Educational Leadership : A Problem-Based Approach

by Cunningham, William G.; Cordeiro, Paula A.

• ISBN13: 9780205466344
• ISBN10: 0205466346
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2006-01-01
• Publisher: Allyn & Bacon

Summary

This succinct, compelling text provides coverage of key leadership topics, including critical thinking, ethics, best practices, and decision-making in an applied format. Thoroughly revised and updated, Educational Leadership: A Problem-Based Approach, 3/e, shares the very latest thinking in the field and relates it to significant real-life problems of practice. Reflecting on current changes and issues in educational leadership and administration, this text includes updated expert analysis pieces by noted authorities in every chapter. The authors use a problem-based approach providing readers with opportunities to analyze and apply their knowledge to authentic situations. This text emphasizes important challenges such as increasing diversity in our schools and society, the emphasis on standards, and the impact of reform and technology on learning environments. New to This Edition: All chapters include updated content on ISLLC, NCATE and ELLC to meet the latest demands for leadership preparation programs. New problem-based learning activity and coverage of State Board Testing to meet the current demand for data-driven decision making (Ch. 13). New expert commentaries by those who are most closely related to the discussion topics and updated vignettes reflect current concerns of leaders. Expanded ";List of Terms"; and ";Portfolio Artifacts"; are addressed in most chapters. Incorporates a new ";Self-Assessment Instrument from NREL"; that focuses on teamwork skills, making the subject real for students (Ch. 6). Visit www.ablongman.com/edleadership for sample syllabi, additional problems and journal articles of interest. Package this text with MyLabSchool-a powerful set of online tools that bring the classroom to life! Visit www.mylabschool.com for more information!

Table of Contents

Preface	p. xv
Administrative Theory, Values Clarification, and Leadership Responsibility	p. 1
Flem Snopes High School: A New Administrative Team	p. 1
Educational Leadership	p. 3
Human Capital and the Accumulated Knowledge Base	p. 7
Administrative Process and Knowledge	p. 8
Philosophical Frames and Epistemological Influences	p. 9
Paradigms and the Scientific-Rational Approach	p. 11
Political, Critical, and Constructivist Frames of Reference	p. 12
Critical-Contextual, Gender, and Race	p. 13
Postmodernism, Poststructuralism	p. 15
Grounding Moral Educational Leadership in the Intrinsically Moral Enterprise of Learning	p. 18
Ethical Models	p. 19
The Ethic of Caring	p. 19
The Ethic of Justice	p. 19
The Ethic of Critique	p. 20
Foundations of Ethical Behavior: Standards for Good Practice	p. 20
Codes of Ethics	p. 21
Administrative Platforms	p. 21
The Knowledge Base in Educational Administration	p. 25
The Knowledge Base in Educational Administration: A Postmodernist Perspective	p. 27
Conclusion	p. 28
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 29
Terms	p. 29
Suggested Readings	p. 29
Context and Perspective for Educational Leaders	p. 30
Nanuck Middle School: Understanding the Context	p. 30
Contextual Knowledge	p. 31
Broad, Complex Context	p. 32
Federal Turning-Points	p. 33
Education Origins	p. 34
Land Grant	p. 34
Relief	p. 38
National Defense	p. 38
Equal Educational Opportunity	p. 39
World Class Economic Competitiveness and Support-1980 to Present	p. 41
Establishing National Goals	p. 43
Thoughts for Leaders of Educational Institutions in Transition	p. 44
The 1990s and Beyond	p. 46
No Child Left Behind	p. 47
New Technological Demands	p. 49
State Roles and Responses	p. 50
Equity and Social Justice	p. 54
Challenges in the Twenty-First Century	p. 55
Conclusion	p. 57
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 59
Terms	p. 59
Suggested Readings	p. 59
School Reform	p. 60
Scrivner Middle School: Reform at Scrivner	p. 60
Leading Innovative Schools	p. 61
The Context for School Reform	p. 63
Finding New Directions	p. 64
Common Themes in a Changing World	p. 66
Innovative Programs	p. 67
Other Innovative Models and Their Benefits	p. 75
A Framework for School Improvement	p. 76
Harnessing Technology	p. 77
Technology Opens New Opportunities	p. 80
Administrative Applications	p. 80
Wilson Elementary School District: Five Steps to a Successful Technology Program	p. 82
The Leadership Challenge	p. 84
Conclusion	p. 88
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 89
Terms	p. 90
Suggested Readings	p. 90
Diversity and Community Relations	p. 91
Oakes High School: Cultures Clash in Fairhaven	p. 91
Diversity in Schools	p. 93
Socioeconomic Status and Social Class	p. 93
U.S. Population Demographics	p. 93
Cultural Identity	p. 94
Cultural Transitions	p. 97
Sexual Identity	p. 99
Prejudice and Discrimination	p. 100
Discrimination in Schools	p. 101
Competing Perspectives: Theories, Models, and Approaches to Race, Class, and Gender	p. 102
Cultural Deficiency Approach	p. 103
Cultural Difference Approach	p. 104
Human Relations Approach	p. 104
Single-Group Studies Approach	p. 105
Multicultural Education Approach	p. 106
Social Justice Education Approach	p. 106
Segregation, Desegregation, and Integration	p. 109
Magnet Schools	p. 109
Language Diversity in U.S. Schools: Program Options	p. 110
Promoting Linguistically Diverse Learners' Academic Success	p. 111
English Language Learners in U.S. Public Schools	p. 113
English Only, English Plus, and Programs for Nonstandard English Speakers	p. 113
Developing Programs of School, Family, and Community Partnerships: Administrators Make a Difference	p. 114
Connecting Schools and Community Organizations	p. 116
Conclusion	p. 118
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 118
Terms	p. 118
Suggested Readings	p. 119
School District Organizational Structure and Leadership	p. 120
Alta Vista School: Data Disaggregation	p. 120
The Local Role	p. 122
The Local School Division	p. 122
The School Board	p. 124
The School Division Superintendent	p. 127
Central Office Operations	p. 130
Local School Structures and Arrangements	p. 133
The School Administrator	p. 135
Changing Roles	p. 136
Critical Incidents	p. 138
Politics of the Principalship	p. 140
Principal: Instructional Leader or School Manager?	p. 141
School Safety Audit	p. 143
Putting "Cs" into the Village	p. 144
Parental Involvement	p. 145
Assistant Principal (AP)	p. 147
Conclusion	p. 148
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 150
Terms	p. 150
Suggested Readings	p. 150
The Joint AASA-NSBA Superintendent Guidelines	p. 151
Leadership Theory and Practice	p. 153
Atlas Shrug High School: Failing Health	p. 153
Assessing Leadership Characteristics	p. 155
Paradigms of Leadership: A Growing Knowledge Base	p. 156
Leadership Instrument Analyses	p. 157
McGregor's Theories X and Y	p. 158
NREL Behavior Matrix	p. 160
Early Studies	p. 162
The Ohio State Studies	p. 163
The New Managerial Grid	p. 165
Situational and Contingency Leadership	p. 167
University of Michigan Studies	p. 176
Recent Works on Leadership	p. 178
Search for Excellence	p. 178
The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People and Alignment	p. 179
The Learning Organization	p. 181
The New Science of Leadership	p. 182
Total Quality Management (TQM)	p. 183
School-Based Management (SBM)	p. 185
Cultural Leadership	p. 185
Transformational Leadership	p. 187
Leadership Traits or Skills	p. 189
Conclusion	p. 190
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 191
Terms	p. 191
Suggested Readings	p. 192
Directions for Scoring Box 6.1: The X-Y Scale	p. 192
Directions for Interpreting Box 6.4: The Behavior Matrix	p. 193
Directions for Scoring Box 6.5: Leadership Behavior Survey	p. 196
Directions for Scoring Box 6.6: Measuring Preferred Management Styles	p. 197
Twenty-One Combined Domains of Effective School Leadership	p. 199
Successful School Leadership	p. 201
Packer Middle School: An Interview for a Principalship	p. 201
Leadership Matters	p. 201
Adult Learning	p. 204
Effective School Leadership Practices	p. 205
Leadership and the Change Process	p. 208
Structures That Provide Opportunities for Teacher Collaboration	p. 209
Study Groups	p. 209
Instructional Walk-Throughs	p. 210
Teacher Conferences	p. 211
School Visitations	p. 211
District and/or School Instructional Conferences	p. 211
Principals as Instructional Leaders: Modeling and Supporting Teaching and Learning	p. 212
Supporting the Change Process	p. 214
The Teacher Selection Process	p. 214
Conclusion	p. 215
Endnote	p. 216
Terms	p. 216
Suggested Readings	p. 216
Program Development, Delivery, and Assessment	p. 217
Linton Elementary School: Program Improvement	p. 217
Conceptions of Academic Achievement	p. 218
Theories of Intelligence	p. 218
Types of Knowledge	p. 219
Learning Transfer	p. 221
Constructivism: A New Conception of Learning	p. 222
Building a Culture of Learning	p. 223
Teaching and Learning Approaches	p. 224
Apprenticeship Learning	p. 225
Cooperative Learning	p. 225
Problem-Based Learning	p. 226
Curriculum Design and Educational Programming	p. 227
Functions of Curriculum	p. 227
Principal as Curriculum Leader	p. 228
The Standards Movement	p. 229
Curricular and Instructional Change	p. 230
Developing Curriculum and Programs	p. 231
Designing and Managing the Curriculum	p. 232
Seeing the Curriculum Whole: The Function of a Real Educational Leader	p. 233
Program Improvement and Evaluation	p. 235
Utilizing Time	p. 236
Year-Round Education	p. 236
Block Scheduling	p. 237
Looping	p. 238
Time on Task	p. 239
Assessing Student Progress	p. 239
Portfolios	p. 240
Assessing Student Performance	p. 240
Reporting Student Progress	p. 242
Presenting Student Outcomes to the Community	p. 243
Conclusion	p. 245
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 246
Terms	p. 246
Suggested Readings	p. 247
Pupil Personnel Services	p. 248
Edgar Allen Poe Middle School: Special Education	p. 248
Pupil Personnel-Student Service Team	p. 249
Counseling, Guidance, Psychological Services	p. 251
Special Education and Remedial Instruction	p. 252
Inclusion	p. 255
Leadership for Special Services	p. 257
School Health Services	p. 258
Child Accounting and School Safety	p. 259
School Security	p. 260
Student Discipline	p. 261
Pupil Appraisal, Testing, and Diagnostics	p. 265
Extracurricular Activities	p. 266
Conclusion	p. 270
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 271
Terms	p. 271
Suggested Readings	p. 272
Human Resource Management	p. 273
Lincoln Elementary School: Staffing Problems	p. 273
Taking Care of the Staff	p. 276
Job Analysis, Classification, and Staff Planning	p. 277
Job Analysis	p. 280
Job Classification	p. 281
Staff Planning	p. 282
Recruitment	p. 283
Selection	p. 285
Alternative Selection Approaches	p. 287
Performance Appraisal and Evaluation	p. 289
Planning the Evaluation	p. 290
Collecting Information	p. 291
Using Information	p. 292
Staff Development	p. 294
Employee Assistance and Wellness Programs	p. 298
Human Resource Administration in the Third Millennium	p. 299
Organizational Development	p. 300
Wage and Salary Considerations	p. 301
Benefits	p. 303
Collective Bargaining	p. 304
Employee Records and Reports	p. 305
Employee Litigation	p. 305
Conclusion	p. 306
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 306
Terms	p. 307
Suggested Readings	p. 307
Laws and Policies	p. 308
Benton I.S.D: Not Following School Board Policy	p. 308
Legal Responsibility	p. 309
Learning about Schools and Legal Issues	p. 309
The U.S. Legal System	p. 309
Federal Role in Education	p. 309
Federal Courts	p. 310
Understanding Court Decisions	p. 312
The State's Legal Role in Education	p. 314
State Legislatures, Administrative Agencies, and Local Boards of Control	p. 315
School Districts and Litigation	p. 316
Legal Issues and Schools	p. 317
Due Process	p. 318
Freedom of Speech and Expression	p. 319
Discipline and Students with Disabilities	p. 319
The Confidentiality of Student Records	p. 321
Student Rights	p. 321
Torts	p. 322
Monitoring Compliance with Policies and Procedures	p. 323
Legal and Ethical Dimensions of Educational Leadership	p. 324
Conclusion	p. 327
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 328
Terms	p. 328
Suggested Readings	p. 328
Court Cases	p. 329
Resource Allocation and Management	p. 330
Oceanview School District: Identifying Funding Sources for Meadows High	p. 330
Financing Schools	p. 330
Taxes	p. 331
Federal Involvement in Financing Schools	p. 332
State Involvement in Financing Schools	p. 332
Local Involvement in Financing Schools	p. 335
Vouchers	p. 336
Nontraditional Revenue Sources	p. 336
School Foundations	p. 337
Revenue Sources for Independent Schools	p. 338
Obtaining Funding for Educational Programs	p. 338
Grant Writing	p. 339
Budgeting, Accounting, and Facility Management	p. 340
The Budgeting Process	p. 340
Types of Budgeting	p. 343
Line-Item Budgeting	p. 343
Planning, Programming, Budgeting System (PPBS)	p. 344
Zero-Based Budgeting	p. 344
Incremental Budgeting	p. 345
Trends in Budgeting and Management	p. 346
Activity Funds	p. 347
Fiscal Accounting	p. 348
The Audit	p. 349
Acquiring, Allocating, and Accounting for Resources	p. 349
Managing School Supplies and Equipment	p. 351
Maintaining School Buildings and Grounds	p. 351
Conclusion	p. 351
Portfolio Artifacts	p. 352
Terms	p. 353
Suggested Readings	p. 353
Problem-Based Learning Projects	p. 354
Problem-Based Learning	p. 354
Problem-Based Learning in Educational Leadership	p. 356
Facilitating Groups	p. 358
Understanding Group Process	p. 359
Safe Havens: Developing School-Based Health Clinics	p. 362
A Jalapeno in a Candy Jar: Addressing Cultural Diversity	p. 368
Atoms and Bits: A Technology Project	p. 373
Data Management and Analysis (DMA) and Decision Making at Madison High School	p. 380
Marveling at the Results: Power, Roles, Relationships, and School Reform	p. 384
References and Bibliography	p. 392
Name Index	p. 420
Subject Index	p. 428
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