development And Programming Languages
Objectives
1(1)
What is a Computer Program?
2(1)
The Program Development Life Cycle
2(2)
What Initiates the Program Development Life Cycle?
3(1)
Analyze Problem
4(1)
Design Programs
5(8)
Top-Down Design
5(1)
Structured Design
6(2)
Proper Program Design
8(1)
Design Tools
9(3)
Quality Review Techniques
12(1)
Code Programs
13(1)
Test Programs
13(1)
Formalize Solution
14(1)
Maintain Programs
15(1)
Programming Languages and Program Development Tools
15(1)
Categories of Programming Languages
15(4)
Machine Languages
16(1)
Assembly Languages
16(1)
Third-Generation Languages
17(1)
Fourth-Generation Languages
18(1)
Natural Languages
19(1)
Object-Oriented Program Development
19(2)
Object-Oriented Programming
20(1)
Popular Programming Languages
21(6)
BASIC
21(1)
Visual Basic
22(1)
COBOL
23(1)
C
23(1)
C++
23(1)
FORTRAN
24(1)
Pascal
25(1)
Ada
25(1)
RPG
26(1)
Other Programming Languages
26(1)
Program Development Tools
27(2)
Application Generators
27(1)
Macros
28(1)
RAD Tools: Visual Basic, Delphi, and PowerBuilder
29(1)
Web Page Program Development
29(6)
HTML
30(1)
Scripts, Applets, and Servlets
31(1)
Java, JavaScript, and Perl
32(2)
Dynamic HTML
34(1)
XML
35(1)
Multimedia Program Development
35(1)
Selecting a Programming Language or Program Development Tool
35(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Grace Hopper
36(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Compaq Computer Corporation
37(1)
In Brief
38(2)
Key Terms
40(1)
At the Movies
41(1)
Checkpoint
42(1)
At Issue
43(1)
My Web Page
44(1)
Hands on
45(1)
Net Stuff
46
Planning, Prerequisites, Potential
47
Multimedia
Objectives
1(1)
What is Multimedia?
2(6)
Text
3(1)
Graphics
3(1)
Animation
4(1)
Audio
5(1)
Video
6(1)
Links
7(1)
Multimedia Applications
8(12)
Business Presentations
8(1)
Computer-Based Training
9(1)
Web-Based Training (WBT) and Distance Learning
10(2)
Classroom and Special Education
12(1)
Electronic Books
13(1)
Electronic Reference
13(1)
How-To Guides
14(1)
Newspapers and Magazines
14(2)
Entertainment and Edutainment
16(1)
Virtual Reality
16(3)
Kiosks
19(1)
The World Wide Web
19(1)
Multimedia Hardware
20(5)
Multimedia Personal Computer
20(2)
Televisions and Data Projectors
22(1)
Video Capture Card
23(1)
Scanners, Digital Cameras, and PhotoCDs
23(2)
Laser Disks and Laser Disk Players
25(1)
Developing Multimedia Applications
25(5)
Analysis
26(1)
Design
26(1)
Production
26(1)
Multimedia Authoring Software
27(3)
Technology Trailblazer --- Michael Dell
30(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Macromedia, Inc.
31(1)
In Brief
32(2)
Key Terms
34(1)
At the Movies
35(1)
Checkpoint
36(1)
At Issue
37(1)
My Web Page
38(1)
Hands on
39(1)
Net Stuff
40
Security, Privacy, and Ethics
Objectives
1(1)
Computer Security: Risks and Safeguards
2(18)
Computer Viruses
2(2)
Virus Detection and Removal
4(2)
Unauthorized Access and Use
6(3)
Hardware Theft
9(1)
Software Theft
10(2)
Information Theft
12(2)
System Failure
14(2)
Backup Procedures
16(2)
Disaster Recovery Plan
18(1)
Developing a Computer Security Plan
19(1)
Information Privacy
20(3)
Unauthorized Collection and Use of Information
20(2)
Employee Monitoring
22(1)
Ethics and the Information Age
23(2)
Information Accuracy
23(1)
Codes of Conduct
24(1)
Internet Security and Privacy Issues
25(1)
Internet Encryption
25
Codes of Conduct
24(1)
Internet Security and Privacy Issues
25(3)
Internet Encryption
25(2)
Objectionable Materials on the Internet
27(1)
Technology Trailblazer --- Clifford Stoll
28(1)
Company on the Cutting Edge --- Network Associates, Inc.
29(1)
In Brief
30(2)
Key Terms
32(1)
At the Movies
33(1)
Checkpoint
34(1)
At Issue
35(1)
My Web Page
36(1)
Hands on
37(1)
Net Stuff
38
A Look to the Future
39
APPENDIX CODING SCHEMES AND NUMBER SYSTEMS
Coding Schemes
A.1
ASCII and EBCDIC
A.1
Unicode
A.1
Parity
A.2
Number Systems
A.2
The Decimal Number System
A.3
The Binary Number System
A.4
The Hexadecimal Number System
A.4
Index I.1
Photo Credits I.24

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