Forensic Chemistry

by BELL

• ISBN13: 9780321765758
• ISBN10: 0321765753
• Edition: 2nd
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2012-01-02
• Publisher: Pearson

Summary

The first text to specifically address this growing field, Forensic Chemistryintroduces the principal areas of study from the perspective of analytical chemistryaddressing the legal context in which forensic chemistry is conducted, types of samples and matrices, variety of sample types encountered, and extensive use of instrumentation. It provides a solid foundation for basic chemistry, introducing chemical concepts and practices from a forensic perspective (including multivariate statistics, quality assurance/quality control, and protocols used in working forensic laboratories). The Second Editionhas been reorganized significantly, and updated to reflect new developments in the course.

Table of Contents

Chapter 1- Introduction and Overview- Chemistry and the Law
1.1 What is Forensic Chemistry?
1.2 Precedent in Chemistry and the Law
1.3 Key Forensic and Legal Concepts
1.4 The Flow of a Forensic Analysis
1.5 The Forensic Mind-Set
1.6 Forensic Chemistry Today
1.7 Becoming and Being a Forensic Professional

PART 1- METROLOGY

Chapter 2- Foundations
    2.1 Metrology and Measurement
    2.2 Significant Figures, Rounding, and Uncertainty
    2.3 Fundamental Statistics
    2.4 Error, Accuracy, and Precision
    2.5 Hypothesis Testing

Chapter 3- Quality Assurance and Quality Control
    3.1 Quality Assurance and Quality Control
    3.2 Quality Control Procedures
    3.3 Quality Control and Calibration

Chapter 4- Reporting Defensible Uncertainty and Obtaining Representative Samples
    4.1 Uncertainty
    4.2 Sampling and Sampling Plans

PART 2- CHEMICAL FOUNDATIONS

Chapter 5- Chemical Fundamentals: Partitioning, Equilibria, and Acid/ Base Chemistry
    5.1 General Considerations
    5.2 An Introductory Example
    5.3 The Special K’s
    5.4 Partitioning
    5.5 Partitioning with a Solid Phase
    5.6 Extension of Partitioning: Thin-Layer Chromatography

Chapter 6- Instrumentation
    6.1 Microscopes and Chemical Microscopy
    6.2 Spectroscopy
    6.3 Mass Spectroscopy
    6.4 Elemental Analysis
    6.5 Microspectrophotometry
    6.6 Electrophoretic Instrumentation

PART 3- DRUGS AND POISON

Chapter 7- Drugs as Physical Evidence: Seized Drugs and Their Analysis
    7.1 What is a Drug?
    7.2 Classification and Categories
    7.3 Drugs as Evidence
    7.4 Analysis of Seized Drugs

Chapter 8- Forensic Drug Analysis II: Selected Drug Classes
    8.1 Acidic and Neutral Drugs
    8.2 Basic Drugs

Chapter 9- Drugs in the Body
    9.1 Introduction
    9.2 ADME
    9.3 Compartment Models
    9.4 Absorption
    9.5 Metabolism
    9.6 Elimination
    9.7 An Integrated Approach
    9.8 Dosage Considerations
    9.9 How Drugs Work

Chapter 10- Forensic Toxicology
    10.1 Sample Types
    10.2 Categories of Forensic Toxicology
    10.3 Analytical Methods

PART 4 COMBUSTION EVIDENCE

Chapter 11- The Chemistry of Combustion and Arson
    11.1 The Combustion Continuum
    11.2 Aspects of Combustion
    11.3 Flames and Fires
    11.4 Arson and Fire Investigation

Chapter 12- Explosives
    12.1 Explosions, Detonations, and Explosives
    12.2 Explosive Power
    12.3 Forensic Analysis of Explosives

Chapter 13- Firearms and Associated Chemical Evidence
    13.1 How Guns Work
    13.2 Primers and Propellants
    13.3 Forensic Chemical Analysis of Firearms Evidence
    13.4 Serial Number Restoration

PART 5 MATERIALS

Chapter 14- The Chemistry of Colors and Colorants
    14.1 Color: A Quantitative View
    14.2 Colorants
    14.3 Application of Colorants: Inks
    14.4 Applications of Colorants: Mechanical and Computer Printing
    14.5 Applications of Colorants: Paint

Chapter 15- The Chemistry of Polymers
    15.1 Polymers
    15.2 Biopolymers: Polysaccharides
    15.3 Synthetic Polymers

Chapter 16- Forensic Analysis of Inks and Paints
    16.1 Analytical Methods
    16.2 Aging and Dating

Chapter 17- Chemical Analysis of Materials I: Paper, Fibers, and Plastic
    17.1 Analysis of Materials: An Overview
    17.2 Analysis of Paper
    17.3 Fibers

Appendix 1- Alphabetical Glossary of Terms
Appendix 2- Abbreviations
Appendix 3- Solvent Properties for SPE and HPLC
Appendix 4- Key Organic Chemistry Terms and Reactions
Appendix 5- Thermodynamic Quantities
Appendix 6- Apothecary and Other Units in Forensic Chemistry
Appendix 7- Characteristic Infrared Group Frequencies
Appendix 8- Reagents for Color Test Reagents
Appendix 9- Tables for Statistical Testing