Fundamentals of Physics, Volume 1 (Chapters 1 - 20), 8th Edition

by Halliday, David (Univ. of Pittsburgh); Resnick, Robert (Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute); Walker, Jearl (Cleveland State Univ.)

• ISBN13: 9780470044735
• ISBN10: 047004473X
• Edition: 8th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2007-01-01
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

This 8th edition of Fundamentals of Physics includes hundreds of items about curious effects in the everyday world, written in the spirit of Jearl Walker's The Flying Circus of Physics. The original edition of The Flying Circus of Physics-in print for over 30 years in 10 languages-is a cult classic among physics students, physics instructors, and the general public.

Table of Contents

Measurement	p. 1
What Is Physics?	p. 2
Measuring Things	p. 2
The International System of Units	p. 2
Changing Units	p. 3
Length	p. 4
Time	p. 5
Mass	p. 7
Review & Summary	p. 8
Problems	p. 8
Motion Along a Straight Line	p. 13
What Is Physics?	p. 14
Motion	p. 14
Position and Displacement	p. 14
Average Velocity and Average Speed	p. 15
Instantaneous Velocity and Speed	p. 17
Acceleration	p. 19
Constant Acceleration: A Special Case	p. 21
Another Look at Constant Acceleration	p. 24
Free-Fall Acceleration	p. 24
Graphical Integration in Motion Analysis	p. 27
Review & Summary	p. 28
Questions	p. 29
Problems	p. 30
Vector	p. 38
What Is Physics?	p. 39
Vectors and Scalars	p. 39
Adding Vectors Geometrically	p. 39
Components of Vectors	p. 40
Unit Vectors	p. 44
Adding Vectors by Components	p. 45
Vectors and the Laws of Physics	p. 48
Multiplying Vectors	p. 48
Review & Summary	p. 52
Questions	p. 52
Problems	p. 53
Motion in Two and Three Dimensions	p. 58
What Is Physics?	p. 59
Position and Displacement	p. 59
Average Velocity and Instantaneous Velocity	p. 61
Average Acceleration and Instantaneous Acceleration	p. 63
Projectile Motion	p. 65
Projectile Motion Analyzed	p. 66
Uniform Circular Motion	p. 70
Relative Motion in One Dimension	p. 72
Relative Motion in Two Dimensions	p. 73
Review & Summary	p. 75
Questions	p. 76
Problems	p. 77
Force and Motion - I	p. 87
What Is Physics?	p. 88
Newtonian Mechanics	p. 88
Newton's First Law	p. 88
Force	p. 89
Mass	p. 90
Newton's Second Law	p. 91
Some Particular Forces	p. 94
Newton's Third Law	p. 99
Applying Newton's Laws	p. 99
Review & Summary	p. 105
Questions	p. 106
Problems	p. 108
Force and Motion - II	p. 116
What Is Physics?	p. 117
Friction	p. 117
Properties of Friction	p. 118
The Drag Force and Terminal Speed	p. 122
Uniform Circular Motion	p. 124
Review & Summary	p. 129
Questions	p. 130
Problems	p. 131
Kinetic Energy and Work	p. 140
What Is Physics?	p. 141
What Is Energy?	p. 141
Kinetic Energy	p. 141
Work	p. 142
Work and Kinetic Energy	p. 143
Work Done by the Gravitational Force	p. 146
Work Done by a Spring Force	p. 149
Work Done by a General Variable Force	p. 152
Power	p. 155
Review & Summary	p. 157
Questions	p. 158
Problems	p. 159
Potential Energy and Conservation of Energy	p. 166
What Is Physics?	p. 167
Work and Potential Energy	p. 167
Path Independence of Conservative Forces	p. 168
Determining Potential Energy Values	p. 170
Conservation of Mechanical Energy	p. 173
Reading a Potential Energy Curve	p. 175
Work Done on a System by an External Force	p. 179
Conservation of Energy	p. 182
Review & Summary	p. 186
Questions	p. 187
Problems	p. 189
Center of Mass and Linear Momentum	p. 201
What Is Physics?	p. 202
The Center of Mass	p. 202
Newton's Second Law for a System of Particles	p. 206
Linear Momentum	p. 209
The Linear Momentum of a System of Particles	p. 210
Collision and Impulse	p. 210
Conservation of Linear Momentum	p. 214
Momentum and Kinetic Energy in Collisions	p. 217
Inelastic Collisions in One Dimension	p. 218
Elastic Collisions in One Dimension	p. 221
Collisions in Two Dimensions	p. 224
Systems with Varying Mass: A Rocket	p. 224
Review & Summary	p. 226
Questions	p. 228
Problems	p. 229
Rotation	p. 241
What Is Physics?	p. 242
The Rotational Variables	p. 242
Are Angular Quantities Vectors?	p. 246
Rotation with Constant Angular Acceleration	p. 247
Relating the Linear and Angular Variables	p. 249
Kinetic Energy of Rotation	p. 252
Calculating the Rotational Inertia	p. 253
Torque	p. 256
Newton's Second Law for Rotation	p. 257
Work and Rotational Kinetic Energy	p. 260
Review & Summary	p. 263
Questions	p. 265
Problems	p. 266
Rolling, Torque, and Angular Momentum	p. 275
What Is Physics?	p. 276
Rolling as Translation and Rotation Combined	p. 276
The Kinetic Energy of Rolling	p. 277
The Forces of Rolling	p. 278
The Yo-Yo	p. 281
Torque Revisited	p. 281
Angular Momentum	p. 283
Newton's Second Law in Angular Form	p. 285
The Angular Momentum of a System of Particles	p. 287
The Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body Rotating About a Fixed Axis	p. 287
Conservation of Angular Momentum	p. 290
Precession of a Gyroscope	p. 293
Review & Summary	p. 295
Questions	p. 296
Problems	p. 297
Equilibrium and Elasticity	p. 305
What Is Physics?	p. 306
Equilibrium	p. 306
The Requirements of Equilibrium	p. 307
The Center of Gravity	p. 308
Some Examples of Static Equilibrium	p. 310
Indeterminate Structures	p. 314
Elasticity	p. 315
Review & Summary	p. 319
Questions	p. 319
Problems	p. 321
Gravitation	p. 330
What Is Physics?	p. 331
Newton's Law of Gravitation	p. 331
Gravitation and the Principle of Superposition	p. 333
Gravitation Near Earth's Surface	p. 335
Gravitation Inside Earth	p. 337
Gravitation Potential Energy	p. 338
Planets and Satellites: Kepler's Laws	p. 342
Satellites: Orbits and Energy	p. 345
Einstein and Gravitation	p. 347
Review & Summary	p. 349
Questions	p. 350
Problems	p. 351
Fluids	p. 359
What Is Physics?	p. 360
What Is a Fluid?	p. 360
Density and Pressure	p. 360
Fluids at Rest	p. 362
Measuring Pressure	p. 365
Pascal's Principle	p. 366
Archimedes' Principle	p. 367
Ideal Fluids in Motion	p. 370
The Equation of Continuity	p. 371
Bernoulli's Equation	p. 373
Review & Summary	p. 377
Questions	p. 378
Problems	p. 379
Oscillations	p. 386
What Is Physics?	p. 387
Simple Harmonic Motion	p. 387
The Force Law for Simple Harmonic Motion	p. 390
Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion	p. 392
An Angular Simple Harmonic Oscillator	p. 394
Pendulums	p. 395
Simple Harmonic Motion and Uniform Circular Motion	p. 399
Damped Simple Harmonic Motion	p. 400
Forced Oscillations and Resonance	p. 402
Review & Summary	p. 403
Questions	p. 403
Problems	p. 405
Waves-I	p. 413
What Is Physics?	p. 414
Types of Waves	p. 414
Transverse and Longitudinal Waves	p. 414
Wavelength and Frequency	p. 416
The Speed of a Traveling Wave	p. 418
Wave Speed on a Stretched String	p. 412
Energy and Power of a Wave Traveling Along a String	p. 423
The Wave Equation	p. 425
The Principle of Superposition for Waves	p. 426
Interference of Waves	p. 427
Phasors	p. 429
Standing Waves	p. 431
Standing Waves and Resonance	p. 433
Review & Summary	p. 436
Questions	p. 436
Problems	p. 438
Waves-II	p. 445
What Is Physics?	p. 446
Sound Waves	p. 446
The Speed of Sound	p. 446
Traveling Sound Waves	p. 449
Interference	p. 451
Intensity and Sound Level	p. 453
Sources of Musical Sound	p. 457
Beats	p. 459
The Doppler Effect	p. 460
Supersonic Speeds, Shock Waves	p. 464
Review & Summary	p. 465
Questions	p. 466
Problems	p. 467
Temperature, Heat, and the First Law of Thermodynamics	p. 476
What Is Physics?	p. 477
Temperature	p. 477
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics	p. 477
Measuring Temperature	p. 478
The Celsius and Fahrenheit Scales	p. 478
Thermal Expansion	p. 482
Temperature and Heat	p. 484
The Absorption of Heat by Solids and Liquids	p. 485
A Closer Look at Heat and Work	p. 488
The First Law of Thermodynamics	p. 490
Some Special Cases of the First Law of Thermodynamics	p. 491
Heat Transfer Mechanisms	p. 493
Review & Summary	p. 497
Questions	p. 498
Problems	p. 500
The Kinetic Theory of Gases	p. 507
What Is Physics?	p. 508
Avogadro's Number	p. 508
Ideal Gases	p. 509
Pressure, Temperature, and RMS Speed	p. 512
Translational Kinetic Energy	p. 514
Mean Free Path	p. 515
The Distribution of Molecular Speeds	p. 517
The Molar Specific Heats of an Ideal Gas	p. 520
Degrees of Freedom and Molar Specific Heats	p. 523
A Hint of Quantum Theory	p. 525
The Adiabatic Expansion of an Ideal Gas	p. 526
Review & Summary	p. 529
Questions	p. 530
Problems	p. 531
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics	p. 536
What Is Physics?	p. 537
Irreversible Processes and Entropy	p. 537
Change in Entropy	p. 538
The Second Law of Thermodynamics	p. 542
Entropy in the Real World: Engines	p. 543
Entropy in the Real World: Refrigerators	p. 548
The Efficiencies of Real Engines	p. 549
A Statistical View of Entropy	p. 550
Review & Summary	p. 554
Questions	p. 555
Problems	p. 555
Appendices	p. A-1
The International System of Units (SI)	p. A-1
Some Fundamental Constants of Physics	p. A-3
Some Astronomical Data	p. A-4
Conversion Factors	p. A-5
Mathematical Formulas	p. A-9
Properties of the Elements	p. A-12
Periodic Table of the Elements	p. A-15
Answers to Checkpoints and Odd-Numbered Questions and Problems	p. AN-1
Index	p. I-1
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