Fetal and Neonatal Brain Injury Mechanisms, Management, and the Risks of Practice

by Stevenson, David K.; Sunshine, Philip

• ISBN13: 9780192626400
• ISBN10: 019262640X
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 1997-04-24
• Publisher: Oxford University Press

Summary

This book evaluates the numerous events in pregnancy, labor, and post-partum care that can lead to brain damage in newborn infants. The mechanisms by which the brain is damaged, as well as the approaches to treatment and most importantly, prevention of injury are detailed. Sixteen new chapters have been added to the Second Edition, and all the others have been fully updated. New chapters cover subjects such as ischemic cell injury, reperfusion injury, experimental models of perinatal brain injury, hypoxemic-ischemic encephalopathy, congenital malformations of the brain, perinatal infections, and metabolic disorders in the developing CNS. A chapter devoted exclusively to hemorrhagic lesions of the brain has been added as well. The new edition incorporates the most recent advances in neurology, neurosurgery, and neuroimaging, including the rapidly improving imaging techniques for identifying the extent of brain injury, the better ante- and post-partum management of infants, and the development of better understanding of the cellular mechanism of injuries to the brain.

Table of Contents

List of contributors	xix
I POSSIBLE CAUSES OF ACQUIRED FETAL AND NEONATAL BRAIN INJURY	3	(164)
1 Epidemiology of perinatal asphyxia	3	(21)
Philip Sunshine
2 Mechanisms of ischemic cell injury	24	(14)
Rona G. Giffard
Marios C. Papadopoulos
3 Ischemia-reperfusion injury	38	(22)
Charles Palmer
4 Experimental models of perinatal brain injury	60	(11)
Alistair J. Gunn
Harmen H. de Haan
Peter D. Gluckman
5 Fetal responses to asphyxia	71	(21)
R. Harold Holbrook Jr
Ronald N. Gibson
Yasser Y. El-Sayed
Daniel S. Seidman
6 Prematurity and complications of labor and delivery	92	(16)
Maurice L. Druzin
7 Endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms -- their implications for therapeutic intervention	108	(7)
Chris E. Williams
Maggie Lai
Peter D. Gluckman
8 Intrauterine growth retardation	115	(21)
Alistair G.S. Philip
Philip Sunshine
9 Congenital malformations of the brain	136	(15)
Ronald J. Lemire
10 Hemorrhagic lesions of the central nervous system	151	(16)
Seetha Shankaran
II ENVIRONMENTAL CAUSES OF ACQUIRED FETAL AND NEONATAL BRAIN INJURY	167	(110)
11 The use of intrapartum fetal heart rate monitoring to reduce perinatal asphyxia in the term infant	167	(14)
Dermot MacDonald
12 Tocolytic therapy for preterm labor	181	(9)
Paul B. Meyer
Yasser El-Sayed
Maurice L. Druzin
13 Fetal and neonatal injury as a consequence of maternal substance abuse	190	(26)
Louis P. Halamek
14 Neurologic sequelae of congenital infections	216	(16)
Charles G. Prober
Ann M. Arvin
15 Neonatal bacterial meningitis	232	(16)
Alistair G.S. Philip
16 Perinatal HIV infection	248	(17)
Yvonne A. Maldonado
17 Metabolic disorders of the mother affecting the fetus	265	(12)
Anne C. Regenstein, M.D.
III DIAGNOSING THE INFANT WITH ASPHYXIA	277	(126)
18 Hypoxemic-Ischemic encephalopathy	277	(10)
Jin S. Hahn
Edward J. Novotny Jr
19 Use of the electroencephalogram in assessing acute brain damage in the newborn	287	(15)
Barry R. Tharp
20 Imaging of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic cerebral damage	302	(54)
Dieter R. Enzmann
21 Correlation of clinical findings and timing of the asphyxial event	356	(18)
Jin S. Hahn
22 Neonatal asphyxic brain injury is neural system preferential and targets sensory-motor networks	374	(29)
Lee J. Martin
Ansgar Brambrink
Raymond C. Koehler
Richard J. Traystman
IV MANAGEMENT OF THE DEPRESSED OR NEUROLOGICALLY DYSFUNCTIONAL INFANT	403	(80)
23 Immediate management	403	(12)
William E. Benitz
Lorry R. Frankel
David K. Stevenson
24 Extended management	415	(17)
William E. Benitz
Lorry R. Frankel
David K. Stevenson
Philip Sunshine
25 The management of neonatal seizures	432	(30)
Robert R. Clancy
26 Nutritional support of the asphyxiated infant	462	(21)
John A. Kerner Jr
Anjali Malkani
William J. Wenner Jr
V SPECIFIC ABNORMALITIES ASSOCIATED WITH FETAL AND NEONATAL BRAIN INJURY	483	(102)
27 Hypoglycemia in the neonate	483	(16)
Marvin Cornblath
Robert Schwartz
28 Hematologic disorders: anemia, polycythemia, and hyperbilirubinemia	499	(13)
David K. Stevenson
Herbert C. Schwartz
Phyllis A. Dennery
29 Acidosis/alkalosis	512	(15)
Robert Vannucci
30 Hydrops fetalis	527	(5)
Roderic H. Phibbs
31 Polycythemia	532	(7)
Ted S. Rosenkrantz
William Oh
32 Meconium staining and the meconium aspiration syndrome	539	(25)
Thomas E. Wiswell
33 Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn	564	(21)
William E. Benitz
William D. Rhine
Krisa P. Van Meurs
VI ASSESSING THE CAUSES OF PERMANENT NEUROLOGIC DISABILITY	585	(58)
34 The relationship of placental pathology to causation of detrimental pregnancy outcome	585	(17)
Geoffrey Altshuler
35 The scope and limitations of neurologic and behavioural assessments of the newborn	602	(13)
Anneliese F. Korner
36 Long-term follow-up of term infants with perinatal asphyxia	615	(16)
Charlene M.T. Robertson
37 Appropriateness of intensive care application	631	(12)
Ernle W.D. Young
Index	643