Forces of Deviance

by Kappeler, Victor E.; Sluder, Richard D.; Alpert, Geoffrey P.

• ISBN13: 9780881339833
• ISBN10: 0881339830
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 1998-01-01
• Publisher: Waveland Pr Inc

Table of Contents

Foreword	xi	(4)
Preface	xv	(2)
Acknowledgments	xvii
1 The Idea of Police Deviance Definitions, Perceptions and Concerns	1	(26)
Public Perception of Police Misconduct	3	(7)
Diversity of Public Perceptions	5	(3)
Common Public Concerns	8	(2)
Deviance as a Theoretical Construct	10	(5)
Statistical Definition of Deviance	12	(1)
Absolutist Definition of Deviance	12	(1)
Reactivist Definition of Deviance	13	(1)
Normative Definition of Deviance	14	(1)
Normative Systems	15	(5)
Variants of Police Deviance	20	(4)
Police Crime	20	(1)
Occupational Deviance	21	(1)
Corruption	22	(1)
Abuse of Authority	23	(1)
Summary	24	(3)
2 A History of Police Deviance The Forging of an Occupation	27	(32)
The Historical Roots of Policing	29	(1)
Policing in England	30	(8)
Constables and Other Early Law Enforcement Officials	30	(3)
The London Metropolitan Police	33	(5)
Policing in the United States	38	(19)
Policing and Police Deviance Before 1920	38	(9)
Policing and Police Deviance After 1920	47	(10)
Summary
3 The Working Environment Organizing and Structuring Police Deviance	59	(24)
Deviance Opportunity Structure	60	(13)
Legitimizing Police Deviance	61	(5)
Public Perception of Police Deviance	66	(2)
Police Deviance and Isolation	68	(1)
Police Deviance and Supervision	69	(4)
Organizational Structure	73	(3)
Division of Labor	73	(2)
Career Mobility	75	(1)
Internally and Externally Structured Deviance	76	(6)
Structuring Opportunities for Internal Deviance	77	(2)
Structuring the Opportunity for External Deviance	79	(3)
Summary	82	(1)
4 Breeding Deviant Conformity The Ideology and Culture of Police	83	(26)
Perspectives on the Development of Police Character	84	(4)
The Psychological Paradigm of Police Character	85	(2)
The Sociological Paradigm of Police Character	87	(1)
The Anthropological Paradigm	88	(1)
The Police Worldview	88	(19)
The Spirit of Police Subculture	97	(3)
Cultural Themes in Policing	100	(2)
Postulates of Police Culture	102	(5)
Summary	107	(2)
5 Learning to Deviate Motive and Justification for Breaking Normative Bonds	109	(20)
Motive and Motivation	110	(3)
Justifying Police Deviance	113	(12)
Police Denial of Responsibility	113	(4)
Police Denial of Injury	117	(3)
Police Denial of the Victim	120	(1)
Police Condemnation of Condemners	121	(2)
Police Appeal to Higher Loyalties	123	(2)
Audience Acceptance of Justifications for Deviance	125	(1)
Negotiating Boundaries of the Normative System	126	(2)
Summary	128	(1)
6 Police Brutality and Abuse of Authority Making Sense of the Senseless Beating of Rodney King	129	(20)
The Police Beating of Rodney King	131	(1)
The Aftermath of the Beating	132	(2)
The LAPD's Working Environment	134	(4)
Aberant Conduct or Subculture of Violence?	138	(3)
Disturbing Beliefs, Facts and Fabrications	141	(2)
Targeting Victims for Police Violence	143	(2)
Constructing Reality	145	(3)
Summary	148	(1)
7 Police Prejudice and Discrimination The Investigation of Jeffrey Dahmer	149	(16)
Dimensions of Police Prejudice and Discrimination	151	(5)
Investigation of the Sexual Abuse of Konerak Sinthasomphone	156	(1)
The MPD's Working Environment	157	(2)
Deficient Oversight or Subculture of Prejudice and Discrimination?	159	(2)
Disturbing Facts and Omissions	161	(3)
Summary	164	(1)
8 Drug-Related Police Deviance The Buddy Boys Case	165	(22)
The Buddy Boys Case	168	(5)
Off-and On-Duty Substance Abuse	169	(1)
Subjugation of Defendants' Constitutional Protections	170	(1)
Traditional Forms of Drug-Related Corruption	171	(2)
The Unfolding of the Buddy Boys Case	173	(1)
The NYPD's Working Environment	174	(5)
Targeting Victims for Police Ripoffs	179	(1)
The Toleration and Rationalization of Deviant Activities	180	(5)
Administration and Management Factors	180	(2)
Rationalizing Deviant Conduct	182	(3)
Summary	185	(2)
9 Varieties of Police Deviance The District of Columbia's Metropolitan Police	187	(28)
The DCMPD's Working Environment	189	(5)
Abuse of Authority	194	(5)
Misuse of Confidential Information	199	(2)
Deception and Dishonesty	201	(2)
Political Cover-Ups	203	(3)
Disturbing Allegations of Misconduct and Mismanagement	206	(3)
The Continuing Quest for Stability in the DCMPD	209	(2)
Reactions to Police Deviance	211	(2)
Summary	213	(2)
10 Influencing Police Deviance and Corruption Internal and External Controls	215	(38)
Formal Methods of Internal Control	216	(23)
The Development of Guidelines	218	(3)
Training and Education	221	(1)
The Role of Supervision	222	(1)
Accountability and Discipline	223	(2)
Centralized Administration	225	(5)
Internal Affairs	230	(3)
Early Warning Systems	233	(6)
Informal Influences-Organizational and Subcultural	239	(4)
Organizing Against Deviance	240	(2)
Subcultural Influences	242	(1)
External Controls and Influences	243	(8)
State Liability Actions	244	(1)
Federal Liability Actions	245	(1)
Political Influence	246	(1)
Accreditation	247	(2)
Citizen Oversight	249	(2)
Summary	251	(2)
11 Prospects for Controlling Deviance Forging the Boundaries of Police Behavior	253	(26)
Functions of Deviance	255	(2)
Negotiating the Bounds of Behavior	257	(13)
Messages from Politicians	257	(2)
Messages from Police Officials	259	(2)
Messages from the Judiciary	261	(2)
Legal End Runs	263	(2)
The Social Organization of Police Deviance	265	(5)
The Improbability of Controlling Police Deviance	270	(7)
Summary	277	(2)
References	279	(22)
Index	301