Fundamentals of Thermodynamics, 7th Edition

by Claus Borgnakke (Univ. of Michigan); Richard E. Sonntag (Univ. of Michigan)

• ISBN13: 9780470041925
• ISBN10: 0470041927
• Edition: 7th
• Format: Hardcover
• Copyright: 2008-08-01
• Publisher: Wiley

Summary

Now in its seventh edition, Fundamentals of Thermodynamics continues to offer a comprehensive and rigorous treatment of classical thermodynamics, while retaining an engineering perspective. With concise, applications-oriented discussion of topics and self-test problems the text encourages students to monitor their own comprehension. The seventh edition is updated with additional examples, homework problems, and illustrations to increase student understanding. The text lays the groundwork for subsequent studies in fields such as fluid mechanics, heat transfer and statistical thermodynamics, and prepares students to effectively apply thermodynamics in the practice of engineering.

Author Biography

Richard E. Sonntag received his BSE, MSE and Ph.D. degrees, all in mechanical engineering, from the University of Michigan. He is a Professor of mechanical engineering at the University of Michigan and served as the department chair for eleven years. He is a fellow of the ASME and served on numerous committees within ASME and been vice chair and chair of the regional Department Heads.

Claus Borgnakke earned his MSE and Ph.D. from the Technical University of Denmark. He is an Associate Professor at the University of Michigan, where he received the Excellence in Teaching Award as well as other awards and recognitions, including the Ralph E. Teetor Award from SAE.

Table of Contents

Some Introductory Comments	p. 1
The Simple Steam Power Plant	p. 1
Fuel Cells	p. 2
The Vapor-Compression Refrigeration Cycle	p. 5
The Thermoelectric Refrigerator	p. 7
The Air Separation Plant	p. 8
The Gas Turbine	p. 9
The Chemical Rocket Engine	p. 11
Other Applications and Environmental Issues	p. 12
Some Concepts and Definitions	p. 13
A Thermodynamic System and the Control Volume	p. 13
Macroscopic Versus Microscopic Point of View	p. 14
Properties and State of a Substance	p. 15
Processes and Cycles	p. 16
Units for Mass, Length, Time, and Force	p. 17
Energy	p. 20
Specific Volume and Density	p. 22
Pressure	p. 25
Equality of Temperature	p. 30
The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics	p. 31
Temperature Scales	p. 31
Engineering Appilication	p. 33
Summary	p. 37
Problems	p. 38
Properties of a Pure Substance	p. 47
The Pure Substance	p. 48
Vapor-Liquid-Solid-Phase Equilibrium in a Pure Substance	p. 48
Independent Properties of a Pure Substance	p. 55
Tables of Thermodynamic Properties	p. 55
Thermodynamic Surfaces	p. 63
The P-V-T Behavior of Low- and Moderate-Density Gases	p. 65
The Compressibility Factor	p. 69
Equations of State	p. 72
Computerized Tables	p. 73
Engineering Applications	p. 75
Summary	p. 77
Problems	p. 78
Work and Heat	p. 90
Definition of Work	p. 90
Units for Work	p. 92
Work Done at the Moving Boundary of a Simple Compressible System	p. 93
Other Systems that Involve Work	p. 102
Concluding Remarks Regarding Work	p. 104
Definition of Heat	p. 106
Heat Transfer Modes	p. 107
Comparison of Heat and Work	p. 109
Engineering Applications	p. 110
Summary	p. 113
Problems	p. 114
The First Law of Thermodynamics	p. 127
The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Control Mass Undergoing a Cycle	p. 127
The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Change in State of a Control Mass	p. 128
Internal Energy-A Thermodynamic Property	p. 135
Problem Analysis and Solution Technique	p. 137
The Thermodynamic Property Enthalpy	p. 141
The Constant-Volume and Constant-Pressure Specific Heats	p. 146
The Internal Energy, Enthalpy, and Specific Heat of Ideal Gases	p. 147
The First Law as a Rate Equation	p. 154
Conservation of Mass	p. 156
Engineering Applications	p. 157
Summary	p. 160
Problems	p. 162
First-Law Analysis for a Control Volume	p. 180
Conservation of Mass and the Control Volume	p. 180
The First Law of Thermodynamics for a Control Volume	p. 183
The Steady-State Process	p. 185
Examples of Steady-State Processes	p. 187
The Transient Process	p. 202
Engineering Applications	p. 211
Summary	p. 215
Problems	p. 218
The Second Law of Thermodynamics	p. 238
Heat Engines and Refrigerators	p. 238
The Second Law of Thermodynamics	p. 244
The Reversible Process	p. 247
Factors that Render Processes Irreversible	p. 248
The Carnot Cycle	p. 251
Two Propositions Regarding the Efficiency of a Carnot Cycle	p. 253
The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale	p. 254
The Ideal-Gas Temperature Scale	p. 255
Ideal versus Real Machines	p. 259
Confirmation Pages
Engineering Applications	p. 262
Summary	p. 265
Problems	p. 267
Entropy	p. 279
The Inequality of Clausius	p. 279
Entropy-A Property of a System	p. 283
The Entropy of a Pure Substance	p. 285
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes	p. 287
The Thermodynamic Property Relation	p. 291
Entropy Change of a Solid or Liquid	p. 293
Entropy Change of an Ideal Gas	p. 294
The Reversible Polytropic Process for an Ideal Gas	p. 298
Entropy Change of
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