Essential C# 4.0

by Michaelis, Mark

• ISBN13: 9780321694690
• ISBN10: 0321694694
• Edition: 3rd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2010-03-10
• Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional

Summary

Praise forEssential C# 4.0 "If you want to be a C# developer, or if you want to enhance your C# programming skills, there is no more useful tool than a well-crafted book on the subject. You are holding such a book in your hands." From the Foreword by Charlie Calvert, Community Program Manager, Visual C#, Microsoft "Itrs"s essential!" Eric Lippert, Senior Engineer, Microsoft; coauthor,Visual Studio Tools for Office 2007 "Essential C# 4.0continues the tradition of prior editionsthe definitive work on C# the language and how to effectively code using it. This book covers all aspects of the language, from the basics to highly advanced topics; the reader doesnrs"t just emerge understanding the language of C#, but emerges as a better developer. Troy Magennis, C# MVP and creator of HookedOnLINQ.com "Irs"ve been involved with C# since its earliest days and remember vividly a conversation with Anders Hejlsberg in which we discussed what C# didnrs"t have when compared to C++ at the time. He spoke of simplicity and compact design but it was plain that C# didnrs"t have the muscle to compete with C++ in those early days. Here we are, almost a decade later, with the latest incarnation of C# ready to go and the difference is huge. The elegance of C# is still there but the power of the language has advanced by leaps and bounds. Now, C# is second to none and may be first among equals. An important aspect to remember is that C# is the language but it is the .NET framework that empowers our expression as developers.Essential C# 4.0presents both the language and the important aspects of that framework in a clear and concise manner that makes this book a great tool for learning the language and also covers aspects of general programming that are, well, essential." Bob Powell, C# MVP, www.bobpowell.net "Essential C# 4.0is a book that anyone who wants to be an expert C# programmer should own. Itrs"s a rare book that is on both my short list of books that I recommend for experts and my short list of books that I recommend for programmers new to C#." Peter Ritchie, President, Peter Ritchie Inc. Software Consulting; Microsoft C# MVP "Let Mark Michaelis serve as your guide from novice to expert C# developer. If yours"ve never used C#, read this book carefully for a complete guided tour of the language. If yours"re already familiar with C#, yours"ll still find plenty to learn. Markrs"s coverage of the language is very complete, including the latest techniques in the C# 4.0 additions. This book is and will remain within easy reach. Itrs"s a ready reference that every C# developer should have handy." Bill Wagner, Founder, SRT Solutions; Microsoft Regional Director; author ofEffective C#andMore Effective C# Essential C# 4.0is a well-organized,"no-fluff" guide to all versions of C# for programmers at all levels of C# experience. This fully updated edition shows how to make the most of C# 4.0rs"s new features and programming patterns to write code that is simple, yet powerful. This edition contains two new chapters on parallel programming, multishy;thre

Author Biography

Mark Michaelis is founder and president of IntelliTechture and a trainer with IDesign. His expertise encompasses software architecture, VSTS/TFS, BizTalk, SharePoint, and .NET. He has been honored as a Microsoft MVP for C#, Visual Studio Team System, and the Windows SDK, and is a Microsoft Regional Director. He serves on Microsoft’s C# software design review team and often speaks at developer conferences.

Table of Contents

Contents of C# 4.0 Topics xxv

Figures xxvii

Tables xxix

Foreword xxxi

Preface xxxv

Acknowledgments xlvii

About the Author li

 

Chapter 1: Introducing C# 1

Hello, World 2

C# Syntax Fundamentals 4

Working with Variables 12

Console Input and Output 16

Comments 20

Managed Execution and the Common Language Infrastructure 23

C# and .NET Versioning 26

Common Intermediate Language and ILDASM 27

Summary 30

 

Chapter 2: Data Types 31

Fundamental Numeric Types 32

More Fundamental Types 40

null and void 51

Categories of Types 55

Nullable Modifier 57

Conversions between Data Types 58

Arrays 64

Summary 81

 

Chapter 3: Operators and Control Flow 83

Operators 84

Introducing Flow Control 98

Code Blocks ({}) 105

Scope and Declaration Space 107

Boolean Expressions 109

Bitwise Operators (<<, >>, , &, ^, ~) 115

Control Flow Statements, Continued 121

Jump Statements 132

C# Preprocessor Directives 138

Summary 145

 

Chapter 4: Methods and Parameters 149

Calling a Method 150

Declaring a Method 157

The using Directive 161

Returns and Parameters on Main() 165

Parameters 168

Recursion 176

Method Overloading 179

Optional Parameters 182

Basic Error Handling with Exceptions 186

Summary 199

 

Chapter 5: Classes 201

Declaring and Instantiating a Class 205

Instance Fields 209

Instance Methods 211

Using the this Keyword 213

Access Modifiers 220

Properties 222

Constructors 236

Static Members 247

Extension Methods 256

Encapsulating the Data 258

Nested Classes 260

Partial Classes 262

Summary 267

 

Chapter 6: Inheritance 269

Derivation 270

Overriding the Base Class 281

Abstract Classes 293

All Classes Derive from System.Object 299

Verifying the Underlying Type with the is Operator 301

Conversion Using the as Operator 302

Summary 303

 

Chapter 7: Interfaces 305

Introducing Interfaces 306

Polymorphism through Interfaces 307

Interface Implementation 312

Converting between the Implementing Class and Its

Interfaces 318

Interface Inheritance 318

Multiple Interface Inheritance 321

Extension Methods on Interfaces 322

Implementing Multiple Inheritance via Interfaces 323

Versioning 326

Interfaces Compared with Classes 328

Summary 329

 

Chapter 8: Value Types 331

Structs 332

Boxing 339

Enums 346

Summary 356

 

Chapter 9: Well-Formed Types 357

Overriding object Members 357

Operator Overloading 369

Referencing Other Assemblies 377

Defining Namespaces 382

XML Comments 385

Garbage Collection 390

Resource Cleanup 393

Lazy Initialization 400

Summary 403

 

Chapter 10: Exception Handling 405

Multiple Exception Types 405

Catching Exceptions 407

General Catch Block 409

Guidelines for Exception Handling 411

Defining Custom Exceptions 414

Summary 419

 

Chapter 11: Generics 421

C# without Generics 422

Introducing Generic Types 427

Constraints 439

Generic Methods 453

Covariance and Contravariance 457

Generic Internals 463

Summary 467

 

Chapter 12: Delegates and Lambda Expressions 469

Introducing Delegates 470

Anonymous Methods 480

System-Defined Delegates: Func<> 483

Lambda Expressions 486

Summary 506

 

Chapter 13: Events 507

Coding the Observer Pattern with Multicast Delegates 508

Events 523

Summary 533

 

Chapter 14: Collection Interfaces with Standard Query Operators 535

Anonymous Types and Implicitly Typed Local Variables 536

Collection Initializers 543

What Makes a Class a Collection: IEnumerable<T> 546

Standard Query Operators 552

Summary 586

 

Chapter 15: LINQ with Query Expressions 589

Introducing Query Expressions 590

Query Expressions as Method Invocations 608

Summary 609

 

Chapter 16: Building Custom Collections 611

More Collection Interfaces 612

Primary Collection Classes 617

Providing an Index Operator 630

Returning Null or an Empty Collection 634

Iterators 634

Summary 650

 

Chapter 17: Reflection, Attributes, and Dynamic Programming 651

Reflection 652

Attributes 663

Programming with Dynamic Objects 688

Summary 699

 

Chapter 18: Multithreading 701

Running and Controlling a Separate Thread 706

Executing Iterations in Parallel 724

Running LINQ Queries in Parallel 734

Multithreading before .NET Framework 4 738

Unhandled Exceptions on the AppDomain 744

Summary 746

 

Chapter 19: Synchronization and More Multithreading Patterns 749

Synchronization 750

Timers 778

Asynchronous Programming Model 783

Asynchronous Delegate Invocation 797

Event-Based Asynchronous Pattern (EAP) 801

Background Worker Pattern 804

Windows UI Programming 809

Summary 814

 

Chapter 20: Platform Interoperability and Unsafe Code 815

Platform Invoke 816

Pointers and Addresses 830

Summary 839

 

Chapter 21: The Common Language Infrastructure 843

Defining the Common Language Infrastructure (CLI) 844

CLI Implementations 845

C# Compilation to Machine Code 847

Runtime 849

Application Domains 854

Assemblies, Manifests, and Modules 855

Common Intermediate Language (CIL) 858

Common Type System (CTS) 858

Common Language Specification (CLS) 859

Base Class Library (BCL) 860

Metadata 860

Summary 862

 

Appendix A: Downloading and Installing the C# Compiler and the CLI

Platform 865

Appendix B: Full Source Code Listings 869

Appendix C: Concurrent Classes from System.Collections.Concurrent 895

Appendix D: C# 2.0 Topics 899

Appendix E: C# 3.0 Topics 903

Appendix F: C# 4.0 Topics 905

 

Index 907