Fundamentals of Graphics Communication with Autodesk Inventor Software 06-07

by Bertoline, Gary R.

• ISBN13: 9780073312729
• ISBN10: 007331272X
• Edition: 1st
• Format: Paperback
• Copyright: 2006-08-14
• Publisher: McGraw-Hill Science/Engineering/Math

Summary

A thoroughly contemporary approach to teaching essential technical graphics skills has made Bertoline and Wiebe's Fundamentals of Graphics Communication the leading textbook in introductory engineering graphics programs. The fifth edition continues to integrate design concepts and the use of CAD into its outstanding coverage of the basic visualization and sketching techniques that enable students to create and communicate graphic ideas effectively.As in past editions, the authors have included many examples of how graphics communication pertains to "real-world" engineering design, including current industry practices and breakthroughs; as one example, the Motorola RAZR cellular phone is used as a case study to synthesize the design concepts in the text. A dynamic Online Learning Center provides additional resources such as an image bank, animations, quizzes, and links to current industry and career sites.

Table of Contents

Preface	xvii
Introduction to Graphics Communication	1	(36)
Design in Industry: Going Virtual
Objectives and Overview	1	(1)
Introduction	2	(2)
The Importance of Graphics in the Design Process	4	(4)
Visualization	5	(2)
Communication	7	(1)
Documentation	7	(1)
The Traditional Design Process	8	(2)
The Design Process Using Concurrent Engineering	10	(3)
Standards and Conventions	13	(1)
CAD Database Standards	14	(1)
Alphabet of Lines	14	(2)
Specialists and Technical Drawings	16	(1)
Technical Drawing Tools	16	(1)
Computer-Aided Drawing Tools	17	(4)
The Central Processing Unit (CPU)	17	(1)
Computer Operating System	18	(1)
Display Devices	18	(1)
Input Devices	19	(1)
Output Devices	19	(1)
Storage Devices and Media	20	(1)
Traditional Tools	21	(7)
Pencils	22	(1)
Drawing Paper	23	(1)
Scales	23	(1)
Mechanical Engineer's Scale	24	(1)
Metric Scale	24	(4)
What You Will Learn	28	(1)
Future Trends	28	(2)
Visualization Tools	28	(2)
Summary	30	(7)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	30	(1)
Goals Review	30	(1)
Questions for Review	30	(1)
Historical Highlight Leonardo da Vinci	31	(1)
Further Reading	32	(1)
Workbook Problems	33	(1)
Problems	33	(4)
Sketching and Text	37	(42)
Design in Industry: Arc Second
Objectives and Overview	37	(1)
Technical Sketching	38	(4)
Freehand Sketching Tools	40	(2)
CAD Sketching Tools	42	(1)
Sketching Technique	42	(9)
Seeing, Imaging, Representing	43	(1)
Contour Sketching	44	(2)
Negative Space Sketching	46	(1)
Upside-Down Sketching	47	(1)
Straight Lines	47	(2)
Curved Lines	49	(2)
Proportions and Construction Lines	51	(6)
Lettering	57	(6)
Lettering Standards	58	(1)
Hand Lettering	58	(2)
Alternate Text Styles	60	(1)
CAD Lettering Technique	61	(2)
Text on Drawings	63	(1)
Sketching Using a Parametric Modeling CAD Software Program	64	(1)
Summary	65	(14)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	66	(1)
Goals Review	66	(1)
Questions for Review	66	(1)
Historical Highlight Ivan Sutherland (1938-- )	67	(1)
Further Reading	68	(1)
Workbook Problems	69	(1)
Problems	69	(10)
Engineering Geometry	79	(54)
Design in Industry: PUMA Footwear's The Fass
Objectives and Overview	79	(1)
Engineering Geometry	80	(1)
Shape Description	80	(1)
Coordinate Space	80	(7)
Right-Hand Rule	83	(2)
Polar Coordinates	85	(1)
Cylindrical Coordinates	85	(1)
Spherical Coordinates	85	(1)
Absolute and Relative Coordinates	85	(1)
World and Local Coordinate Systems	86	(1)
Geometric Elements	87	(2)
Points, Lines, Circles, and Arcs	89	(5)
Points	89	(1)
Lines	89	(2)
Tangencies	91	(1)
Circles	92	(2)
Conic Curves	94	(7)
Parabolas	95	(2)
Hyperbolas	97	(2)
Ellipses	99	(2)
Free form Curves	101	(1)
Spline Curves	101	(1)
Bezier and B-Spline Curves	101	(1)
Angles	102	(1)
Planes	102	(3)
Planar Geometry	102	(3)
Surfaces	105	(8)
Ruled Surfaces	106	(7)
Fractal Curves and Surfaces	113	(1)
3-D Modeling	113	(6)
Wireframe Modeling	114	(2)
Surface Modeling	116	(3)
Summary	119	(14)
Historical Highlight Early Technical Drawings	120	(1)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	120	(1)
Goals Review	121	(1)
Questions for Review	121	(1)
Further Reading	121	(1)
Workbook Problems	122	(1)
Problems	122	(7)
Classic Problems	129	(4)
3-D Solid Modeling	133	(62)
Design in Industry: Solid Modeling and CAD Fuels Race Team's Success
Objectives and Overview	133	(1)
Model Definition	134	(1)
Primitive Modeling	135	(1)
Constructive Solid Geometry (CSG) Modeling	135	(3)
Boundary Representation (B-Rep) Modeling	138	(1)
Constraint-Based Modeling	138	(2)
Planning	138	(1)
Sources of Data	139	(1)
Eventual Model Use	139	(1)
Modeling Standards	139	(1)
Feature Analysis	140	(2)
Feature Definition	142	(17)
Features from Generalized Sweeps	142	(1)
Construction Geometry	143	(1)
Sketching the Profile	144	(3)
Constraining the Profile	147	(5)
Completing the Feature Definition	152	(2)
Feature Planning Strategies	154	(5)
Editing Part Features	159	(3)
Understanding Feature Order	159	(2)
Editing Feature Properties	161	(1)
Duplicating Part Features	162	(1)
Viewing the Part Model	163	(4)
View Camera Operation	163	(1)
View Camera Strategy	164	(3)
Application of Part Model Data	167	(12)
Model Data Associativity	168	(1)
Documentation	169	(1)
Assembly Modeling	170	(4)
Analysis	174	(5)
Summary	179	(16)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	180	(1)
Goals Review	180	(1)
Questions for Review	180	(1)
Further Reading	181	(1)
Workbook Problems	182	(1)
Problems	182	(13)
Multiviews and Visualization	195	(116)
Design in Industry: Motorola NFL Headset Generation II
Objectives and Overview	195	(2)
Projection Theory	197	(2)
Line of Sight (LOS)	197	(1)
Plane of Projection	197	(1)
Parallel versus Perspective Projection	197	(2)
Multiview Projection Planes	199	(2)
Frontal Plane of Projection	199	(1)
Horizontal Plane of Projection	199	(2)
Profile Plane of Projection	201	(1)
Orientation of Views from Projection Planes	201	(1)
Advantages of Multiview Drawings	201	(1)
The Six Principal Views	202	(9)
Conventional View Placement	206	(1)
First- and Third-Angle Projection	206	(1)
Adjacent Views	206	(2)
Related Views	208	(1)
Central View	208	(1)
Line Conventions	208	(3)
Multiview Sketches	211	(9)
One-View Sketches	211	(1)
Two-View Sketches	211	(4)
Three-View Sketches	215	(5)
Multiviews from 3-D CAD Models	220	(1)
View Selection	220	(3)
Fundamental Views of Edges and Planes for Visualization	223	(9)
Edges (Lines)	223	(4)
Principal Planes	227	(2)
Inclined Planes	229	(1)
Oblique Planes	229	(3)
Multiview Representations for Sketches	232	(9)
Points	232	(1)
Planes	232	(2)
Change of Planes (Edge)	234	(1)
Angles	234	(1)
Curved Surfaces	235	(2)
Holes	237	(1)
Fillets, Rounds, Finished Surfaces, and Chamfers	237	(2)
Runouts	239	(1)
Intersecting Cylinders	240	(1)
Cylinders Intersecting Prisms and Holes	241	(1)
ANSI Standards for Multiview Drawings and Sketches	241	(5)
Partial Views	242	(1)
Revolution Conventions	243	(3)
Removed Views	246	(1)
Visualization for Design	246	(3)
Vision	247	(1)
Problem Solving	248	(1)
Solid Object Features	249	(2)
Solid Object Visualization	251	(8)
Combinations and Negative Solids	251	(2)
Planar Surfaces	253	(3)
Symmetry	256	(1)
Surface Models (Developments)	257	(2)
Multiview Drawings Visualization	259	(8)
Projection Studies	259	(1)
Physical Model Construction	259	(1)
Adjacent Areas	259	(1)
Similar Shapes	259	(3)
Surface Labeling	262	(1)
Missing Lines	262	(1)
Vertex Labeling	262	(1)
Analysis by Solids	262	(3)
Analysis by Surfaces	265	(2)
Summary	267	(44)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	267	(1)
Historical Highlight Multiview Drawings	268	(1)
Goals Review	269	(1)
Questions for Review	269	(1)
Further Reading	269	(1)
Workbook Problems	270	(1)
Hints for Multiview Sketching	270	(1)
Problems	270	(35)
Classic Problems	305	(6)
Auxiliary Views	311	(26)
Design in Industry: ``Total'' Industrial Design Strategy Cuts Overall Costs, Boosts Quality
Objectives and Overview	311	(1)
Auxiliary View Projection Theory	312	(3)
Fold-Line Method	312	(2)
Reference Plane Method	314	(1)
Auxiliary View Classifications	315	(8)
Reference or Fold-Line Labeling Conventions	316	(1)
Depth Auxiliary View	316	(1)
Height Auxiliary View	317	(1)
Width Auxiliary View	318	(2)
Partial Auxiliary Views	320	(1)
Half Auxiliary Views	320	(1)
Curves	320	(1)
Auxiliary Views Using CAD	321	(2)
Auxiliary View Applications	323	(3)
Reverse Construction	323	(1)
View in a Specified Direction: Point View of a Line	323	(1)
Dihedral Angles	324	(1)
Successive Auxiliary Views: True Size of Oblique Surfaces	325	(1)
Summary	326	(11)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	327	(1)
Questions for Review	327	(1)
Historical Highlight Early Technical Drawings Become More Refined	328	(1)
Workbook Problems	329	(1)
Problems	329	(8)
Pictorial Projections	337	(48)
Design In Industry: Concept to Victory in 7 Months
Objectives and Overview	337	(1)
Axonometric Projection	338	(3)
Axonometric Projection Classifications	338	(3)
Isometric Axonometric Projections	341	(3)
Isometric Axonometric Drawings	342	(1)
Standards for Hidden Lines, Center Lines, and Dimensions	343	(1)
Isometric Pictorial Sketches	344	(1)
Isometric Ellipses	345	(3)
Isometric Grid Paper	348	(2)
Oblique Planes in Isometric Views	350	(2)
Angles in Isometric Views	352	(1)
Irregular Curves in Isometric Views	353	(1)
Isometric Ellipse Templates	353	(1)
Section Views in Isometric Drawings	354	(2)
Isometric Assembly Drawings	356	(1)
Oblique Projections	356	(5)
Oblique Projection Theory	358	(1)
Oblique Drawing Classifications	358	(2)
Object Orientation Rules	360	(1)
Oblique Pictorial Sketching	361	(1)
Perspective Projections	362	(2)
Perspective Projection Terminology	364	(1)
Perspective Projection Classifications	365	(2)
Perspective Drawing Variables Selection	367	(1)
CAD Perspective Drawings	367	(3)
Summary	370	(15)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	370	(2)
Historical Highlight Isometric Drawings	372	(2)
Goals Reviews	374	(1)
Questions for Review	374	(1)
Further Reading	374	(1)
Workbook Problems	375	(1)
Problems	375	(7)
Classic Problems	382	(3)
Section Views	385	(48)
Design in Industry: New Generation of Tester Packs a Punch
Objectives and Overview	385	(2)
Sectioning Basics	387	(5)
CAD Technique	391	(1)
Visualization of Section Views	391	(1)
Cutting Plane Lines	392	(4)
Placement of Cutting Plane Lines	393	(3)
Section Line Practices	396	(2)
Material Symbols	396	(1)
Sketching Techniques	397	(1)
Outline Sections	397	(1)
Thin Wall Sections	397	(1)
Section View Types	398	(11)
Full Sections	398	(3)
Half Sections	401	(1)
Broken-Out Sections	402	(1)
Revolved Sections	403	(1)
Removed Sections	403	(2)
Offset Sections	405	(1)
Assembly Sections	405	(1)
Auxiliary Sections	405	(4)
Special Sectioning Conventions	409	(3)
Ribs, Webs, and Other Thin Features	409	(1)
Aligned Sections	409	(3)
Conventional Breaks	412	(1)
3-D CAD Techniques	412	(1)
Summary	413	(20)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	414	(1)
Historical Highlight Very Early Attempts at Drawing	415	(1)
Goals Review	415	(1)
Questions for Review	415	(2)
Workbook Problems	417	(1)
Problems	417	(14)
Classic Problems	431	(2)
Dimensioning and Tolerancing Practices	433	(56)
Design in Industry: The Design of the Leonard Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge
Objectives and Overview	433	(1)
Dimensioning	434	(1)
Size and Location Dimensions	434	(10)
Terminology	435	(3)
Basic Concepts	438	(1)
Size Dimensions	438	(1)
Location and Orientation Dimensions	439	(1)
Coordinate Dimensions	439	(1)
Standard Practices	440	(4)
Detail Dimensioning	444	(5)
Diameter versus Radius	446	(2)
Holes and Blind Holes	448	(1)
Counterbored Holes	448	(1)
Spotfaces	448	(1)
Countersinks	448	(1)
Screw Threads	448	(1)
Grooves	448	(1)
Manufacturers' Gages	449	(1)
Dimensioning Techniques	449	(6)
The Dimensioning Process	450	(1)
Dimensioning Guidelines	451	(2)
ASME Standard Dimensioning Rules	453	(2)
Tolerancing	455	(2)
Interchangeability	455	(2)
Tolerance Representation	457	(17)
General Tolerances	458	(1)
Limit Dimensions	458	(1)
Plus and Minus Dimensions	458	(1)
Single Limit Dimensions	458	(1)
Important Terms	458	(2)
Fit Types	460	(1)
Fit Type Determination	461	(1)
Tolerance Costs	461	(1)
Functional Dimensioning	462	(1)
Tolerance Stack-Up	462	(2)
Metric Limits and Fits	464	(3)
Standard Precision Fits: English Units	467	(7)
Tolerances in CAD	474	(1)
Geometric Accuracy	474	(1)
Associative Dimensioning	474	(1)
Surface Texture Symbols	475	(1)
Summary	476	(13)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	476	(2)
Goals Review	478	(2)
Questions for Review	480	(1)
Workbook Problems	481	(1)
Problems	481	(8)
Working Drawings and Assemblies	489	(74)
Design In Industry: John Deere 8020 Series Tractor
Objectives and Overview	489	(1)
Basic Concepts	490	(1)
Working Drawings	491	(15)
Detail Drawings	491	(2)
Assembly Drawings	493	(2)
Part Numbers	495	(3)
Drawing Numbers	498	(1)
Title Blocks	499	(1)
Parts Lists	500	(1)
Part Identification	500	(2)
Revision Block	502	(1)
Engineering Change Orders (ECO)	502	(1)
Scale Specifications	503	(1)
Tolerance Specifications	503	(1)
Zones	504	(1)
Tabular Drawings	504	(1)
Working Assembly Drawing	504	(2)
Standard Parts	506	(1)
Using CAD to Create a Detailed Working Drawing from a 3-D Model	506	(2)
Threaded Fasteners	508	(7)
Thread Terminology	508	(2)
Thread Specifications: English System	510	(1)
Form	510	(1)
Series	510	(1)
Class of Fit	511	(1)
Thread Notes	511	(1)
Thread Specifications: Metric System	512	(1)
Thread Drawings	513	(2)
Standard Bolts, Studs, and Screws	515	(2)
CAD Techniques	515	(2)
Nonthreaded Fasteners	517	(1)
Pins	517	(1)
Keys	517	(1)
Rivets	518	(1)
Springs	518	(1)
Mechanisms	519	(2)
Gears	519	(1)
Cams	519	(1)
Linkages	520	(1)
Bearings	521	(1)
Welding	521	(5)
Weld Symbols	523	(3)
Reprographics	526	(2)
Reproduction Techniques	526	(1)
Digital Technologies	527	(1)
Summary	528	(35)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	529	(1)
Goals Review	529	(1)
Questions for Review	529	(1)
Historical Highlight Thomas Ewing French (1871--1944)	530	(1)
Further Reading	530	(1)
Workbook Problems	531	(1)
Problems	531	(28)
Classic Problems	559	(4)
The Engineering Design Process	563	(64)
Design in Industry: Using Human Factors in Bathtub Design
Objectives and Overview	563	(1)
Design	564	(2)
The Engineering Design Process	566	(9)
Traditional Engineering Design	567	(1)
Concurrent Engineering Design	567	(1)
Collaborative Engineering	568	(1)
Virtual Product Representation	568	(1)
Prototyping	568	(1)
Productivity Tools	568	(1)
EDM/PDM	569	(1)
Internet, Intranet, and Extranet	569	(3)
Product Life Cycle Management (PLM)	572	(2)
e-Business	574	(1)
Design Teams	574	(1)
Members of Design Teams	575	(1)
Types of Design Projects	575	(1)
Ideation	575	(6)
Problem Identification	576	(2)
Preliminary Ideas Statement	578	(1)
Preliminary Design	579	(1)
Ideation Resources	579	(1)
The Designer's Notebook	580	(1)
Refinement	581	(9)
Modeling	583	(3)
Computer Simulation and Animation	586	(1)
Design Analysis	586	(4)
Design Review Meetings	590	(1)
Implementation	591	(10)
Planning	591	(1)
Production	592	(1)
Marketing	592	(1)
Finance	592	(2)
Management	594	(1)
Service	594	(1)
Documentation	595	(6)
Drawing Control	601	(3)
Product Data Control	601	(2)
File Management	603	(1)
ISO 9000	603	(1)
Other Engineering Design Methods	604	(12)
Virtual Reality	605	(1)
Design Case Study
The Motorola RAZR Mobile Phone	606	(10)
Summary	616	(11)
Historical Highlight Donna Cox	617	(1)
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	617	(1)
Goals Review	618	(1)
Questions for Review	618	(1)
Further Reading	618	(1)
Supplement: Design Problems	619	(8)
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GDT)	627
Design in Industry: Stryker Medical's Trio Mobile Surgery Platform
Objectives and Overview	627	(1)
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing	628	(1)
GDT Symbols	629	(1)
GDT Rule 1	630	(1)
Maximum Material Condition	631	(1)
Material Condition Symbols	631	(1)
Departure from MMC	631	(1)
Perfect Form at MMC	631	(1)
Separation of Control Types	632	(1)
Datums and Datum Features	632	(2)
Datum Uses	632	(1)
Datums and Assembly	633	(1)
Datum Feature Control	633	(1)
Datum Reference Frame	633	(1)
Primary Datum	634	(1)
Secondary and Tertiary Datums	634	(1)
Datum Feature Symbols	634	(1)
Geometric Controls	634	(10)
Perfection	634	(1)
Tolerance Zones	634	(1)
Virtual Condition	634	(1)
Form Controls	635	(2)
Orientation Controls	637	(2)
Location Controls	639	(5)
Tolerance Calculations	644	(1)
Floating Fastener Tolerancing	644	(1)
Fixed Fastener Tolerancing	645	(1)
Hole Diameter Tolerancing	645	(1)
Design Applications	645	(2)
Five-Step GDT Process	645	(1)
Application Example	645	(2)
Historical Highlight Standards	647	(1)
Summary	647
Online Learning Center (OLC) Features	648	(1)
Goals Review	648	(1)
Questions for Review	649	(1)
Workbook Problems	650	(1)
Problems	650
APPENDIXES	1	(1)
Metric Equivalents	3	(1)
Trigonometry Functions	4	(1)
ANSI Running and Sliding Fits (RC)	5	(1)
ANSI Clearance Locational Fits (LC)	6	(1)
ANSI Transition Locational Fits (LT)	7	(1)
ANSI Interference Locational Fits (LN)	8	(1)
ANSI Force and Shrink Fits (FN)	9	(1)
Description of Preferred Metric Fits	10	(1)
ANSI Preferred Hole Basis Metric Clearance Fits	11	(1)
ANSI Preferred Hole Basis Transition and Interference Fits	12	(1)
ANSI Preferred Shaft Basis Metric Clearance Fits	13	(1)
ANSI Preferred Shaft Basis Metric Transition and Interference Fits	14	(1)
Unified Standard Screw Thread Series	15	(1)
Thread Sizes and Dimensions	16	(1)
Tap Drill Sizes for American National Thread Forms	17	(1)
Hex Cap Screws (Finished Hex Bolts)	17	(1)
Socket Head Cap Screws (1960 Series)	18	(1)
Square Head Bolts	19	(1)
Hex Nuts and Hex Jam Nuts	20	(1)
Square Nuts	21	(1)
ANSI Metric Hex Jam Nuts and Heavy Hex Nuts	22	(1)
ANSI Metric Hex Nuts, Styles 1 and 2	22	(1)
ANSI Metric Slotted Hex Nuts and Hex Flange Nuts	23	(1)
ANSI Square and Hexagon Machine Screw Nuts and Flat Head Machine Screws	24	(1)
ANSI Slotted Flat Countersunk Head Cap Screws	25	(1)
ANSI Slotted Round and Fillister Head Cap Screws	25	(1)
Drill and Counterbore Sizes for Socket Head Cap Screws	26	(1)
ANSI Hexagon and Spline Socket Head Cap Screws	26	(1)
ANSI Hexagon Socket Head Shoulder Screws	27	(1)
Drill and Counterbore Sizes for Metric Socket Head Cap Screws	27	(1)
ANSI Socket Head Cap Screws---Metric Series	28	(1)
ANSI Metric Hex Bolts	28	(1)
ANSI Metric Hex Cap Screws	29	(1)
ANSI Hex and Hex Flange Head Metric Machine Screws	30	(1)
ANSI Slotted Flat Head Metric Machine Screws	31	(1)
ANSI Slotted Headless Set Screws	32	(1)
ANSI Hexagon and Spline Socket Set Screws	32	(1)
ANSI Hexagon and Spline Socket Set Screw Optional Cup Points	33	(1)
ANSI Square Head Set Screws	34	(1)
ANSI Taper Pipe Threads (NPT)	35	(1)
ANSI Metric Plain Washers	36	(1)
ANSI Type A Plain Washers---Preferred Sizes	37	(1)
ANSI Type A Plain Washers---Additional Selected Sizes	37	(1)
ANSI Type B Plain Washers	38	(1)
ANSI Helical Spring Lock Washers	39	(1)
ANSI Internal and External Tooth Lock Washers	40	(1)
ANSI Keyseat Dimensions For Woodruff Keys	41	(1)
ANSI Standard Woodruff Keys	42	(1)
Key Size versus Shaft Diameter---Key Size and Keyway Depth	43	(1)
ANSI Standard Plain and Gib Head Keys	43	(1)
ANSI Chamfered, Square End, and Taper Pins	44	(1)
British Standard Parallel Steel Dowel Pins---Metric Series	45	(1)
ANSI Cotter and Clevis Pins	46	(1)
Welding Symbols	47	(4)
Patterns	51	(4)
Geometric Characteristic Symbols	55
Glossary	1	(1)
Index	1	(1)
Workbook Sheets	1